Developing biosecurity training program under the background of new engineering education in colleges and universities / 生物工程学报

The global biosecurity situation has become increasingly severe in recent years. The threats from outbreaks of epidemics, misuse and abuse of biotechnology, biological weapons and so on are emerging, which make biosecurity an important part of national security. Meanwhile, as a new interdisciplinary program, the education for biosecurity is still in its infancy. The challenges of domestic and international biosecurity and the quick development of biosecurity industry necessitate the establishment of security disciplines, which expose the deficiencies of talent pool in the interdisciplinary field involving biosecurity in China. Especially under the background of new engineering education, the importance of biosecurity training program has become more obvious than before. On the basis of our teaching experience, we systemically introduced the specific measures to improve the training system of biosecurity in the context of new engineering education, such as establishing an integrated curriculum system, constructing innovative teaching modes, exploring general education reform plans, and perfecting continuous improvement mechanisms.

Using OMICS technologies to analyze the mechanisms of synthetic microbial co-culture systems: a review / 生物工程学报

In recent years, the interaction mechanisms underpinning the synthetic microbial co-culture systems have gained increasing attention due to their potentials in various biotechnological applications. Exploration of the inter-species mechanisms underpinning the synthetic microbial co-culture system could contribute to a better understanding of the theoretical basis to further optimize the existing co-culture systems, and design new synthetic co-culture system for large-scale application. OMICS technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics could analyze the biological processes in a high throughput manner. Multi-omics analysis could achieve a "global view" of various members in the microbial co-culture systems, which presents opportunities in understanding synthetic microbial consortia better. This article summarizes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of synthetic microbial co-culture systems using omics technologies, from the aspects of metabolic network, energy metabolism, signal transduction, membrane transport, stress response, community stability and structural rationality. All these findings could provide important theoretical basis for future application of the microbial co-culture systems with the aids of emerging biotechnologies such as synthetic biology and genome editing.

Recent progress in photosynthetic microbial co-culture systems / 生物工程学报

Co-culture systems consisted of photosynthetic microorganisms and others heterotrophic microbes have attracted great attention in recent years. These systems show many advantages when compared with single culture grown under autotrophic conditions, such as less vulnerable to pollution and more stability, thus have been applied to wastewater treatment, soil remediation, biodegradable harmful substances, and production of high value-added products. In order to explore basic theory and further applications, we summarize here recent progresses in artificial co-culture systems of using photosynthetic microorganisms, to provide a current scientific understanding for the rational design of the co-culture system based on photosynthetic microorganisms using synthetic biology.

Impact of eotaxin-3 gene polymorphisms on inhaled corticosteroids in patients with bronchial asthma / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the impact of eotaxin-3 gene polymorphisms on the clinical effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) to provide clinical basis for eotaxin-3 as the target spot for treating bronchial asthma.Methods One hundred and ninety-six cases of asthma and 196 cases as controls were selected from the outpatients and inpatients in our hospital.Peripheral blood samples were collected from the asthma patients and normal controls.PCR-RFLP was adopted to detect the genotypes of eotaxin-3 +2497T＞G and-+-77C＞T.The response of ICS treatment and the change situation of ACT scores were compared among asthmatic patients with various genotypes.Results Peripheral blood eosinophil(EOS) counts,EOS proportion and total IgE in the patients with TG genotype at+2497 locus were significantly decreased compared with those in the patients with TT genotype,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The level of PD20 in asthmatic patients with TG genotype was significantly higher than that in the patients with TT genotype,the difference was statistically significant[(0.07-±-0.03)mg vs.(0.03 ± 0.01)mg,t=2.45,P=0.048];whereas the above indicators had no statistical difference among 3 kinds of +-77 genotypes.During ICS treatment process in the patients with TT genotype at +-2497 locus,the FEV1％,PD20 value and ACT scores were significantly improved compared with those in the patients with TG genotype,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion The asthmatic patients with TT genotype at +-2497 locus were more sensitive to ICS treatment,regular ICS treatment can significantly improve the lung function and clinical symptom score in these patients.

Impact of eotaxin-3 gene polymorphisms on inhaled corticosteroids in patients with bronchial asthma / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the impact of eotaxin-3 gene polymorphisms on the clinical effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) to provide clinical basis for eotaxin-3 as the target spot for treating bronchial asthma.Methods One hundred and ninety-six cases of asthma and 196 cases as controls were selected from the outpatients and inpatients in our hospital.Peripheral blood samples were collected from the asthma patients and normal controls.PCR-RFLP was adopted to detect the genotypes of eotaxin-3 +2497T＞G and-+-77C＞T.The response of ICS treatment and the change situation of ACT scores were compared among asthmatic patients with various genotypes.Results Peripheral blood eosinophil(EOS) counts,EOS proportion and total IgE in the patients with TG genotype at+2497 locus were significantly decreased compared with those in the patients with TT genotype,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The level of PD20 in asthmatic patients with TG genotype was significantly higher than that in the patients with TT genotype,the difference was statistically significant[(0.07-±-0.03)mg vs.(0.03 ± 0.01)mg,t=2.45,P=0.048];whereas the above indicators had no statistical difference among 3 kinds of +-77 genotypes.During ICS treatment process in the patients with TT genotype at +-2497 locus,the FEV1％,PD20 value and ACT scores were significantly improved compared with those in the patients with TG genotype,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion The asthmatic patients with TT genotype at +-2497 locus were more sensitive to ICS treatment,regular ICS treatment can significantly improve the lung function and clinical symptom score in these patients.

