Study on RAD51 Gene Regulatory Mechanism of Apigenin Affecting Cisplatin Sensitivity to NSCLC A 549 Cells / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects and mechanism o f apigenin on cisplatin sensitivity of NSCLC A 549 cells by regulating RAD51 gene. METHODS ：Human lung cancer cisplatin-resistant cells A 549/DDP were selected and divided into control group（blank culture medium ），cisplatin group （5 g/L），apigenin low-dose and high-dose groups （10，20 μmol/L）. MTT assay was used to detect the growth of A 549/DDP cells ，while the Annexin Ⅴ/PI double staining combined with flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis. A 549/DDP cells were collected and divided into cisplatin alone group （1，2，4，8，16 μg/mL）， apigenin combination group （10 μmol/L，based on cisplatin ）. MTT method was used to determine and calculate inhibitory rate of cell proliferation. IC 50 values of drugs were calculated by regression model ，and reversion index of apigenin was calculated. 18 nude mice were randomly divided into control group ，cisplatin alone group and apigenin combination group ，with 6 mice in each group. After A 549/DDP cells were inoculated to form the transplanted tumor ，normal saline ，cisplatin（2 mg/kg，once every other day ）， cisplatin（the same dosage and usage ）+apigenin solution （30 mg/kg，once a day ）were injected intraperitoneally respectively. After 18 days of continuous administration ，the body weight of mice and the mass of the transplanted tumor were detected and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. Human lung cancer cells A 549 and A 549/DDP were collected and divided into normal group （A549 cells），control group （A549/DDP cells ），cisplatin group （5 g/L，A549/DDP cells ）and apigenin low-dose and high-dose groups （10，20 μmol/L，A549/DDP cells ），respectively. mRNA and protein expression of RAD51 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting assay. RESULTS ： Δ 基金项目：四川省教育厅（自筹经费）科研项目（No.12ZB227） ＊讲师，硕士。研究方向：肿瘤病理。E-mail：molin212@163.com Compared with control group ，the cell growth of apigenin # 通信作者：副教授，硕士生导师，硕士。研究方向：肿瘤病理。 low-dose and high-dose groups were decreased significantly ， E-mail：xinrongH292@163.com apoptosis rates of them w ere increased significantly and higher ·708· China Pharmacy 2020Vol. 31 No. 6 中国药房 2020年第31卷第6期 than those of cisplat in group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After combined with apigenin ，proliferation inhibition rate of A 549/DDP cells was increased significantly ，compared with cisplatin alone group with the same concentration （P＜0.05）. The IC 50 in the apigenin combination group was （5.81±0.47）μg/mL，significantly lower than （14.44±0.52）μg/mL in cisplatin alone group（P＜0.05），and reversal index of apigenin was 2.49. The results of nude mice tumor inhibition experiment showed that after combined with apigenin，tumor inhibition rate of A 549/DDP bearing nude mice was 68.72％，significantly lower than 33.82％ in cisplatin alone group. Compared with A 549 cells of normal group ，relative expression of RAD51 mRNA and protein were increased significantly in A549/DDP cells of control group （P＜0.05）. Compared with A 549/DDP cells of control group ，relative expression of RAD51 mRNA and protein in A 549/DDP cells were decreased significantly in apigenin low-dose and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. Compared with cisplatin group ，relative expression of RAD51 mRNA and protein in A 549/DDP cells of apigenin low-dose and high-dose group were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Apigenin can effectively reverse drug resistance of cisplatin-resistant A 549/DDP cells in human lung cancer. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of RAD51 gene transcription and protein expression.

The effect of stress-related hyperglycemia on myocardial function of patients with cardiac disease after non-cardiac surgery / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of stress-related hyperglycemia on myocardial function of patients with cardiac disorder after non-cardiac surgery.Methods The clinical data of 211 patients having undergone thoracic or abdominal operations in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively analyzed. According to the postoperative average blood glucose level in the following 3 days after surgery and the patients' history of cardiac disorder, they were divided into four groups: without hyperglycemia (blood glucose ≤ 10 mmol/L) and cardiac disorder group (HG0CV0 group), without hyperglycemia but with cardiac disorder group (HG0CV1 group), with hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 10 mmol/L) but without cardiac disorder group (HG1CV0 group) and with hyperglycemia and cardiac disorder group (HG1CV1 group). The correlations between the blood glucose and each level of the following items: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), myocardial zymogram aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), lactic dehydrogenase isoenzyme (LDH-1), myoglobin (MYO), α- hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) in each group were analyzed.Results The postoperative blood glucose levels of all 211 patients were significantly higher than those before operation (mmol/L: 8.7±0.2 vs. 5.7±0.2,P 0.05). In HG0CV1 group, the postoperative blood glucose level was negatively correlated with hs-cTnI level (r = -0.609, 95%CI = -0.810 to -0.264,P = 0.001). There were no correlations between postoperative blood glucose level and the levels of BNP, MYO, AST, LDH, LDH-1, HBDH, CK and CK-MB (allP > 0.05). In HG1CV0 group, there were no correlations between postoperative blood glucoselevel and hs-cTnI, BNP, MYO, AST, LDH, LDH-1, HBDH, CK and CK-MB (allP > 0.05). In HG1CV1 group, the postoperative blood glucose level was positively correlated with hs-TnI level (r = 0.837, 95%CI = 0.476 - 0.984,P = 0.001). There were no correlations between postoperative blood glucose level and the levels of BNP, MYO, AST, LDH, LDH-1, HBDH, CK and CK-MB (allP > 0.05).Conclusion The early stress-related hyperglycemia after non-cardiac surgery may have a protective effect on myocardial function of patients with cardiac disorder.

