Transapical approach under 3D printing guidance for myectomy in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A case report / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#We reported a 26-year-old male who was diagnosed with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular aneurysm. The location of the hypertrophic myocardium and the extent of resection were accurately assessed preoperatively using 3D modeling and printing technology. Myectomy was performed via transapical approach, and the intraoperative exploration was consistent with the description of the preoperative 3D modeling. The patient underwent the surgery successfully without any complications during the hospitalization, and the cardiopulmonary bypass time was 117 min, the aortic cross-clamping time was 57 min, and the hospital stay time was 7 d. The postoperative echocardiography demonstrated left ventricular cavity flow patency. This case provides a reference for the management of patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Eearly outcomes of totally thoracoscopic minimally invasive aortic valve and double valve replacement / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To summarize the early outcomes of totally thoracoscopic minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (AVR) and double valve replacement (DVR). Methods    The clinical data of patients who underwent totally thoracoscopic minimally invasive AVR or DVR in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from April 2020 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into an AVR group and a DVR group according to the surgical method, and the clinical data of the two groups were compared. Results    Finally 22 patients were enrolled, including 14 males and 8 females with an average age of 50.0±11.2 years at operation. Eight patients were degenerative disease, 8 were rheumatic heart disease combined with valvular disease, and 6 were bicuspid aortic valve. Out of the 22 patients, 16 underwent AVR alone, and 6 underwent DVR. All patients completed the operation successfully, and there was no death. Perivalvular leakage during surgery occurred in 2 patients. The average cardiopulmonary bypass time was 187.0±39.9 minutes, and aortic cross-clamping time was 117.0 (99.0, 158.0) minutes. Duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay was 9.5 (4.8, 18.3) hours and 41.0 (34.0, 64.0) hours, respectively. The volume of chest drainage at the first 24 hours after surgery was 214.0±124.6 mL, and the postoperative hospital stay was 5.5 (4.0, 8.3) days. The cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamping time in the DVR group were longer than those in the AVR group, and the volume of chest drainage at 24 hours after surgery was more than that in the AVR group, with a statistical difference (P<0.05). Echocardiography before hospital discharge showed paravalvular leakage in 1 patient. There was no death during follow-up of 5.9±3.0 months. Conclusion    The early outcome of totally thoracoscopic minimally invasive AVR and DVR is satisfactory, and the approach of surgery is worth exploring.

Preliminary clinical outcomes of the domestic Renatus® balloon-expandable valve system for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis: A prospective cohort study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To evaluate the early clinical outcomes of the Renatus® balloon-expandable valve in the treatment of severe aortic stenosis. Methods    From November 2021 to April 2022, a total of 38 patients who received Renatus® balloon-expandable valve for severe aortic stenosis in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were included. There were 22 males and 16 females, with an average age of 73.7±5.3 years. Mean aortic gradient and peak aortic jet velocity at baseline, post-procedure, and follow-up were compared. Clinical outcomes including all-cause mortality, perivalvular leakage, serious adverse cardiovascular events and the occurrence of permanent pacemaker implantation were assessed. Results    All patients completed the procedure successfully without conversion to thoracotomy or perioperative death. The post-implant mean aortic pressure gradient was decreased from 41.5 (27.8, 58.8) mm Hg to 6.0 (3.0, 8.0) mm Hg, and the peak aortic jet velocity was also decreased from 4.1±0.9 m/s to 1.7±0.4 m/s (P<0.001). Pacemakers were required in 2 (5.3%) patients. The median follow-up time was 27.5 (23.0, 87.5) d, with a follow-up rate of 100.0%. The mean aortic gradient was 8.0 (7.0, 10.8) mm Hg and peak aortic jet velocity was 2.0±0.3 m/s, showing significant improvement compared with those in the preoperative period (P<0.001). No severe aortic regurgitation or paravalvular leak was observed. There was no serious cardiovascular adverse event or reoperative event during the study period. Conclusion    Transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the domestic Renatus® balloon-expandable valve system is a safe and effective procedure for selected patients with severe aortic stenosis who are at high risk or not candidates for surgical aortic valve replacement.