Coexistence of sarcoidosis and primary Sj(o)gren syndrome: a clinical analysis and literature review / 中华内科杂志

Four patients with coexistence of sarcoidosis and primary Sj(o)gren syndrome (pSS) were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were female,who were referred to our department mainly because of respiratory symptoms.Positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) was detected in 2 patients and anti-Sj(o)grens syndrome A (SSA) antibody positive in 1 patient.All patients presented specific histologic patterns of both sarcoidosis and pSS.Publications related to coexistence of these two diseases were reviewed.Forty-one patients were finally included in the analysis,among whom 37 confirmed patients were from literature search.There were 37 women and 4 men.The main clinical features presentation were xerophthalmia in 40,xerostomia in 38,hilaradenopathies in 28,interstitial lung disease in 15,respiratory symptoms in 13.The main immunologic data were positive ANA in 23,SSA antibody in 19,anti-Sj(o)grens syndrome B antibody in 10 and rheumatoid factor in 12.All patients presented specific histologic patterns of both diseases.Patients with both sarcoidosis and pSS of ten represent multisystemic involvement and positive immunologic parameters,as well as the dual expression of specific histologic characteristics.

Analysis of the effect of intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia for post-thoracotomy pain control and the chronic discomfort of the incision / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia for post-thoracotomy pain control and the chronic discomfort of the incision.Methods A prospective analysis was carried out in 200 patients after standard posterolateral thoracotomy.Then the patients were randomly divided into five groups after gender stratification,each group with 40 patients.Group A was the control group,which was received no advanced method to prevent the pain after operation,only with Pethidine injected while patient require.Group B was PCIA group.Group C was PCEA group.Group D was cryoanalgesia group.Group E was cryoanalgesia and PCEA group.VAS score was used in the consecutive 7 days after operation.And we recorded the doses of pethidine injected in the 7 days,as well as the complications and the side effects.On the third and sixth month,patients were followed up by telephone or clinic review for their pain control and discomfort of the incision.Results The VAS score and the average doses of using Pethidine were lower in group D and group E than that in other groups.Group D had a lower ratio of nausea,vomiting,pruritus and lethargy than any other group.Group A,group D and group E had a higher ratio of pain of incision and other adverse reactions than group B and group C.Conclusion Intercostal nerve cryoanalgesia could effectively relief the postoperative pain,reduce the ratio of traumatic stress reaction and side effect.Cryoanalgesia may be a factor that could add the chronic discomfort of the incision.

Analysis of key factors for the successful chest operation in elderly patients with esophageal cancer or carcinoma of gastric cardia / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the operative treatment of esophageal carcinoma or carcinoma of gastric cardia in patients aged 70 years or older. Methods　One thousand and eighty eight patients with esophageal cancer or carcinoma of gastric cardia were retrospectively reviewed.These patients were divided into 4 groups:aged 41～69,70～74,75～79 and 80～90 years.The postoperative complications,hospjtalization time,prognosis, operative selection and perioperative treatment were analyzed. Results　Incidences of complications of pulmonary infection,arrhythmia,psychiatric symptom and unhealing of surgical incision were obviously increased,and the average hospitalization time were significantly prolonged in patients aged 70 years or older.Incidence of pulmonary infection and the average hospitalization time were significantly increased in patients aged 80～90 years compared with other groups.There were 4 death cases and 1084 cured cases. Conclusions　With regard to elderly patients for esophageal carcinoma or carcinoma of gastric eardia,handling the occurrence of postoperative complications,selecting suitable patients to take operation and appropriate perioperative treatments are the keys for successful operation.

Deep Fungal Infection after Thoracotomy:Its Prevention and Treatment / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To summarize the experience of prevention and treatment of the deep fungal infection after thoracotomy.METHODS To enhance the prevention of the deep fungal infection after thoracotomy.To watch out for the change of postthoracotomy symptom,when doubtful clinical symptom appeared in the susceptible sufferersand to track the result of culture and adopt early experiential antifungal medication to treat.RESULTS Out of 38 patients 33 were cured,5 were died(13.16%).CONCLUSIONS To enhance the prevention of the deep fungal infection after thoracotomy,the early diagnosis and treatment with experiential antifungal medication are the important measures to improve prognosis in the patients with postthoracotomy infection of deep fungi.

Discussion on Null Stock in Hospital Drug Storehouse / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the possibility of null stock in hospital drug storehouse.METHODS:The current situation of the drug storehouse of our hospital and pharmaceutical company of our district,and the existing problems in implementation of null stock were analysed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:There exist difficulties in carrying out complete null stock in hospital drug storehouse now,however,if computer network is adopted and the drug storage is shared by both hospital and pharmaceutical company,implementation of null stock in hospital drug storehouse will be practical.

Study on Standardized Administration of Chinese Hospital Pharmacy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To seek for the countermeasures for standardized administration of pharmacy in Chinese hospital.METHODS:The existing problems in pharmacy of Chinese hospital were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Under the current situation of advocating integrated pharmaceutical care,only by strengthening the construction of hardwares and softwares,by establishing the standardized administrative system can we ensure the good quality of drugs and pharmaceutical cares.