Effect of single-used borneol and combining it with diazepam on content of neurotransmitter in corpus striatum of rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the content changes of excitatory neurotransmitter and inhibitory neurotransmitter in corpus striatum of rats after single-used borneol and combining it with diazepam in hope of comprehending the activity of borneol on central nervous system and to observe whether borneol could increase the penetration of other drugs into the brain.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The content of four amino acids neurotransmitters in corpus striatum of rats were sampled by brain microdialysis technology at different time after administration and were determined by RP-HPLC which involved pre-column derivation with orthophthaladehyde (OPA), using phosphate gradient elution and fluorescence detection to detect the content of excitatory neurotransmitter aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu) and inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine (Gly), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in standards and samples and carry on statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The content of both Gly and GABA in corpus striatum of rats with borneol increased significantly, compared with diazepam group (P < 0.05), while Asp and Glu showed no significant difference.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Borneol can improve permeability of diazepam through BBB.</p>

Microdialysis and HPLC method for determination of concentration of pantoprazole in rat striatum aftercombined administration with borneol / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the influence of borneol, a traditional Chinese medicine, on the concentration of ceftriaxone in the rat brain striatum and evaluate the relativity.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The sample of cerebrospinal fluid in the rat brain striatum was collected via brain microdialysis technology, and then the contents of ceftriaxone in standard preparation and sample were detected by high efficiency liquid chromatography combined with diode array detector respectively and analyzed statistically. The concentration of ceftriaxone in rat brain striatum in the ceftriaxone + Borneol group was compared with that in the ceftriaxone-only group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The concentration of ceftriaxone in the rat brain in the ceftriaxone + Borneol group (13.01-4.43 mg x L(-1)) is significantly higher than that in the ceftriaxone-only group (2.41-0.94 mg x L(-1)).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Borneol can promote ceftriaxone through blood-brain barrier, and increase the concentration thereof in striatum.</p>

Single and combining effects of Calculus Bovis and zolpidem on inhibitive neurotransmitter of rat striatum corpora / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation effects between single or combined administration of Calculus Bovis or zolpidem and changes of inhibitive neurotransmitter in rat striatum corpora.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sampling from rat striatum corpora was carried out through microdialysis. The content of two inhibitive neurotransmitters in rat corpus striatum- glycine (Gly) and gama aminobutyric acid (GABA), was determined by HPLC, which involved pre-column derivation with orthophthaladehyde, reversed-phase gradient elution and fluorescence detection.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>GABA content of rat striatum corpora in Calculus Bovis group was significantly increased compared with saline group (P < 0.01). GABA content of zolpidem group and Calculus Boris plus zolpidem group were increased largely compared with saline group as well (P < 0.05). GABA content of Calculus Bovis group was higher than combination group (P < 0.05). GABA content of zolpidem group was not significantly different from combination group. Gly content of Calculus Bovis or zolpidem group was markedly increased compared with saline group or combination group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Contents of two inhibitive neurotransmitters in rat striatum corpora were all significantly increased in Calculus Bovis group, zolpidem group and combination group. The magnitude of increase was lower in combination group than in Calculus Bovis group and Zolpidem group, suggesting that Calculus Bovis promoted encephalon inhibition is more powerful than zolpidem. The increase in two inhibitive neurotransmitters did not show reinforcing effect in combination group, suggesting that Calculus Bovis and zolpidem may compete the same receptors. Therefore, combination of Calculus Bovis containing drugs and zolpidem has no clinical significance. Calculus Bovis shouldn't as an aperture-opening drugs be used for resuscitation therapy.</p>

