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OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of different extracts from Tylophora yunnanensis on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis （NASH）. METHODS Normal human liver LO2 cells were induced to steatosis by free fatty acid， then were divided into normal group， model group， silybin group （100 μmol/mL）， T. yunnanensis ethanol extracts （TYS） group （50 μg/mL）， T. yunnanensis ethyl acetate extracts （TYSA） group （50 μg/mL）， and T. yunnanensis n-butanol extracts （TYSB） group （50 μg/mL）. After 24 hours of drug intervention， the deposition of lipid droplets was observed in LO2 cells in each group. The contents of total cholesterol （TC）， triacylglycerol （TG）， malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH）， the activities of aspartate transaminase （AST）， alanine transaminase （ALT） and superoxide dismutase （SOD）， the mRNA expressions of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1（ Keap1）， nuclear factor E2-related factor 2（ Nrf2） and heme oxygenase 1（ HO- 1） were detected. NASH rat model was induced by a high-fat diet， and then divided into normal group， model group， silybin group （12.6 mg/kg）， TYS group （80 mg/kg）， TYSA group （80 mg/kg） and TYSB group （80 mg/kg）， with six rats in each group. The liver indexes of rats in each group were calculated after 6 weeks of drug intervention. The liver histopathological changes were observed， and the contents of TC， TG， HDL-C and LDL-C， AST and ALT activities in serum， the contents of MDA and GSH， SOD activities in liver tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， TYS， TYSA and TYSB could reduce lipid droplet deposition， intracellular TC， TG and MDA contents， AST and ALT activities， and increase SOD activity， GSH content， and Keap1， Nrf2， HO-1 mRNA expression levels in LO2 cells after steatosis to varying degrees， with some differences being statistically significant （P＜0.05）. They also significantly improved liver injury in NASH model rats， reduced their liver indexes， TC， TG， LDL-C and MDA contents， AST and ALT 1-042） activities， and increased HDL-C （except for TYS and TYSB）， GSH contents and SOD activity， with TYSA having the most significant effect （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS TYS， TYSA and TYSB have a certain improvement effect on NASH， among which TYSA has the most obvious effect. Its mechanism of action may be related to upregulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress
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Objective:To analyze the causes and risks of in-hospital death in geriatric patients with hip fracture.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed were the data of 1,878 elderly patients with hip fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from May 2015 to December 2017. There were 543 males and 1,335 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1∶2.5 and a mean age of 79.6 years (from 65 to 105 years). There were 988 (52.6%) femoral neck fractures, 850 (45.3%) intertrochanteric fractures, and 40 (2.1%) femoral subtrochanteric fractures. 94.8% of the patients (1,781/1,878) received surgery. Cases of in-hospital death were recorded and their causes analyzed. The Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress (E-PASS) and the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) were used to assess the in-hospital deaths. The accuracy of these 2 assessment tools was validated on a small scale.Results:Thirteen in-hospital deaths were recorded, giving an in-hospital mortality of 0.69% (13/1,878). The direct causes of death were pulmonary infection in 7 cases, acute myocardial infarction in 2 cases, acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis in 2 cases, acute respiratory distress syndrome in one, and suspected acute pulmonary embolism in one. Thirteen patients died, yielding a rate of in-hospital death of 5.3%±2.8% by E-PASS and that of 9.3%±4.0% by NHFS which were statistically different ( t=2.596, P=0.023). Conclusions:As geriatric patients with hip fracture are at a high risk of perioperative pulmonary infection, vigilance and early prevention are required during treatment. Care should be taken to monitor cardiovascular events and blood glucose, and stress ulcers should be prevented. The NHFS is recommended to assess the risks of in-hospital death in geriatric patients with hip fracture.
