Pharmacokinetic behavior and brain tissue distribution of paeoniflorin combined with normal and toxic doses of strychnine in rats after percutaneous administration / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to establish a rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneously determining the content of strychnine and paeoniflorin in plasma and brain tissue of rats, and compare the pharmacokinetic behavior and brain tissue distribution of paeoniflorin combined with normal and toxic doses of strychnine in rats after percutaneous administration. Compared with those in the toxic-dose strychnine group, the AUC_(0-t), AUC_(0-∞), and C_(max) of strychnine decreased by 51.51%, 45.68%, and 46.03%, respectively(P<0.01), and the corresponding values of paeoniflorin increased by 91.41%, 102.31%, and 169.32%, respectively(P<0.01), in the compatibility group. Compared with the normal-dose strychnine group, the compatibility group showed insignificantly decreased C_(max), AUC_(0-t), and AUC_(0-∞) of strychnine, increased C_(max) and T_(max) of paeoniflorin(P<0.01), 66.88% increase in AUC_(0-t), and 70.55% increase in AUC_(0-∞) of paeoniflorin. In addition, the brain tissue concentration of strychnine decreased and that of paeoniflorin increased after compatibility. The combination of paeoniflorin with normal dose and toxic dose of strychnine can inhibit the percutaneous absorption of strychnine, and greatly promote the percutaneous penetration of paeoniflorin, whereas the interaction mechanism remains to be explored. The UPLC-MS/MS method established in this study is easy to operate and has good precision. It is suitable for in vivo study of pharmacokinetic behavior and brain tissue distribution of paeoniflorin and strychnine after percutaneous administration in rats, which provides reference for the safe and rational clinical use of strychnine and the combined use of drugs, and lays a solid foundation for the development of external preparations containing Strychni Semen.

Research progress on the relationship between IL-37 and periodontitis / 口腔疾病防治

@#Periodontitis is the inflammation of periodontal tissue caused by dental plaque, which absorbs the alveolar bone and cementum. The immune response triggered by CD4+T cells is the key factor for the aggravation of periodontitis. The activation of dendritic cells and the receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand (RANKL) pathway is an important link in the alveolar bone resorption of periodontal tissue. Pro-inflammatory factors such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) also play important roles in the development of periodontitis. Interleukin-37(IL-37), which is a newly discovered cytokine in the IL-1 family, has five shear variants from a to e, among which the clover β-structure encoded by exon 4 plays an important role in the binding of cytokines and the corresponding receptors. IL-37 has strong anti-inflammatory and inhibition of autoimmunity, can enter the nucleus with the help of caspase-1 and bind with Smad proteins to regulate the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes. Extracellular IL-37 can bind to IL-18 binding protein and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory factors. IL-37 can inhibit the progression of periodontitis by inhibiting the RANKL signaling pathway, inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of dendritic cells and CD4+T cells, binding to Smad proteins, and releasing pro-inflammatory factors such as IFN-γ and TNF-α. The IL-37 concentration in periodontal tissue can indicate the progression of periodontitis. Few studies have described the interaction between the anti-inflammatory factor IL-37 and periodontitis. Thus, in this paper, the structure and function of IL-37 and the related factors between IL-37 and periodontitis will be reviewed.

Exercise intensity and the expression of toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear transcription factor-κB in the diabetic liver / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in the livers of diabetic rats after exercise at different intensities.Methods Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (NC),a diabetic group (DM),a low intensity exercise group (LIE),a medium intensity exercise group (MIE) and a high intensity exercise group (HIE),each of 10.The control group was given a normal diet.Type 2 diabetes was induced in the others through feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet,as well as injecting a small dose of streptozotocin intraperitoneally.The three exercising groups swam to 40％,70％ and 100％ of their exhaustion times once a day,6 d/w for 6 weeks.Due to infection,drowning and other reasons,only 8 rats in each of the DM,LIE and MIE groups,as well as 7 in the HIE group survived.After the intervention,body weight,liver weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were tested.The expression of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA in the livers was tested using RT-PCR technology,and the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB protein in the liver was tested using immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the NC group,the average body weight and liver weight of the other four groups decreased significantly,while the FBG and the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA and protein increased significantly.There were significant differences among the exercise groups with the lowest values in the MIE group.Conclusion Six weeks of aerobic exercise can reduce FBG and the level of expression of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA and protein in the liver,at least in rats.The effect of exercise at medium intensity is best.

