MRIfeaturesandcommoncausesofgrowthhormonedeficiencyin childrenwithshortstaturecausedbypituitarylesions / 实用放射学杂志

Objective ToexploretheMRIfeaturesofgrowthhormonedeficiency(GHD)inchildrenwithshortstaturecausedby pituitarylesions,inordertoimprovethediagnosticlevelofthesediseases.Methods MRIandclinicaldataof624patientsofGHD withshortstaturecausedbypituitarylesionswereretrospectivelyanalyzed.Results Inshortstaturecausedbypituitarylesions,there were383caseswithanteriorpituitarydysplasia(61.4%);49casesofpituitarystalkinterruptionsyndrome(PSIS)(7.9%);16cases ofpituitaryhyperplasiaduetoprimaryhypothyroidism (2.6%);41casesofRathkecleftcyst(6.6%);74casesofemptysellasyndrome(11.9%);17 casesofpituitaryinvasionbyLangerhanscellhistiocytosis(2.7%);2casesofsellarregionalarachnoidcyst(0.3%);and42casesof craniopharyngioma(6.7%).MRIshowedtheheightofanteriorpituitarywaslessthannormal,andthelocation,sizeandsignalsof posteriorpituitaryandpituitarystalkwerenormalinanteriorpituitarydysplasia.Noorthinpituitarystalk,anteriorpituitaryhypoplasiawith ectopicposteriorpituitarywereseeninPSIS.Allofthepituitaryhyperplasiawerecausedbyhypothyroidism,inwhich MRIshowed anteriorpituitaryenlargement,upwardapophysis,obvioushomogeneousenhancement,nopituitarystalkinterruptionandabnormal signal,andthepituitaryglandreducinginsizeafterreplacementtherapy.Stalkhypophysialwasthickeningtogetherwithadisappearanceof hyperintenseoftheposteriorlobeofpituitaryglandonT1,andthesizeandsignalsofanteriorpituitarywerenormalinpituitarybeing invadedbyLangerhanscellhistiocytosis.AtrophyofanteriorpituitarywasseeninRathkecleftcyst,emptysellasyndrome,sellarregionalarachnoid cystandcraniopharyngioma.Conclusion MRIcanclearlyshowtheanatomyofpituitaryandsellarregion,whichcanprovideamorphological referencefortheearlydiagnosisanddifferentialdiagnosisofGHDinchildrenwithshortstaturecausedbypituitarylesions,andisof clinicallyimportantfortreatmentandprognosis.

Clinical value of sagittal CT scanning in neonates with congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical value of sagittal CT scan in the diagnosis of congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula(CEA-TEF).Methods Sagittal CT scanning was performed in 1 7 neonates with clinically suspected CEA-TEF preoperatively. Post-processing methods included multiple planar reconstruction(MPR)and volume rendering(VR).The CT manifestations were compared with the surgical findings.Paired-samples t test and Kappa identity analysis were used to analyze the consistency between two esophageal pouches and position of fistula.Results Among 1 7 cases,sagittal CT images clearly showed the distance between two esophageal pouches and position of fistula.Based on Gross classification,2 cases were included in type ⅢA(11.8%),and 15 cases in type ⅢB(88.2%).The results were satisfactory with the surgical findings with 100% accuracy.The distance between two esophageal pouches determined by VR and MPR had no remarkable differences(t=0.991,P>0.05).The position of fistula determined by VR and MPR had high consistency with the surgical findings (Kappa≥0.75).Conclusion Sagittal CT scanning can significantly limit scanning range and reduce the radiation dose as well as improve image quality,and accurately display and assess the distance between two esophageal pouches and position of fistula in CEA-TEF.It has important application value in diagnosing CEA-TEF in neonates.

Sclerotherapy of venous malformations in oral region in children with absolute ethanol under the guide of DSA / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and advantage of endovascular sclerotherapy of venous malformations in oral region using absolute ethanol under the guide of DSA.Methods The clinical data of 78 patients with venous malformation in oral region, who were indicated for ethanol sclerotherapy under DSA was retrospectively reviewed.Type classification of venous malformations was confirmed by using DSA subtraction technique during intraoperative puncture.Under general anesthesia,the malformations were punctured and then sclerosed with absolute ethanol by DSA guidance.The treatment was gone every other month,2 -6 times as a course.The length of the course of treatment depended on the type of venous malformations.Complications were also reported and analyzed. The duration of follow-up ranged from 6 to 18 months.Results Postoperative MRI showed,32 cases were cured,35 cases were significantly improved,8 cases were improved and 3 cases were invalid.There were no serious systemic complications in all cases,only 4 cases with reversible local necrosis and vesiculation.Conclusion Sclerotherapy of oral venous malformations using absolute ethanol,for its less trauma,no scar after operation,strong repeatability and exact effect,which is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Application of “double low”CTU method in children with urinary system malformation / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To probe the application value of “double low”CTU method in diagnosis of urinary system malformation in children.Methods Patients with urinary system malformation were screened by ultrasound,and renal calculi,tumor and tumor-like lesions were excluded.Double phase contrast media injection (iodixanol contrast media 270 mg I/mL)was used in one phase scan-ning,and the cortex-secretory phase images were obtained.The images were reviewed and evaluated independently by two readers. Results The coincidence rate of diagnosis was 100% with well images quality.Conclusion CTU is an important tool for the diagno-sis of urinary tract malformations in children.The “double low”method with lower radiation dose and contrast media quantity may ensure the quality of diagnosis.

Changes of lung, spleen and kidney aquaporin-1 in rats with Kidney Yang Deficiency: the "water metabolism theory" in traditional Chinese medicine / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the experimental basis of the "water metabolism theory" in traditional Chinese medicine by observing the changes of aquaporin-1 in the lung, spleen and kidney.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat models of Kidney Yang Deficiency induced by gavage with 2% adenine suspension for 4 weeks were treated with cistanches decoction for 6 weeks. Urinary 17-hydroxy cortisol, urine creatinine, urine osmolality value content, and aquaporin-1 mRNA and protein expressions in the lung, spleen and kidney tissues were detected after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatment with adenine induced Kidney Yang Deficiency in rats by causing a reduction in urinary 17-hydroxy cortisol, urine creatinine and urine osmolality. Aquaporin-1 mRNA expression in the spleen and kidney were down-regulated after adenine treatment. Compared with the rat models, intervention with cistanche significantly increased aquaporin-1 mRNA expression in the lung and kidney tissues. Adenine resulted in increased aquaporin-1 protein expression in the lung, spleen and kidney of the rats, while cistanche intervention lowered its expression in lung and kidney tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lung, spleen, kidneys are involved in water metabolism, and aquaporin-1 is one of its molecular basis. Cistanche can increase aquaporin-1 expressions, which is also regulated by other factors.</p>