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OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects of different polar parts fro m total f lavonoids of Scutellaria amoena on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）model rats. METHODS The total flavonoids of S. amoena （SAF）were extracted by reflux extraction with ethanol ，suspended with water ，and then extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order to obtain the extraction parts of SAF （recorded as SAFA and SAFB respectively ）. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into normal group （n＝ 6）and modeling group （n＝30）. Modeling group was given high-lipid diet to induce NAFLD model. After modeling ，modeling group was randomly divided into model group （normal saline ），fenofibrate group （positive control ，20 mg/kg），SAF group （300 mg/kg），SAFA group （300 mg/kg）and SAFB group （300 mg/kg）；they were given relevant intragastical administration ，once a day，for consecutive 6 weeks. After last administration ，the liver index was calculated ；the levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triacylglycerol（TG），aspartate transaminase （AST），alanine transaminase （ALT），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in serum ，the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD），glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px），malondialdehyde（MDA），interleukin-1β（IL-1β），IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in liver tissue were detected；the pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were observed. RESULTS Compared with normal group ，the liver index ， the levels of TC ，TG，AST，ALT，LDL-C，MDA，IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α in serum/liver tissue of model group were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the levels of HDL-C，SOD and GSH-Px were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，except there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of HDL-C and ALT in SAFA group （P＞0.05），above indexes in serum/liver tissue of rats in groups of polar parts from total flavonoids of S. amoena were significantly improved （P＜0.05）；inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty vacuoles in liver tissue were significantly improved. Compared with SAF group and SAFA group ，the levels of TC，TG，AST，MDA，IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased significantly in SAFB group（P＜0.05），while the level of SOD was increased significantly （P＜0.05）；pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were improved more significantly. CONCLUSIONS Each polar part from total flavonoids of S. amoena can improve NAFLD by regulating oxidative stress and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors. The n-butanol polar part has more obvious effect .
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The integration of artificial intelligence into the medical field is developing rapidly and has achieved ground-breaking advances in the diagnosis, treatment, and efficacy evaluation of imaging medicine. This article reviews the research advances in artificial intelligence in imaging diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and its performance in evaluating treatment outcome and predicting prognosis in combination with clinical features and looks forward to how artificial intelligence can be better used in the practice of hepatocellular carcinoma imaging in the era of growing clinical needs and rapid advances in diagnosis and treatment techniques.
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Immune checkpoints are the crucial regulators of immune system and play essential roles in maintaining self-tolerance, preventing autoimmune responses, and minimizing tissue damage by regulating the duration and intensity of the immune response. Furthermore, immune checkpoints are usually overexpressed in cancer cells or noninvasive cells in tumor tissues and are capable of suppressing the antitumor response. Based on substantial physiological analyses as well as preclinical and clinical studies, checkpoint molecules have been evaluated as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of multiple types of cancers. In the last few years, extensive evidence has supported the immunoregulatory effects of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). The main advantage of TCMs and natural medicine is that they usually contain multiple active components, which can act on multiple targets at the same time, resulting in additive or synergistic effects. The strong immune regulation function of traditional Chinese medicine on immune checkpoints has also been of great interest. For example,
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OBJECTIVE：To study the antioxidan t activity and lipid-lowering effect of ethanol extract and its different solvent extracts from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria amoena . METHODS ：The stem and leaves of S. amoena was extracted with 95％ ethanol to obtain ethanol extract ，and then extracted with petroleum ，ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain corresponding different solvent extracts. Using vitamin C （Vc）as positive control ，the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract ，petroleum ether extract ， ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena were determined by hydroxyl radical ，superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical scavenging method ，and the IC 50 was calculated. Steatosis L 02 hepatocyte model was established with fat emulsion. Using fenofibrate （20 μg/mL）as positive control ，the effects of high and low concentration （100 and 50 μg/mL） ethanol extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena on the contents of TC and TG in cells were investigated. RESULTS ：The order of scavenging ability to hydroxyl radicals was n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract＞Vc＞ethanol extract ＞petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.15，0.17，0.35，0.75，1.17 mg/mL，respectively. The order of scavenging ability to superoxide anion radical was Vc ＞n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract ＞ethanol extract ＞ petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.034，0.55，0.75，3.32，3.73 mg/mL，respectively. The order of DPPH scavenging ability to DPPH radical was Vc ＞n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract ＞ethanol extract ＞petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.003 2，0.028，0.033，0.048，0.057 mg/mL， respectively. The ethanol extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena could significantly decrease the contents of TC and TG in steatosis L 02 hepatocytes （P＜0.01）. The order of lipid-lowering ability was n-butanol extract （low dose ）≈fenofibrate＞ethyl acetate extract （high dose ）＞ethanol extract （high dose ）＞ n-butanol extract （high dose ）＞ethyl acetate extract （low dose ）＞ethanol extract （low dose ）. CONCLUSIONS ：The ethanol extract ， petroleum ether extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena show good antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect （except for petroleum ether extract ）. Ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract possess the strongest antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect.