Laparoscopic surgery for ulcerative colitis / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods The clinical data of 5 cases who underwent laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of ulcerative colitis were reviewed.Results All 5 cases successfully underwent laparoscopic surgery.Among them,4 had total proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anastomosis(IPAA),and 1 had subtotal colectomy plus total proctectomy,and cecum-anal anastomosis.The median operating time was 7.5(6.5-9)h,the median blood loss was 250(150-400)mL,the median time to begin semi-fluid intake after operation was 62(60-86)h,the median time of hospital stay was 12(10-14)d,Postoperative pelvic infection occurred in 1 case,adhesive intestinal obstruction occurred in another case.The median follow-up time was 22(10-34)months,and the average number of daily bowel movement was 6.5(4-10)d;they were relapse-free,and had normal daily living and work at follow-up.Conclusions Laparoscopic surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis is associated with minor trauma and rapid recovery,and is safe and reliable,but further accumulation of cases is required.

Reflect on the existence of the phenomenon of Hongbao / 中国医学伦理学

The reasons what the phenomenon of Hongbao exist are intricate and complex.The existence of the phenomenon of Hongbao blasphemes against the medical care justice,accelerate the relationship between hospital and patients tension.It will be a fact that the Chinese society unable to radical change in established period.We need to reduce the appearance of the phenomenon of Hongbao as many as possible,and prepare for eliminating the unreasonable and unjust social phenomenon finally.

The Feasible Approaches of Improving the Relationship between Doctors and Patients in the point of View of Patients / 中国医学伦理学

At present,the relationship between hospitals and patients is becoming increasingly tense,which makes feasible approaches of benignization of the relationship worthy of probing into.The sample survey shows that a doctor or a nurse who is able to win patients'trust should treat patients equally,respect patients'personality,enhance mutual understanding,regard patients as their relatives,possess noble professional morality and foster a nice individual image.

Discuss Effective Supervision of Rational Use Of Medicine / 中国医学伦理学

Irrational use of medicine has some reasons subjectively and objectively.Under a system of new framework,the key link of achieving rational medical use is that how to strengthen the effeetive regulation.Construeting a scientific surveillance system.innovating monitoring system,intelligent using of modern management techniques,controlling the entire process of the implementation of medicine,to promotion the rational use of medicineprovides a strong institutional guarantee and technical support.

On Mutual Love between Doctors and Patients / 中国医学伦理学

This paper defines the implication of mutual love between doctors and patients,analyzes the tendency and imperfection in present physician-patient relationship,and points out that the mutual love between doctors and patients is the guarantee for a harmonious physician-patient relationship.It is not only a theoretical ideal,but also a practice of medical service.It holds to propose fair and initiative mutual love between doctors and patients in China,realize general love for all individuals by government,and strengthen the sense of love for others among all ranks of populations.

An Investigation Analysis of Medical Ethics Education for Medical Students,Interns and Clinical Doctors / 中国医学伦理学

Currently,medical ethics education is well popularized,yet not popular among medical students,interns or clinical doctors,for which its formalistic teaching content and mode are to blame.To realize its real educative effects,infiltrating medical ethics into the ideological perception among medical students,interns and clinical doctors,besides horizontal expansion in education popularity,more emphasis should be put to grasping and instructing the essence of medical ethics on a vertical level in order to make the recognition of medical ethics education as common sense among medical professionals.