Autophagy-targeted DNA vaccine against Japanese encephalitis virus promotes dendritic cell function in BALB/c mice / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of autophagy-targeted DNA vaccine against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) on the immune-related functions of dendritic cells (DCs) in BALB/c mice.Methods:Healthy female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and injected with pcDNA3.1(+ ) empty vector (negative control), pJME plasmid, recombinant pJME-LC3 plasmid muscle, sterile PBS (blank control group) and live attenuated JEV vaccine (positive control group), respectively. The mice were immunized three times with an interval of two weeks. Splenic DCs were isolated two weeks after the last immunization. Immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the expression of the recombinant plasmid in dendritic cells. Expression of major histocompatibility complex Ⅱ (MHC Ⅱ) on DCs and the uptake of FITC-Dextran by DCs were observed by flow cytometry. CCK8 assay was used to detect the effects of DCs on the proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells from allogeneic mice.Results:The expression of plasmid-encoded protein in the DCs of the pJME-LC3 group was significantly higher than that of the pJME, pJME-LC3+ 3-MA and pcDNA3.1(+ ) empty vector groups. The uptake of FITC-Dextran by DCs was significantly enhanced in the pJME-LC3 group than in the other groups ( P<0.05), and the expression of MHC Ⅱ moleculars on DCs was increased in the pJME-LC3 group as well ( P<0.05). The splenic DCs from the mice in the pJME-LC3 group had a stronger effect on the proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells from allogeneic mice that those from other groups ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The recombinant plasmid pJME-LC3 could promote the ability of mouse splenic DCs to present antigen and to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation after immunization, suggesting that the autophagy-targeted recombinant DNA vaccine against JEV could enhance immune responses by affecting the function of DCs in BALB/c mice.

Strenthening entry-exit supervision for protecting natural resources of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

China is highly rich of medicinal plants. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has a long history and is important traditional resources in China. As one of the important strategic resources and the link among all the countries along the ancient "Silk Road", TCM has played important role in economy, politics, society and ecology. With the initiative of the "Belt and Road" in recent years, many natural resources of TCM now are facing the risk of extinction due to more and more frequent trade between China and other countries, also the increase of export has influenced to the stock of TCM. In order to prevent the loss of the resources, strengthen the protection and sustainable use of TCM, our study provided the strategies to the natural resources of TCM's entry-exit supervision from nine aspects, like law and regulation system, based on the analysis of current supervision status quo.

Analysis of characteristics and problems of international trade of wolfberry in China / 中国中药杂志

Wolfberry has important unique medical values as well as edible and commerce values. In this paper,we analyze the characteristics and problems of international trade of wolfberry based on the customs data between 2008 and 2017. During periods of these ten years,the wolfberry was mainly exported with a small proportions of imports. The total export volume increased steadily,reached 82 182. 08 tons and 696. 622 million dollars respectively. Wolfberry came from 31 provinces/autonomous regions and exported to 105 countries and regions through 21 ports. Most of the total exports of wolfberry flew to markets of Asia and Europe,the Ningxia autonomous region was the major export province. Large amount of wolfberry exported through Tianjin port. Compared with the export volume,the import is almost negligible,mainly coming from North Korea,almost all through Changchun port,Jilin province to enter the domestic market. There is a situation of"import of domestic goods". To enhance the international competitiveness of wolf berry industry,we must rely on the fundamental research of wolfberry,speed up the standardization process,strengthen the scientific and technological innovation in wolfberry products,improve the added value and profit of wolfberry.

Influence of Nagoya Protocol on traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

The three objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) are the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of benefit sarising from the utilization of genetic resources.The Nagoya Protocol significantly advances the CBD's third objective by providing a strong basis for greater legal certainty and transparency for both providers and users of genetic resources.In June 2016, the Chinese government approved the accession to the Nagoya Protocol. The implementation of the Nagoya Protocol is bound to greatly influence the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as its development relies on medical biological genetic resources.Both the protection and access of medical biological genetic resources and its related traditional knowledge and the introduction, breeding, biosynthesis and the extraction and modification of effective components of medicinal organism are with the prescribed scope of the Nagoya Protocol. In this study, we simply introduce the background and main contents of the Nagoya Protocol in first. We then explore the relationship between the Nagoya Protocol and the TCM.We also analyze the positive effects on the TCM for China to be one of the parties of the Nagoya Protocol and finally make some proposals for better implementation of the Nagoya Protocol.This study has certain reference significance to the resource economy and management of TCM.