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Objective@#To understand changes and characteristics of bone mineral density(BMD)and early-stage bone turnover biochemical markers in elderly hip fracture patients of different genders.@*Methods@#This was a retrospective cohort study.A total of 1 161 elderly patients with hip fractures hospitalized in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from May 2015 to December 2017 were enrolled.Based on gender, patients were divided into the female group(n=831)and the male group(n=330). Clinical data, BMD, serum type I procollagen amino terminal propeptide(P1NP), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)VD3], type I collagen cross-linked carboxy terminal peptide beta degradation products(β-CTX), osteocalcin(OC)and parathyroid hormone(PTH)were measured and compared between the two groups.@*Results@#Of the 1 161 elderly patients with hip fractures, 831 were female and 330 were male.The BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the total hip in the female and male groups showed that 30.4%(353/1 161)and 6.8%(79/1 161)had T≥-1.0 SD respectively; 36.6%(425/1 161)and 44.7%(519/1 161)had -2.5 SD<T<-1.0 SD; and 33.0%(383/1 161)and 48.5%(563/1 161)had T≤-2.5 SD respectively.The sensitivity of the hip BMD T value was better than that of lumbar vertebrae(P<0.05). Female BMD was significantly lower than that of male BMD(P<0.05). The BMD T values, which were significantly related to age, were recorded at the femoral neck and the total hip(femoral neck was better than total hip)for males and at total hip(the total hip T value is the most strongly related index)for females; (2)In the early stage of elderly hip fractures, 25-(OH)VD3 was significantly lower than normal, and bone resorption and bone formation indexes were not significantly increased(P>0.05). The levels of tP1NP, β-CTX, OC and PTH in females were higher than those in males, and the level of 25-(OH)VD3 was lower than that in males(all P<0.05). As the T value decreased, β-CTX and OC increased and 25-(OH)VD3 decreased accordingly(all P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#With the increase of age, the BMD T value in elderly patients with hip fractures shows a downward trend, but its decline in women is faster and earlier.Overall, the BMD T value is not sensitive enough for osteoporosis diagnosis or hip fracture prediction in the elderly, especially in men.In the early stage of fractures, the bone turnover biochemical markers show varying degrees of change, and bone resorption and bone formation are both reduced.The significance of OC, β-CTX and VD levels in early bone metabolic abnormalities requires further study.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between the muscle mass loss and severe postoperative pulmonary complications(PPC)in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Elderly patients with NSCLC undergoing lobectomy at the Lung Cancer Institute and the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were recruited from Feb.2019 to Dec.2019.Data of the body composition, lung function, respiratory muscle strength test, cardiopulmonary exercise test were collected before operation.All patients were grouped into two groups: with versus without severe PPC at 30 d after operation.The differences of the above parameters were compared between the two groups.A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for severe PPC.Results:In this study, 120 elderly NSCLC patients undergoing lobectomy were recruited, All evaluations were completed in 113 patients(aged 68.13±7.01 years)in whom, 21(18.58%, 21/113)patients had serious PPC.Compared with patients without PPC, patients with severe PPC had a lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI)(5.67±0.90 kg/m 2vs.7.71±1.40 kg/m 2, t=3.900, P=0.001), a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV 1)(1.85±0.40 L vs.2.12±0.57 L, t=2.412, P=0.027), a lower maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMF)(1.40±0.69 L/s vs.2.11±1.09 L/s, t=2.502, P=0.021), a lower maximum inspiratory pressure(Pimax)(55.13±32.52 cmH 2O vs.64.71±20.60, t=0.778, P=0.047, 1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa), a lower maximal oxygen consumption(Vo 2max)(1.14±0.41 L/min vs.1.40±0.34 L/min, t=0.779, P=0.046), a lower peak O 2 consumption(Vo 2max@kg)(20.00±1.91 L·min -1·kg -1vs.22.33±2.37 L·min -1·kg -1, t=0.813, P=0.041). