RESUMO
Objective:To study the effects of early essential newborn care (EENC) on breastfeeding and health outcomes of infants within 3 months of age.Methods:From September 2017 to September 2018, a prospective non-randomized controlled experimental study were carried out in 8 Women & Children's Hospital in Sichuan Province, including 1 municipal hospital and 3 county (district) hospitals as the intervention group and the other 1 municipal hospital and 3 county (district) hospitals as the control group. The intervention group received EENC and the control group received routine newborn care. Clinical data were collected after delivery and at the age of 1- and 3-month, including breastfeeding method, umbilical cord separation time, pneumonia, sepsis and diarrhea. Health outcome of the two groups were compared. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0.Results:There are 91.1% (278/305) of the newborns in the intervention group completed their first breastfeeding before their first mother-baby skin contact, compared with 33.3% (36/108) in the control group ( P<0.001). Exclusive breastfeeding rate before discharge in the intervention group was higher than the control group [(74.5% (228/306) vs. 55.0% (177/322), P<0.001]. The incidences of re-hospitalization and referred to other hospitals due to illness was lower in intervention group than the control group within 1 month of age [7.0% (19/272) vs. 13.3% (37/278), P=0.014]; Umbilical cord separation time in the intervention group was earlier than the control group [(8.3±2.9) d vs. (10.5±3.3) d, P<0.001]; No significant differences existed in the incidences of umbilical cord infection, pneumonia and diarrhea between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of diarrhea in intervention group was higher than that the control group at 3 months of age ( P<0.05); No significant differences existed in the incidences of pneumonia and re-hospitalization and referred to other hospitals due to illness between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no sepsis case in the two groups. Conclusions:EENC may improve exclusive breastfeeding rate before discharge, reduce the incidences of referral/hospitalization within 1 month and shorten the umbilical cord separation time without causing more infections.
RESUMO
Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of the co-administration of γ-aminobutyric acid (CABA), sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate (Na-DMPS) and vitamin B6 in large doses on liver and heart of rats with acute tetramine intoxication, and compare their separate effects of either GABA or Na-DMPS alone with those of the triad combination. Method Thirty rats were randomized into control group (n = 6), tetramine intoxication without treatment group (n = 6), tetramine intoxication treated with GABA group (n = 6), tetramine intoxication treated with Na-DMPS group (n = 6) and tetramine intoxication treated with triad combination (GABA + Na-DMPS + vitamin B6, GNDV n = 6) group. Samples of blood, liver tissue and heart tissue of rats with acute tetramine intoxication were collected immediately two hours after medication with different drugs. Serum alanine aminotrasferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) were measured, and the pathological changes of liver tissue and heart tissue were observed under microscope. Results The symptoms of poisoning were apparently relieved and the latency for convulsion/muscular twitch were obviously delayed in poisoned rats treated with GABA, Na-DMPS and GNDV separately. Furthermore, combination group showed the latent period delayed longer than either GABA or Na-DMPS groups The GABA, Na-DMPS and GNDV significantly lowered the serum levels of ALT, AST, CK and CK-MB in rats with tetramine intoxication, and those serum levels of enzymes were lower in GNDV group than those in either GABA group or Na-DMPS group. However, there were no difference in those serum enzymes between GABA group and Na-DMPS group. Moreover, the intoxicated rats treated with combination treatment had the slightest pathological changes in liver and heart (GNDV < GABA or Na-DMPS). Conclusions The co-administration of γ-aminobutyric acid, sodium demercaptopropane sulfonate and vitamin B6 in large doses for the treatment of tetramine intoxication is a method of choice.