Research progress on postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures / 中华老年医学杂志

Postoperative delirium involves attention and cognitive impairment and is a common, serious and often fatal condition in the elderly.This review summarizes the definition, diagnosis, pathogenesis, risk factors, prevention and treatment of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures.

Prevalence of postoperative delirium and its risk factors in patients aged 80 years and over with hip fracture / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of postoperative delirium(PD)and its risk factors in patients aged 80 and over with hip fracture treated with total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods Clinical history and perioperative data of patients aged 80 years and over with hip fractures who underwent THA in our hospital from Sep.2017 to Mar.2019 were analyzed.Patients were divided into delirium group and non-delirium group.The prevalence of postoperative delirium of THA and its risk factors were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression.Results A total of 90 patients were eligible for inclusion for this study.Of them,27 patients (30.0％)were diagnosed as PD and 63 (70.0％)did not experience PD.Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of stroke (OR =17.702,95 ％ CI:1.514-207.034,P =0.022),preoperative lower serum albumin(OR =1.524,95％ CI:1.132-2.051,P =0.005),Mini-Nutritional Assessment short-form score(MNA-SF) (OR =1.481,95 ％ CI:1.045-2.099,P =0.027) were independent risk factors for PD.Conclusions The prevalence of postoperative delirium of THA is higher in patients aged 80 years and over with hip fractures.Prevention and correction of risk factors,such as malnutrition,may help prevent the postoperative delirium.

Prevalence of postoperative delirium and its risk factors in patients aged 80 years and over with hip fracture / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of postoperative delirium(PD)and its risk factors in patients aged 80 and over with hip fracture treated with total hip arthroplasty(THA).@*Methods@#Clinical history and perioperative data of patients aged 80 years and over with hip fractures who underwent THA in our hospital from Sep.2017 to Mar.2019 were analyzed.Patients were divided into delirium group and non-delirium group.The prevalence of postoperative delirium of THA and its risk factors were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression.@*Results@#A total of 90 patients were eligible for inclusion for this study.Of them, 27 patients(30.0%)were diagnosed as PD and 63(70.0%)did not experience PD.Multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of stroke(OR=17.702, 95%CI: 1.514-207.034, P=0.022), preoperative lower serum albumin(OR=1.524, 95%CI: 1.132-2.051, P=0.005), Mini-Nutritional Assessment short-form score(MNA-SF)(OR=1.481, 95%CI: 1.045-2.099, P=0.027)were independent risk factors for PD.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of postoperative delirium of THA is higher in patients aged 80 years and over with hip fractures.Prevention and correction of risk factors, such as malnutrition, may help prevent the postoperative delirium.

Epidemiological investigation on thyroid disease among fertile women in different iodine intake areas of Shanxi province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the prevalence of thyroid diseases and its influencing factors of iodine on thyroid gland function and autoimmune among fertile women in different iodine intake areas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cross-sectional method was used for descriptive epidemiology. 236 women aged 19 to 45 years were sampled in 2011, in Shanxi province. Questionnaire was used to include general data on place, name, age etc. Sample of water from home, one time random urine sample and venous blood were collected to test the iodine contents using arsenic and cerium catalysis spectrophotometric methods. Finally, in blood, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotrophin (TSH) in blood were tested under auto-CLIA and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) through radio-immunological methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1)The urine iodine's medians were 486.9 µg/L for fertile women in high iodine areas, and 192.6 µg/L in low iodine areas, with difference on urine iodine level statistically significant (Z = -10.676, P = 0.000). 2) Levels of blood FT3 and FT4 in women from high iodine areas were obviously lower than those from proper iodine areas(t = -2.884, P = 0.004; t = -2.862, P = 0.005), but the level of TSH in high iodine areas was higher than that of proper iodine areas(t = 2.332, P = 0.021). 3) In both areas, the rate of the thyroid dysfunction with positive antibodies was obviously higher than those with negative antibodies (χ² = 20.941, P = 0.000;χ² = 5.596, P = 0.018), while the rate of the thyroid dysfunction with positive antibodies and the level of TSH in the blood for high iodine women higher than those in women with proper iodine level(χ² = 5.708, P = 0.37;t = -2.177, P = 0.031). 4)The morbidity rate of inferior clinical hyperthyroidism for women in high iodine areas was obviously higher than those in proper iodine areas(χ² = 9.542, P = 0.003), while the morbidity rate of inferior clinical hypothyroidism for women with positive antibodies in two areas obviously higher than those with negative antibodies (χ² = 17.264, P = 0.000; χ² = 6.002, P = 0.044).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Morbidity rate of inferior clinical hypothyroidism for women in high iodine areas was obviously higher than those in proper iodine areas, suggesting that there were potential risks of hypothyroidism for overdose iodine intake which causing the existence of positive thyroid antibodies. Monitoring programs on iodine nutrition and thyroid function among women living in high iodine areas should be strengthened.</p>

