Literature Analysis of 20 Cases of Amiodarone-induced Pulmonary Toxicity / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To summarize general regularity and characteristics of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity,and to provide reference for rational use of amiodarone and avoiding the occurrence of ADR. METHODS:Retrieved from CNKI,VIP and Wanfang database,individual case report literatures about amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity were collected during 1990-2016. The included cases were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:A total of 19 related literatures were collected,involving 20 cases of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity. Among them,the patients older than 60 years old accounted for 75.0% with ratio of male to female 3:1. 75.0% patients had used medicine more than 1 month when pulmonary toxicity occurred. The dose of amiod-arone in 17 patients ranged 200-400 mg/d. Six patients died,accounting for 30.0%. CONCLUSIONS:Pulmonary toxicity induced by amiodarone may be related to patients'gender,age,dose and medication time. The mortality of it is in relative high level. Med-ical staff should pay attention to it,regularly monitor and process it timely.

The effect of theophylline on sleep-disordered breathing in patients with stable chronic congestive heart failure / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in patients with stable, optimally treated chronic congestive heart failure and the effect of short-term oral theophylline therapy on periodic breathing in these patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients with stable, optimally treated chronic congestive heart failure were monitored by polysomnography during nocturnal sleep. The effects of theophylline therapy on periodic breathing associated with stable heart failure were observed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 21) consisted of individuals with 15 episodes of apnea and hypopnea [as determined by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)] per hour or less; Group II (n = 15, 41.7%) individuals had an index of more than 15 episodes per hour. In group II, the AHI varied from 16.8 to 78.8 (42.6 +/- 15.5) in which the obstructive AHI was 11.1 +/- 8.4 and the central AHI was 31.5 +/- 9.6. Group II had significantly more arousals (36.8 +/- 21.3 compared with 19.4 +/- 11.2 in group I) that were directly attributable to episodes of apnea and hypopnea, lower arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (76.7% +/- 4.6% compared with 86.5% +/- 2.8%) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (24.2% +/- 8.8% compared with 31.5% +/- 10.6%). Thirteen patients with compensated heart failure and periodic breathing received theophylline orally (at an average dose of 4.3 mg/kg) for five to seven days. After treatment, the mean plasma theophylline concentration was (11.3 +/- 2.5) micro g/ml. Theophylline therapy resulted in significant decreases in the number of AHI (20.8 +/- 13.2 vs. 42.6 +/- 15.5; P < 0.001) and the number of episodes of central apnea-hypopnea per hour (10.1 +/- 7.6 vs. 31.5 +/- 9.6; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the percentage of total sleep time during which arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO(2)) was less than 90 percent (8.8% +/- 8.6% vs. 23.4% +/- 24.1%; P < 0.05) and the arousals per hour (18.7 +/- 21.2 vs. 36.8 +/- 21.3; P < 0.05) were also lower. There were no significant differences in the characteristics of sleep or obstructive AHI before and after theophylline treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (mainly periodic respiration or cheyne-stokes respiration with central sleep apnea) is high in patients with stable chronic congestive heart failure. The sleep-disordered breathing episodes are associated with severe nocturnal arterial blood oxyhemoglobin desaturation and excessive arousals. In these patients, oral theophylline therapy may reduce the number of episodes of central apnea and hypopnea and the duration of arterial oxyhemoglobin desaturation during nocturnal sleep.</p>

MR imaging diagnosis of acute suppurative osteomyelitis / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate MR imaging diagnosis in acute suppurative osteomyelitis at early stage. Methods The axis, sagittal and coronal planes were performed with Philips 0.5 T superconduct MR scanner on 12 cases of acute suppurative osteomyelitis in lower extremity proved by clinical data 2 to 14 days after onset. Results Abnormal signals in marrow were displayed in all 11 cases 3 to 14 days after onset. No abnormality was found in 1 case 2 days after onset. The interface between normal and abnormal marrow became clear as time going on. The lesion presented as patchy low intensity on T 1WI and high signal on T 2WI. The signal changes were marked especially on STIR. Conclusion MRI was superior to other imaging methods in diagnosis of acute suppurative osteomyelitis.

The Early Diagnostic and Guiding Therapeutic Value of MR Imaging in Children’s Acute Supparative Osteomyelitis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate early diagnostic and guiding therapeutic value of MRI in children’s acute supparative osteomyelitis.Methods The axis,sagittal and coronal planes were performed with Philips 0.5 T superconduct MR scanner in 16 cases with acute suppurative osteomyelitis of lower extremity 2 to 14 days after onset.Results Abnormal signals in marrow were displayed in all 15 cases 3 to 14 days after onset. No abnormality was found in 1 case 2 days after onset. The interface between nomal and abnormal marrow became clear as time going on. The lesion presented as patchy low intensity on T 1WI and high signal on T 2WI. The signal changes were marked especially on STIR. Acording to MR imaging, all cases were divided into abscess type and non-abscess type.Abscess were operated and non-abscess were not. The mean follow up was 1 year, cure rate was 100%.Conclusion MRI is of significant value in early diagnosis and guiding therapy of acute suppurative osteomyelitis.

Appearance of MRI in Tornwaldt′s cyst (report of 18 cases) / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate Tornwaldt′s cyst using MR imaging. Methods 1 452 cases with head MR imaging were reviewed. The signal intensity, shape, and size of the lesions were observed. Results Tornwaldt′s cyst were found in 18 of 1 452 cases (1 24%), all of the 18 cases were isointense to CSF on T 2WI and hyperintense to muscle on T 1WI.Tornwaldt′s cyst were round ( n =13)and ovoid ( n =5). The size of lesions were from 2 mm to 15 mm. There were 15 cases with adenoid hyperplasia. Conclusions Tornwaldt′s cysts occupied 1 24% in routine head MR imaging and were hyperintense to muscle on T 1WI and isointense to CSF ON T 2WI.