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that in addition to FEV 1( OR=2.824, 95% CI: 1.127-5.158, P=0.001)and Vo 2max@kg( OR=3.149, 95%CI: 1.829-6.592, P<0.001), ASMI was also an independent risk factor for serious PPC( OR=1.919, 95% CI: 1.604-3.466, P=0.006), in which the best cut-off value was 6.295 kg/m 2, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.816 and 0.818 respectively, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)was 0.887(95% CI: 0.793-0.981, P<0.0001). Conclusions:Muscle mass loss can increase the risk for the occurrence of severe PPC within 30 days after lobectomy in elderly patients with NSCLC.
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Objective To understand changes and characteristics of bone mineral density(BMD)and early-stage bone turnover biochemical markers in elderly hip fracture patients of different genders.Methods This was a retrospective cohort study.A total of 1 161 elderly patients with hip fractures hospitalized in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from May 2015 to December 2017 were enrolled.Based on gender,patients were divided into the female group (n =831) and the male group (n =330).Clinical data,BMD,serum type Ⅰ procollagen amino terminal propeptide(P1NP),and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH) VD3],type Ⅰ collagen cross linked carboxy terminal peptide beta degradation products (β-CTX),osteocalcin(OC)and parathyroid hormone(PTH)were measured and compared between the two groups.Results Of the 1 161 elderly patients with hip fractures,831 were female and 330 were male.The BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the total hip in the female and male groups showed that 30.4％(353/1 161)and 6.8％(79/1 161)had T≥-1.0 SD respectively;36.6％ (425/1 161)and 44.7％(519/1 161)had-2.5 SD＜T＜-1.0 SD;and 33.0％(383/1 161)and 48.5％(563/1 161)had T≤-2.5 SD respectively.The sensitivity of the hip BMD T value was better than that of lumbar vertebrae(P＜0.05).Female BMD was significantly lower than that of male BMD(P＜0.05).The BMD T values,which were significantly related to age,were recorded at the femoral neck and the total hip(femoral neck was better than total hip)for males and at total hip(the total hip T value is the most strongly related index) for females;(2) In the early stage of elderly hip fractures,25-(OH) VD3 was significantly lower than normal,and bone resorption and bone formation indexes were not significantly increased(P＞0.05).The levels of tP1NP,β-CTX,OC and PTH in females were higher than those in males,and the level of 25-(OH)VD3 was lower than that in males(all P ＜ 0.05).As the T value decreased,β-CTX and OC increased and 25-(OH)VD3 decreased accordingly (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions With the increase of age,the BMD T value in elderly patients with hip fractures shows a downward trend,but its decline in women is faster and earlier.Overall,the BMD T value is not sensitive enough for osteoporosis diagnosis or hip fracture prediction in the elderly,especially in men.In the early stage of fractures,the bone turnover biochemical markers show varying degrees of change,and bone resorption and bone formation are both reduced.The significance of OC,β-CTX and VD levels in early bone metabolic abnormalities requires further study.