Analysis and investigation of the distribution of endemic arsenism in Shanxi Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution of endemic arsenism and to provide a scientific basis for control and prevention of the disease.Methods According to previous investigation,in the high-arsenic water areas,the arsenic diseased areas and the surrounding lands,35 counties were investigated.Water arsenic was screened in all the survey sites,villages with water arsenic exceeding the standard were quantitative surveyed of water arsenic and the disease conditions.Screening of arsenic content in drinking water was done by the method of half-quantitative fast reagent kit.Quantitative determination of arsenic in water was done by hydride generationatomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS).Patients of endemic arsenism were diagnosed by the Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism (WS/T 211-2001).Identification of area was done by Definition and Division Standard for Endemic Arsenism (WS 277-2007).The data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 for windows.Results Water arsenic of 151 villages in 15 counties among 1 771 villages were higher than the national drinking water quality level(0.05 mg/L).Exposure population of high arsenic was 177 018 people.The census results of high arsenic water sources indicated that the ratio of drinking water arsenic levels higher than the national standard was 35.10％ (2 355/6 709) and the highest contents of arsenic was 1.733 0 mg/L.The disease census indicated that there were 33 latency arsenism districts and 118 arsenism districts.There was totally 39 757 patients with latency arsenism.Totally 137 261 people lived in arsenism districts.Light,moderate and severe arsenism districts was 82,29 and 7,respectively.Totally 1 244 suspicious patients with endemic arsenism were discovered,and 3 473 light and more severe patients were discovered and the detected rate of light and more severe patients was 2.54％ (3 473/136 924).Most patient were not serious.Conclusions High arsenic areas and endemic arsenism areas are distributed in 15 counties of Shanxi Province.In the future primary task in prevention and control of endemic arsenism is comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Investigation of Fluoride in Drinking Water in Rural Area of Linfen, Shanxi Province, in 2006 / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To understand the content of fluoride in dinking water in the rural area in Yaodu district and to provide the data for water improvement. Methods 873 water samples were randomly collected from 175 villages in Yaodu district during Apr.-Sep., 2006 and the fluoride ion selective electrode was used to determine the fluoride in dinking water. Results The eligible rate of fluoride concentration in the investigated drinking water samples was 54.75%. The range of fluoride concentration was 0.24-5.44 mg/L. Conclusion The investigated area is the moderate or severe prevalent area of endemic fluorosis, water improvement should be enhanced in this area.

Investigation of Drinking Water Quality in Rural Areas of Shanxi Province / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To know the drinking water quality in the rural areas in Shanxi province in order to enhance the management of drinking water and provide the scientific basis for water improvement in the rural areas. Methods 11 counties were selected based on the geographical condition in Shanxi province and 10 investigation sites were selected in each county based on the population proportion of different drinking-water types. 14 indicators were determined for every water sample. Results In the rural areas, most drinking water sources were ground water and the type of water supply was mainly non-central water supply. The indexes that exceeded the related standard limit were fluoride,arsenic and bacteria indicators. The hygienic state of central water supply was much better(?2=4.13, P