Simultaneous Determination of 7 Effective Components in Yao Medicine Yueli Yaomi Spray by QAMS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish QAMS method for simultaneou s determination of 7 effective components in Yao medicine Yueli yaomi spray ，such as α-cyperone，α-pinene，β-pinene，limonene，β-elemene，caryophyllene oxide and ligustilide ， so as to provide method reference for the quality control of the preparation. METHODS ：GC method was adopted. The determination was performed on DB- 1701P capillary column ，using nitrogen as carrier gas. The temperature of the hydrogen flame ion detector was 240 ℃. The temperature was programmed ，the inlet temperature was 240 ℃，the injection volume was 1 μL and the split ratio was 20 ∶ 1. Using limonene as internal reference ，the relative correction factors of other 6 components were calculated，the contents of them were calculated with relative correction factors ，and then compared with the results of internal standard method （using naphthalene as internal standard ）. RESULTS ：The mass concentration linear range of α-cyperone， α-pinene，β-pinene，limonene，β-elemene，caryophyllene oxide and ligustilide were 0.008 9-1.110 0，0.028 3-3.540 0，0.020 5- 2.560 0，0.023 0-2.880 0，0.016 3-2.035 0，0.013 1-1.640 0，0.008 3-1.040 0 mg/mL（all r＞0.999 0）；the limits of quantification were 0.005 6，0.013 1，0.011 4，0.018 6，0.010 8，0.008 9，0.004 5 mg/mL；the detection limits were 0.001 9，0.004 1，0.003 7， 0.006 2，0.003 5，0.002 9，0.001 5 mg/mL；RSDs for precision ，stability（24 h），and repeatability tests were all less than 2％ （n＝5 or n＝6）； the average recoveries were 98.48％ ， 014） 101.37％，97.96％，99.80％，102.79％，97.77％，102.14％， and RSDs were all lower than 2％（n＝9），respectively. The average relative correction factors of α-cyperone，α-pinene， β-pinene，β-elemene，caryophyllene oxide and ligustilide were 1.045 8，0.621 0，0.488 5，0.382 9，0.708 9，0.956 9 respectively，and the RSDs were all lower than 2％（n＝6）. There wa s no statistical significance in contents of 7 components between QAMS method and internal standard method （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The established QAMS method is simple ， accurate，stable and reproducible ，and can be used for simultaneous determination for 7 components in Yueli yaomi spray.

Multifunctional polymeric micelle-based chemo-immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade for efficient treatment of orthotopic and metastatic breast cancer

Immunotherapy has become a highly promising paradigm for cancer treatment. Herein, a chemo-immunotherapy was developed by encapsulating chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and Toll-like receptor 7 agonist imiquimod (IMQ) in low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)-d--tocopheryl succinate (TOS) micelles (LT). In this process, LMWH and TOS were conjugated by ester bond and they were not only served as the hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments of the carrier, but also exhibited strong anti-metastasis effect. The direct killing of tumor cells mediated by DOX-loaded micelles (LT-DOX) generated tumor-associated antigens, initiating tumor-specific immune responses in combination with IMQ-loaded micelles (LT-IMQ). Furthermore, the blockade of immune checkpoint with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody further elevated the immune responses by up-regulating the maturation of DCs as well as the ratios of CD8 CTLs/T and CD4 T/T. Therefore, such a multifunctional strategy exhibited great potential for inhibiting the growth of orthotopic and metastatic breast cancer.

Testify patient's blood electrolyte concentration a tendency to approach that of replacement-fluid in continuous renal replacement therapy / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To prove with mathematical formula that the patient's blood electrolyte concentration shows a tendency to approach that of replacement-fluid after continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Methods Electrolyte concentration of plasma,replacement-fluid and returning fluid were compared,and they were labeled as Cblood,Cnom,and Creturn respectively.The Creturn was calculated,and the relationship among them was demonstrated with comparison by mathematical formula.At last,according to their relationship,plasma change towards to the replacement fluid was analyzed.Results It was showed that Cblood＜Creturn＜Cnom or Cblood＞Creturn＞ Cnom,and according the relationship,it was derive that the trend of change in Cblood after circulation for m unit time was Cblood1 ＞Cblood2 ＞Cblood3 ＞ … ＞Cbloodm ＞Cblood or Cblood1 ＜ Cblood2 ＜Cblood3 ＜ … ＜Cbloodm ＜Cnom.The plasma electrolyte concentration would close to that of replacement fluid infinitely with the continue of CRRT.Conclusions With mathematical model,it is proved that the replacement fluid electrolyte concentration is the final target of the plasma.We must make up the replacement fluid correctly.And this results provide the basis for CRRT treatment of electrolyte disorder.