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BACKGROUND@#The cardiomyocyte apoptosis is considered as one of major contributions to cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Numerous studies find that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play pivotal roles in a variety of biological functions. However, the role of circ_0068655 in MI and human induced pluripotent stem-derived cardiomyocytes (HCMs) remains unknown. @*METHODS@#The expression of circ_0068655, miR-498, and PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator (PAWR) in human MI heart tissues and hypoxia subjected HCMs was evaluated with qRT-PCR and Western blot. The effects of circ_0068655 on hypoxia-induced apoptotic death and cell migration in HCMs were evaluated with qRT-PCR, cell viability, cell death ELISA (POD), and Caspase-3 activity assay, and Trans-well assay, respectively. Furthermore, luciferase assay, qRT-PCR, biotin-labeled miRNA pulldown assay, and Western blot were employed in the functional studies. @*RESULTS@#We found that the expression of circ_0068655 and PAWR was enhanced in MI patients and hypoxia subjected HCMs; by contrast, the expression of miR-498 decreased. Inhibited expression of circ_0068655 in HMCs counteracted hypoxia-induced apoptotic death and impaired cell migration, in sharp contrast to circ_0068655 knockdown. We identified that circ_0068655 sponged an endogenous miR-498 to sequester and inhibit its activity, leading to the increased PAWR expression. @*CONCLUSIONS@#Our findings reveal that the expression of circ_0068655 can promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the modulation of miR-498-PAWR axis in vitro, which highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic value of circ_0068655 in patients with MI.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the protective effects of Scutellaria amoena enthanol extract and its different solvent parts on liver injury induced by CCl 4. METHODS ：S. amoena was extracted with 95％ ethanol to obtain ethanol extract ，and then was respectively extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain corresponding polar parts. Totally 48 mice were randomly divided into normal group （8 mice）and modeling group （40 mice）. Normal group was given constant volume of olive oil intraperitoneally ， 3 times a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks. Model group was given 30％CCl4-olive oil solution intraperitoneally to induce liver injury model，with initial dose of 5 mL/kg after each 3 mL/kg，3 times a days ，for 6 consecutive weeks. After modeling ，the mice were randomly divided into model group （normal saline ），sylibin group （positive control ，20 mg/kg），S. amoena ethanol extract group （100 mg/kg），S. amoena ethyl acetate group （100 mg/kg），and S. amoena n-butanol group （100 mg/kg），with 8 mice in each group. After they were given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks. The general information during experiment of mice was observed. 1 h after last medication ，the serum contents of TC ，TG，ALT and AST were determined by Enzyme-labelled meter . After HE staining ，the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed and Ishak score was performed. RESULTS：In normal group ，mice had normal activity ，thick and glossy hair ，and the body weight was increased. The liver tissue had no obvious pathological changes. The model group had sparse hair ，and they were emaciated and listlessness ；and body weight （before medication ，1，2 week after medication ）was significantly lower than normal group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with normal g roup，the contents of TC ，TG，ALT and AST in serum were increased significantly （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. The structure of hepatic lobule was severely damaged and had more inflammatory cell infiltration ；the arrangement of hepatic cord FF117（-022）] was disordered and the Ishak score was significantly increased qq.com （P＜0.001）. Compared with model group ，above symptom and liver injury of mice in different administration groups wer improved to different extents. The serum contents of TC ，ALT and AST in silybin group and S. amoena ethyl acetate group ，serum contents of TG in administration groups as well as Ishak scores of liver tissue were decreased significantly in silybin group ，S. amoena ethanol extract group and S. amoena ethyl acetate group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.001）. CONCLUSIONS ：S. amoena ethanol extract and its different solvent parts can protect liver tissue of CCl4-induced liver injury model mice ，and active part is the ethyl acetate part of S. amoena .