Species diversity of ex-situ cultivated Chinese medicinal plants / 中国中药杂志

Ex-situ conservation is an important means to protect biological genetic resources. Resource protection has received more and more attention with the continuous improvement of the comprehensive utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. In this paper, the research and compilation of the species list of ex-situ cultivated medicinal plants in 12 Chinese Academy of Sciences botanic gardens and 19 specialized medicinal botanic gardens in China were carried out. Based on the Species 2000(2017) and other classification databases, species diversity of medicinal plants ex-situ cultivated in these botanical gardens were analyzed. The study found that there were 16 351 higher plant species in our country, belonging to 276 families and 1 936 genera. Of these, 6 949 specieswere medicinal plants, accounting for 50.4% of the total medicinal plants. There were 1 280 medicinal plants were in threatened status, accounting for 19.6% of all threatened species in the Chinese Biodiversity Red List, with ex-situ cultivated proportion of 59.5%. And 3 988 medicinal plants were Chinese endemic species, accounting for 22.5% of all Chinese endemic species, with ex-situ cultivated proportion of 53.3%. This article has reference significance for the management and protection of medicinal plant resources.

Discussion of price forecasting of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma based on ARIMA model / 中国中药杂志

Based on the analysis of price fluctuations on Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, this paper takes advantage of the price data of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma which specification is 120 from January 2004 to August 2015, using autoregressive integrated moving average model [ARIMA (p, d, q)] forecasting the price of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma from September 2015 to August 2016. In the process of determining the form of model, the stability test used to determine the model of p, and the autocorrelation function and particles autocorrelation functions to identify the p and q of model. According to test the model, the forecast minimum error model was identified. In this paper, ARIMA (2,1,3) model was used to predict next year's price of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, for providing information for Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma growers, pharmaceutical companies.

Current status and prospects of traditional Chinese medicine resource ex-situ conservation / 中国中药杂志

Protection of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) resources is the foundation of sustainable development of TCM industry, which includes the in-situ and ex-situ conservation. The development of TCM resource ex-situ conservation was reviewed, and hotpots in the conservation and its development practices were analyzed. Therefore national TCM resource ex-situ conservation systems were proposed, including the establishment of TCM resources introduction gardens, TCM resource in vitro conservation library and TCM resource bio-information sharing platform, rational distribution of TCM resources ex-situ conservation agencies, along with the advancement of TCM varieties breeding, and the perfection of Chinese herbal medicines seed and seedlings market, which are of significant importance on the guidance of TCM resource ex-situ conservation development.

Study of change in activity of hepatic drug metabolism enzymes in rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress / 药学学报

This study aimed to explore the impact of depression caused by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on in vivo activity of six kinds of CYP450 isoforms in rats. According to 'Katz' method, the model of CUMS was established. Tolbutamide, chlorzoxazone, theophylline, midazolam, omeprazole and dextromethorphan were chosen as probe substrates of CYP2C6, CYP2E1, CYP1A2, CYP3A2, CYP2D1 and CYP2D2 of rats. Plasma concentration of six kinds of CYP450 in control group and model group were determined by LC-MS/MS and computed pharmacokinetic parameters. Consequently, metabolism of theophylline and chlorzoxazone accelerated significantly (P < 0.01), but tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, omeprazole and midazolam had no significant difference. The present study proved that depression caused by CUMS had strong induction to CYP1A2 and medium induction to CYP2E1.