Effect of chlorpromazine combined with Platycodon grandiflorum on change of dopamine in rat striatum by microdialysis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of chlorpromazine combined with Platycodon grandiflorum on the striatal extracellular dopamine level in rats and to research the interaction and the mechanism of action after combining traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Twenty four rats were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group, Platycodon group, chlorpromazine group and chlorpromazined combined with P. grandiflorum group. The level of dopamine in CSF microdialysis samples was detected with high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detector after administration for 10 days.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The CSF level of DA (1.52 +/- 0.34) microg x L(-1) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in chlorpromazine combined with P. grandiflorum group than that in the chlorpromazine group (1.25 +/- 0.22) microg x L(-1) (P < 0.05) and that in the normal control (1.06 +/- 0.24) microg x L(-1) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combining utilization of P. grandiflorum and chlorpromazine may increase the DA concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters, which results in under the therapeutic effect is maintained, the dosage of chlorpromazine used to individuals are decreased and the incidence rate of the adverse reactions of chlorpromazine will descend.</p>

The exploration of improving the quality of graduation thesis and design in university / 中华医学教育探索杂志

By discussing several measures such as perfecting the rules, formulating the quality standard of thesis and design, strengthening the guidance and monitoring, establishing the tutor team and the incentive mechanism etc., this article explores the methods to improve the quality of graduation thesis and design in university.

Reform of Pre-graduate Practice Under the Condition of the Enlarging Enrollments in Universities / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This article analyses the measures concerning how to improve the quality and ensure the effect of pre-graduate practice on the enlarging of enrollments of GDPU.By discussing the multi-aspects of pre-graduate practice,such as integrating concentrate practice with decentralization practice,setting up the steady practice base,double-tutor system,strengthening the monitor of practice,multi-model of practice,in combination with industry,education and research etc.the article explores the approach to the reform of mode of the pre-graduate practice.

Utilization of Heat-clearing Drugs in Our Hospital During 2006～2007 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the utilization and development trend of heat-clearing drugs(HCDs) in our hospital so as to provide references for rational drug use and reasonable drug purchase.METHODS: The consumption quantity and consumption sum of HCDs during the period 2006～2007 were investigated,and the DDDs and daily consumption sum of HCDs were analyzed using DDDs sequence analytical method.RESULTS: The consumption quantity of HCDs in the hospital during 2006～2007 showed a steady increase and the DDDs of HCDs increased synchronously.CONCLUSION: The utilization status of HCDs in the hospital is basically in consistent with national drug consumption tendency.

Use of Chinese Patent Medicines in Our Hospital:Status Quo and Economic Analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo of the use of Chinese patent medicines in our hospital and to put forward the coping strategies.METHODS:The data about the consumption of Chinese patent medicines in our hospital during the period of 2002～2006 obtained from medical information platform were analyzed in respect of consumption sum,DDDs,and DDC using the method of DDDs sequence and the method in pharmacoeconomics.RESULTS:The use of Chinese patent medicines in our hospital during 2002～2006 took on an obvious rising trend.CONCLUSION:The utilization of Chinese patent medicines in our hospital is rational basically.The Chinese patent medicines with suitable prices and proved efficacy take a great share in the clinical application.However,there are still some problems remain to be standardized.

Determination of 14 kinds of amino acids in Wuling Capsule by HPLC-FLD / 中成药

AIM: To establish an analytical method for detecting 14 kinds of amino acid in Wuling Capsule(xylaria) by HPLC-FLD. METHODS: After being derivated in precolumn with o-phthalaldehyde and ?-mercaptoethanol,the amino acids were eluted by gradient elution and were detected with a fluorescence detector (Ex = 340 nm,Em = 450 nm). The mobile phase consisted of 0. 1 mol/L NaH2PO4 ( adjusted to pH 6. 8 by phosphoric acid) and methanol with a flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min,column temperature was set at 30 ℃. RESULTS: The deriva-tives of 14 amino acids with o-phthalaldehyde could be separated with a stable base line within 40 min. The linear range of the detection was 5-200 nmol/mL and correlation coefficients were over 0. 999 0. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and well reproduced for the determination of amino acids in Wuling Capsule.

HPLC fingerprint of Gentiana straminea Maxim / 中成药

AIM: To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Genti ana straminea Maxim. METHODS: It was adopted gradient with Methanol and 0.4% phospho ric acid, the detection wavelength was at 230nm and recording time. And it w as compared with a software published by Zhejiang University. RESULTS: The constituents of Gentiana straminea Maxim. were well se parated by HPLC, and the similarity was more than 0.90 . CONCLUSION: The method can be used as the fingerprint of G entiana straminea Maxim.