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BACKGROUND@#The cardiomyocyte apoptosis is considered as one of major contributions to cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). Numerous studies find that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play pivotal roles in a variety of biological functions. However, the role of circ_0068655 in MI and human induced pluripotent stem-derived cardiomyocytes (HCMs) remains unknown. @*METHODS@#The expression of circ_0068655, miR-498, and PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator (PAWR) in human MI heart tissues and hypoxia subjected HCMs was evaluated with qRT-PCR and Western blot. The effects of circ_0068655 on hypoxia-induced apoptotic death and cell migration in HCMs were evaluated with qRT-PCR, cell viability, cell death ELISA (POD), and Caspase-3 activity assay, and Trans-well assay, respectively. Furthermore, luciferase assay, qRT-PCR, biotin-labeled miRNA pulldown assay, and Western blot were employed in the functional studies. @*RESULTS@#We found that the expression of circ_0068655 and PAWR was enhanced in MI patients and hypoxia subjected HCMs; by contrast, the expression of miR-498 decreased. Inhibited expression of circ_0068655 in HMCs counteracted hypoxia-induced apoptotic death and impaired cell migration, in sharp contrast to circ_0068655 knockdown. We identified that circ_0068655 sponged an endogenous miR-498 to sequester and inhibit its activity, leading to the increased PAWR expression. @*CONCLUSIONS@#Our findings reveal that the expression of circ_0068655 can promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the modulation of miR-498-PAWR axis in vitro, which highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic value of circ_0068655 in patients with MI.
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Objective To assess the risk factors for the occurrence of hypokalemia in patients with hepatic cancer after transcatheter arterial chemoembolizaion (TACE) therapy,and to discuss the corresponding nursing countermeasures.Methods The clinical data of 214 patients with hepatic cancer,who received TACE during the period from August 2014 to February 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The risk factors causing hypokalemia were analyzed.Results Among the 214 patients,post-TACE hypokalemia occurred in 23 (10.7％).The main risk factors that could cause hypokalemia included anorexia,hydration,vomiting,ascites drainage,sweating.After actively symptomatic treatment,the serum potassium level returned to normal in 22 patients.One patient developed hepatic encephalopathy coma complicated by hepatorenal syndrome,the patient's family members gave up treatment and,according to family members' will the patient left hospital.Conclusion anorexia,vomiting,hydration,ascites drainage,sweating are the risk factors that can cause hypokalemia in patients with hepatic cancer after TACE therapy.The use of low potassium risk scale is helpful for the formulation of nursing countermeasures.
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BACKGROUND:More recently, studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can be induced in vitro to differentiate into neuron-like cel s that are used for in vivo transplantation to repair nerve damage. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation on learning and memory ability of senile dementia rats. METHODS:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group, stem cel therapy group and model control group. Rats in the latter two groups were used to establish animal models of senile dementia by intracranial injection ofβ-amyloid 1-40. Three weeks after modeling, rats were given bilateral hippocampal injection of induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension in the stem cel therapy group, whereas no treatment was given in the normal control and model control groups. Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory ability of rats, and rat’s brain tissues were detected pathological y using hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After modeling, the escape latency was higher and the cross-platform frequency was lower in the model control group compared with the normal control group. After cel transplantation, the escape latency and cross-platform frequency were gradual y shortened and increased with time, respectively. Compared with the model control group, the learning and memory abilities of rats were improved in the stem cel therapy group. The brain tissues were relatively intact in structure and exhibited less cel degeneration and necrosis in the stem cel therapy group compared with the model control group. To conclude, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation exerts certain therapeutic effects on senile dementia by effectively improving the learning and memory ability.
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Objective To study the significance of treating advanced primary hepatic carcinoma by using the different methods combined with chemotherapy. Methods One hundred and fifteen cases with advanced primary hepatic carcinoma were divided into 5 groups by accepting different chemotherapy: the groups of interventional-chemotherapy (group A, 40 cases), whole body hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy (group B, 16 cases), only chemotherapy (group C, 9 cases), local heat chemotherapy (group D, 26 cases), symptomatic supportive (group E, 24 cases) for comparing response rate (RR) and survival time between each other. Results The RR in group A,B,C were 30.5 % (12/40), 12.5 % (2/16), 11.1 % (1/9) respectively, and there was no significant difference among three groups (P>0.05). The mid-survival time of five groups were 7.7, 9.2, 7.9, 6.0, 4.7 months, and there was significant difference between group B and group E (P<0.05). The 0.5-, 1-, 2-year survival rate in group B were higher than those in group E with significant difference (81.2%vs. 29.1%, 37.5%vs. 12.5%, 12.5%vs. 0, all P<0.05). Conclusions The RR of only routine chemotherapy is low, while the RR of interventional-chemotherapy and local heat chemotherapy is high with non-prolonged survival time. Whole body hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy have active effects in helping to improve the efficacy and prolong the survival time in retreatment patients with advanced hepatic tumor.
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Objective Ouabain is a cardiotonic steroid that can induce the apoptosis of many tumorous cells .This study was to investigate the anti-tumor mechanisms of ouabain by observing its effects on the apoptosis of T lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells and the expressions of hTERT and c-myc mRNA and protein . Methods Jurkat cells were treated with ouabain at the concentrations of 50 and 100 nmol/L for 24 and 48 hours, and those treated with 1 ×PBS served as the control .Then the apoptosis rate of the cells was detected by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI staining, the expressions of hTERT and c-myc mRNA determined by RT-PCR, and those of hTERT and c-myc protein by Western blot . Results The apoptosis rates of the Jurkat cells in the 50 and 100 nmol/L oua-bain groups were (5.67 ±3.71)%and (9.63 ±4.83)%respectively at 24 hours, and (19.67 ±4.55)%and (37.60 ±11.89)%at 48 hours, significantly higher than (4.23 ±1.01)%in the PBS control group at 48 hours (P<0.05).Compared with the control, the expressions of hTERT and c-myc mRNA were decreased by 200%and those of hTERT and c-myc protein by 224%and 400%, re-spectively, at 48 hours (P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between the reduction of the mRNA levels and that of the protein levels of hTERT and c-myc (P<0.05). Conclusion Ouabain can down-regulate the mRNA and protein expressions of hTERT and c-myc, which may be one of the mechanisms of its induction of the apoptosis of Jurkat T lymphocyte leukemia cells .
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Objective To study the effect of electrical stimulation breath training on lung function of patients following pulmonary lobectomy. Methods 62 patients following pulmonary lobectomy were randomly allocated into experimental group (n=30 )and control group (n=32). The experimental group received a 4-week supervised electrical stimulation breath training program using an electric stimulus feedback trainer (20mins per time, 3 times per week);The control group received postoperative routine nursing. Cadiopulmonary function evaluation of 2 groups were tested before and after the experiment. The evaluation included the 6-min walking test (6MWD), FVC, FEV1,W,AT and VO2max/kg. Results After 4 week training, the value of 6MWD,W,FVC,FEV1 all improved, compared to the baseline value (P < 0.05) and the value of 6MWD,W,FVC,FEV1 were more obvious in experimental group, compared to control group(P<0.05). The AT value and the VO2max/kg value increased than the baseline value (P<0.05)and the improvement degree was more remarkable in experimental group than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electrical stimulation breath training can improve cardiopulmonary function of the patients following pulmonary lobectomy.
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Objective To investigate oxidative damage effect of the serum of severe preeclamptic patients on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).Methods (1) HUVEC were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the following:blank group as control,normal group added 20％ normal sera of pregnant women,group PE added 20％ sera of severe preeclamptic patients,and group PE + Cat added 20％ sera of severe preeclamptic patients plus 3 x 103 U/ml catalase.After cultured for 24 hours,the injury morphology and APO2.7 expression of HUVEC were detected by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry respectively.(2) Under the real-time scanning by laser scanning confocal microscopy,HUVEC were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the following:control group added 100 μmol/L H2O2 as positive control,normal group,group PE,and group PE + Cat.HUVEC of each group was scanned for 120 seconds to determine levels of reactive oxidative species (ROS),calcium homeostasis,and mitochondria membrane potential.Results (1) Obvious injury morphology of HUVEC was observed in group PE,and it was obviously improved by catalase in group PE + Cat.Percentage of HUVEC expressed APO2.7 was (37.8 ± 1.1) ％ in group PE,which was significantly higher than (13.4 ± 1.1) ％ in blank group or (13.5 ± 1.5) ％ in normal group,but significantly lower than (19.2 ± 1.6) ％ in group PE + Cat (all P ＜ 0.01).(2) The fluorescence intensity curves of intracellular ROS and calcium showed slowly rising in group PE,but no obvious changes in normal group and PE + Cat.The values of ROS and calcium in group PE (12.0±1.3,4.1 ±0.7) were higher than those in normal group (1.1 ±0.4,0.6 ±0.4),but lower than those in group PE + Cat (1.5 ± 0.5,0.9 ± 0.5 ; all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The serum of severe preeclamptic patients caused oxidative damage on HUVEC by increasing intracellular ROS generation,calcium overload,and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential.