3D video-assisted thoracoscopic cardiac surgery, a report of 50 cases / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To evaluate safety and validity of 3D video-assisted thoracoscopic technology in cardiac surgery.Methods Between October 2013 and July 2014,50 patients underwent 3 D Video-assisted thoracoscopic cardiac surgery including:5 atrial septal defect closure,1 ventricular septal defect closure,repairment of 1 unroofed coronary sinus,1 partial atrioventricular septal defect and 1 cor triatriatum,28 mitral valve replacement (1 re-MVR),1 tricuspid valve replacement,9 mitral valvuloplasty,2 left atrial myoxoma resection,and 1 left internal mammary artery harvest + minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass.All procedures were performed under extracorporeal circulation,using 30° thoracoscope and 3D high resolution monitor.Results There was no perioperative death.One patient was converted to median sternotomy because of pericardial adhesions.Mean operative time was(232.8 ± 54.7) min,mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was(128.0 ±42.5) min,mean aortic cross-clamp time was (74.7 ± 25.1) min.Mean ICU stay was (30.4 ± 22.0) h,mean duration of mechanical ventilation was(13.7 ± 11.9) h.Mean postoperative drainage time was (3.34 ± 1.91) d,mean hospital stay was (6.52 ± 3.06) days.There were 11 (22％) operative complications,including 4 intrathoracic bleeding,1 wound infection,3 hemothorax,1 brachial plexus injury,1 intractable hiccup and 1 mild paravalvular leakage.Compared with 20 mitral valve replacement by 2D thoracoscopy,the 3 D group was slightly less time consuming(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion 3 D video-assisted thoracoscopic cardiac surgery is feasible and safe,and it' s worthwhile to promote this promising technology.

Lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus thoracotomy for clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-center comparative study / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To compare safety,completeness and long-term results between lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) and thoracotomy for clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Between July 2010 and December 2011,673 patients with clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ NSCLC from 11 hospitals underwent pulmonary lobectomy(425 VATS,248 thoracotomy).Patients were matched by propensity score matoh method to create two comparable groups,402 patients remained eligible for analysis,with 201 patients in each group.Perioperative variables and follow-up results were compared between the two groups.Results Patients characteristics were comparable between the two groups,except for a slight lower preoperative FEV1,FEV1％ and FEV1/FVC in the VATS group (P ＜ 0.05).There was one postoperative death in each group.There was no significant difference in operative time,mediastinal lymph nodes stations/numbers dissected and postoperative drainage time between the two groups.The operative blood loss was lower in the VATS group(P ＜ 0.001),the mean hospital stay was shorter in the VATS group(P ＜ 0.001).Postoperative pneumonia/pulmonary atelectasis rate was lower in the VATS group than in the thoracotomy group (5.1％ vs.10.4％,P ＜ 0.05).Median follow-up time was 20 months in both groups.One-year and two-year recurrence-free survival was 90％ vs.88％ and 80％ vs.70％,respectively(P =0.163).One-year and two-year overall survival were 96％ vs.95％ and 88％ vs.85％,respectively(P =0.226).Conclusion For clinical stage Ⅰ / Ⅱ NSCLC,VATS lobectomy is a feasible procedure with shorter hospital stay and less complications,while its surgical and oncologic outcome is comparable to that of thoracotomy lobectomy.

Study on determination of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid in rat plasma and their pharmacokinetics with LC-MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

To establish a LC-MS/MS method to determine caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid in rat plasma and study their pharmacokinetics in rats. Six Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenously injected with 4 mL x kg(-1) of Dengzhanxixin injection, respectively. Their drug plasma concentration was determined by LC-MS/MS, with tinidazole as an internal standard. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 1.0. The linear concentration ranges of caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid were 2-128 microg x L(-1) (r = 0.998 1) and 3-384 microg x L(-1) (r = 0.998 7), respectively. The methodological test showed conformance to the requirements. The intraday and inter-day variable coefficients were both less than 10.0%, indicating that both of legitimate precise and accuracy were in conformity with the requirements of biological sample analysis. For caffeic acid, the pharmacokinetic parameter t1/2beta AUC0-t, and CL were (130.91 +/- 38.77) min, (4.89 +/- 0.96) mg x min x L(-1) and (0.12 +/- 0.02) L x min(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. For chlorogenic acid, the pharmacokinetic parameter t1/2beta , AUC0-t, and CL were (49.38 +/- 8.85) min, (9.54 +/- 0.95) mg x min x L(-1) and (0.09 +/- 0.003) L x min(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. The LC-MS/MS analysis method established in this study was proved to be so accurate and sensitive that it can be applied to the pharmacokinetic study of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid.