Influence of diethyl sulfate (DES) mutagenesis on growth properties and pigment secondary metabolites of Phellinus igniarius / 中国中药杂志

The diethyl sulfate (DES) mutagenesis was chosen for the mutagenic treatment to Phellinus igniarius, and the relationship of mutagenesis time and death rate was investigated with 0.5% DES. The differences of mycelial growth speed, liquid fermentation mycelia biomass, morphology and pigment classes of secondary metabolites production speed and antioxidant activities of metabolite products were discussed. The study displayed that DES mutagenesis could change mycelial morphology without obvious effect on mycelium growth, and the DES mutagenesis improved antioxidant activities of the active ingredients of P. igniarius and had more antioxidant activity of hypoxia/sugar PC12 nerve cells than that of P. igniarius.

Expression and clinical significance of DAPK1 and CD147 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the amplification and expression status of DAPK1 and CD147 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their relationship with the prognosis of ESCC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression and amplification of DAPK1 and CD147 in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissue and normal esophageal mucosa. Statistical analysis of the clinocopathological data was performed with SPSS 11.5 software package.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates of expression of DAPK1 protein and CD147 protein in the specimens of esophageal carcinoma were 31.3% and 58.5%, and in normal esophageal mucosa 57.5% and 25.0%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The expressions of DAPK1 and CD147 were significant correlated with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and the degree of cancer differentiation. (P < 0.05). The negative expression of DAPK1 and positive expression of CD147 indicated a poor prognosis. In 52 ESCC cases, the expression of DAPK1 in cancer tissues was 0.236 ± 0.049, and 0.395 ± 0.058 in normal esophageal mucosa, while that of CD147 mRNA expression was 0.942 ± 0.204 and 0.821 ± 171, respectively, statistically both with a very significant difference (P < 0.01). There was a higher expression level of DAPK1 mRNA in the cancer tissue in patients with no lymph node metastasis, well differentiation, and earlier pathological stage, and a higher expression level of CD147 mRNA in the cancer tissues in patients with lymph node metastasis, poor differentiation, and later pathological stage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of DAPK1 and CD147 proteins is closely correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of ESCC. The genes DAPK1 and CD147 may participate in the metastasis and apoptosis of ESCC. The expression of DAPK1 and CD147 may be used as important prognostic predictors in ESCC.</p>

Long-term therapeutic effects of total gastrectomy in cancer of the cardia and stomach fundus / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate total gastrectomy for the treatment of cancer of the cardia and stomach fundus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five hundred and thirteen patients with cancer of the cardia and stomach fundus underwent radical resection. Of them, 326 were treated using total gastrectomy (group TG); and 187, using proximal gastrectomy (group PG). The 5-year and 10-year survival rates and the postoperative complication rate and mortality rate were followed up and compared in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 5-year and 10-year survival rates of group TG were 43.6% and 24.5%, of group PG were 33.9% and 14.1%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (chi(2) = 4.421, P < 0.05, chi(2) = 5.726, P < 0.05). The postoperative complication rate and mortality rate of group TG were 14.7% and 3.1%, of group PG were 10.2% and 2.1%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (chi(2) = 1.796, P > 0.05, chi(2) = 0.082, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>To improve long-term therapeutic effects, total gastrectomy should be recommended for stage III patients with cancer of the cardia and stomach fundus when tumor size is bigger than 3.0 cm or lymph node metastasis occur. The postoperative complication rate and mortality rate should not be increased and the esophagitis of gastroesophageal reflux should be avoided in the patients treated using total gastrectomy.</p>

A prospective randomized study on the method of reconstruction after total gastrectomy / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To find an ideal reconstruction method after total gastrectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With 12 healthy persons as control, a total of 120 gastric cancer patients received their digestive tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy were randomized into Roux-en-y esophagojejunostomy group (A), P pouch with Roux-en-y esophagojejunostomy group (B), Hunt-Lawrence esophagojejunostomy group (C), and jejunal interposition esophagojejunostomy group (D). After operation, quality of life, prognosis nutrition index (PNI), body weight, serum nutritional parameters, gastrointestinal hormone level and immunological state were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The quality of life, PNI, body weight and serum nutritional parameters (SI, TS and Hb) were better in group D than those in groups A, B and C (P < 0.05). The cholecystokinin (CCK) level and NK cell, CD(4)(+) cell, CD(8)(+) cell and CD(4)/CD(8) ratio in group D, being similar to the control group, were significantly higher than groups A, B and C (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Modified jejunal interposition esophagojejunostomy is a reasonable reconstruction method. The construction of "P" pouch, reserving foods as the stomach, can preserve the duodenal passage and secretion of the gastrointestinal hormones, which results in better digestion of the food and absorption of the nutrients. This method simplifies the operation and guarantee the blood supply of interpositioned jejunum without causing ischemia at the anastomotic orifice.</p>

Therapeutic effects of operation in tumor invades adjacent structures cancer of cardia and stomach fundus / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the best style of operation in the treatment of tumor invades adjacent structures (T(4)) cancer of the cardia and stomach fundus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and one patients with T(4) cancer of the cardia and stomach fundus underwent operation. Of them, 31 were treated by laparotomy, and 170 by combined resection of the involved organs. The 3- and 5-year survival rates and the postoperative complication rate and mortality rate were analyzed in the patients who had under gone combined resection of the involved organs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival of the patients undergoing combined resection of the involved organs (29.3 months) was significantly longer than that of those receiving laparotomy (4.9 months). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of 170 patients who had under gone combined resection of the involved organs were 46.2% and 22.8%, respectively. The 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients undergoing total gastrectomy and proximal gastrectomy were 54.9% and 29.2% and 32.2% and 12.5%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (chi(2) = 7.589, P < 0.01;chi(2) = 5.792, P < 0.05).The postoperative mortality rate and complication rate were 4.1% and 24.1%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patients without liver metastasis, widespread nodal involvement, peritoneal dissemination and local focus allowed by an en bloc combined resection in T(4) cancer of cardia and stomach fundus should undergo gastrectomy with a combined resection of the involved organs. Total gastrectomy should be performed to improve the curative effect.</p>