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BACKGROUND:The repair and management of ful-thickness skin defects resulting from burns and chronic wounds remain a significant unmet clinical chal enge. Using epidermal stem cel s and keratinocyte growth factor for ful-thickness wound repair is a promising approach. Low-frequency electromagnetic fields which are a non-invasive physical stimulation therapy have been recognized as a good method to enhance wound healing. OBJECTIVE:To develop a new strategy to accelerate wound healing by transplanting transfected epidermal stem cel s and keratinocyte growth factor and treating with low-frequency electromagnetic fields in a mouse model. METHODS:Epidermal stem cel s from Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were isolated and cultured in vitro, then the cel s were labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine and transfected by Ad-KGF, a recombinant adenovirus carrying the keratinocyte growth factor. Mice were given to create ful thickness skin wound on the dorsum and randomly assigned to four groups:control group, transplantation of epidermal stem cel s group, transplantation of keratinocyte growth factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s group, and transplantation of keratinocyte growth factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s plus low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The best healing pattern was observed in the keratinocyte growth factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s plus low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure group (P<0.05) at days 9 and 16. 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine labeled cel s existed in the wound in the treated groups at day 9. A significantly increased expression of endogenous keratinocyte growth factor was detected in the transplantation of Keratinocyte Growth Factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s group, and transplantation of keratinocyte growth factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s plus low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure group at day 16. A wel-advanced epithelialization was observed in transplantation of keratinocyte growth factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s plus low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure group at days 16 and 30. These results suggest that low-frequency electromagnetic fields enhanced wound healing fol owing the transplantation of keratinocyte growth factor gene modified epidermal stem cel s.
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BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation is considered as a promising therapy for spinal cord injury. How to more effectively promote the survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in the area of spinal cord injury and to accelerate the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury is a current study focus. Previous studies have found that low-frequency electromagnetic fields can promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel proliferation and differentiation, but whether the low-frequency electromagnetic fields can be applied to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation for treatment of spinal cord injury requires further studies. OBJECTIVE:To discuss the effects of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on motor function of spinal cord injury rats after transplantation of bone mesenchymal stem cel s. METHODS:Sixty-four rat models of incomplete spinal cord injury at T 10 were established by compression method and then randomized into control group, transplantation group (bone mesenchymal stem cel transplantation), electromagnetic field group and combination group (electromagnetic field+bone mesenchymal stem cel transplantation). After successful modeling, bone mesenchymal stem cel s labeled with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine were injected into the original injured site in the transplantation group and combination group, which were isolated and purified with the fast adherence method;while alpha-minimum essential medium was injected into the electromagnetic field group and control group for instead. At 24 hours post-operation, the electromagnetic field group and combination group were explored to low-frequency electromagnetic fields (frequency 50 Hz, magnetic indaction intensity 5 mT) for 60 minutes per day. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After cel transplantation for 21 days, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores in the combination group was higher than the other groups (P<0.05). 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine positive cel s grew wel , and integrated into the normal spine;syringomyelia was reduced, and the number of spinal neural cel s was increased in the combination group. In addition, glial fibril ary acidic protein expression was decreased in the combination group, while matrix metal oproteinase 2 expression was increased. It indicates that low-frequency electromagnetic fields could promote recovery of motor function in the spinal cord injury rats transplanted with bone mesenchymal stem cel s, which could be associated that low-frequency electromagnetic fields facilitate the survival of transplanted bone mesenchymal stem cel s, up-regulate the expression of matrix metal oproteinase 2, and reduce glial scar formation in the spinal cord injured site.