Urine metabolomics study of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the urinary small molecular metabolites and their metabolic characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: High throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to detect the small molecular metabolites in urine of healthy control (n=10), patients with hepatic hemangioma (n=10) and patients with HCC (n=10). The orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), hierarchical cluster analysis of multivariate analysis and univariate analysis were used to analyze the differential metabolites of the three groups. Results: The metabolic profiles of the three groups showed that the total of 381 differential metabolites were identified and divided into 96 up-regulated metabolites and 285 down-regulated metabolites. There were 55 urinary metabolites specifically related to HCC. Twenty-one of them were significantly up-regulated, including Acetyl-DL-Leucine, Ala Asp, HoPhe-Gly-OH, while 34 were significantly down-regulated, including Selenocystathionine, Met Trp Met Cys, Valsartan acid and so on. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in glutamine/glutamate metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and purine metabolism. Conclusions: The occurrence of HCC is accompanied by the abnormalities of multiple metabolites and metabolic pathways. The analysis of the characteristic metabolic profile of urine in patients with HCC is helpful to find metabolic markers and potential therapeutic targets for liver cancer.

Release of gastrocnemius aponeurosis and suture of the Achilles tendon end scar tissue managing the chronic Achilles tendon rupture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of scar tissue suture at the broken end of Achilles tendon after gastrocnemius aponeurosis release in the treatment of chronic Achilles tendon rupture.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 17 patients with old achilles tendon rupture treated from January 2017 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, including 15 males and 2 females, aged 26 to 53 years with an average of (35.2±11.6) years old, and the time from injury to operation was 37 to 92 days with an average of (49.3±13.3) days. Myerson's classification included 6 cases of typeⅡ and 11 cases of typeⅢ. The defect of the broken end of Achilles tendon was 2 to 5 cm with an average of(4.1±1.5) cm after partial scar tissue was removed. All patients were treated with gastrocnemius aponeurosis, appropriate excision of scar tissue at the broken end of Achilles tendon and direct suture. The continuity and healing of Achilles tendon were evaluated by color Doppler ultrasound 3 months after operation. The ankle plantar flexor strength was measured by ankle plantar flexor strength tester before operation and 1 year after operation. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle hindfoot score (AOFAS) and Achilles tendon rupture score were used before operation and 1 year after operation Achilles tendon total fracture score (ATRS) was used to evaluate the clinical rehabilitation of Achilles tendon rupture.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of(13.6±1.8) months. The surgical incision healed in stageⅠ. Color Doppler ultrasound showed good continuity of Achilles tendon, local Achilles tendon slightly thickened and irregular fiber direction. The ankle plantar flexor force (92.2±3.9) N at 1 year after operation was significantly higher than that before operation (29.5±4.2) N (P<0.05);One year after operation, the AOFAS(91.20±3.30) was significantly higher than that before operation (42.20±4.40)(P<0.05);the ATRS (90.70±3.00) was significantly higher than that before operation(40.00±2.90)(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The gastrocnemius aponeurosis release combined with scar suture of Achilles tendon end is an effective technique for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendon rupture, avoid injury to hallux flexor longus or flexor digitorum longus, with the plantar flexor muscle strength of the ankle was recovered well, is an effective method to treat chronic Achilles tendon rupture.

Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of seabuckthorn and prediction of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Seabuckthorn contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, polysaccharides, and vitamins, which have anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation, liver protection, anti-cardiovascular disease, anti-aging, immune enhancing, anti-tumor, and anti-bacterial activities.We reviewed the papers focusing on the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and utilization of seabuckthorn. The quality markers(Q-markers) of seabuckthorn were predicted and analyzed based on original plant phylogeny, chemical composition correlation, traditional medicinal properties, pharmacodynamic correlation, traditional and extended efficacy, pharmacokinetics, metabolic processes, and measurable components. With this review, we aim to provide theoretical reference for the quality control and quality standard establishment of seabuckthorn, so as to promote the rational exploitation and utilization of seabuckthorn resources, and improve the healthy and sustainable development of seabuckthorn industry.

Advances of Akkermansia muciniphila in regulating host functions / 中国中药杂志

Akkermansia muciniphila, abbreviated as AKK and found in 2004, is an oval-shaped gram-negative bacterium isolated from a human feal. A. muciniphila is widely present in the intestinal tract of human. Its specialization in mucin degradation makes it a key organism at the mucosal interface between the lumen and host cells. More and more studies have shown that it can play the role of probiotics. Notably, declined levels of A. muciniphila have been observed in patients with diabetes, liver disease, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. In addition, A. muciniphila combined with traditional Chinese medicine, exhibited higher effect on regulating host functions, but the underlying mechanism was still unclear, requiring further in-depth research. Therefore, the aims of this review are to summarize the main effects of A. muciniphila on host health and its relationship with traditional Chinese medicine, summarize the main problems, and provide a reference for the further research of A. muciniphila and traditional Chinese medicine.

Association between Baseline SBP/DBP and All-Cause Mortality in Residents of Shanxi, China: A Population-based Cohort Study from 2002 to 2015 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To investigate the association between blood pressure and all-cause mortality in Shanxi, China.@*Methods@#The '2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey' baseline data in Shanxi province was used. A retrospective investigation was performed in 2015. The effects of SBP and DBP on the all-cause mortality were analyzed using the Cox regression model. The hazard ratio ( @*Results@#The follow-up rate was 76.52% over 13 years, while the cumulative mortality rate for all participants was 917.12/100,000 person-years. The mortality rose with an increasing SBP ( @*Conclusion@#Adults with SBP > 160 mmHg and DBP > 100 mmHg had a higher mortality risk. Sex and age difference was noted in both DBP and mortality risk.

Protective effect of luteolin on pancreas in mice with severe acute pancreatitis and its possible molecular mechanism / 解剖学报

Objective To analyze the protective effect of luteolin on the pancreas of mice with severe acute pancreatitis and to explore its possible molecular mechanism. Methods Sixty healthy male C57/ BL mice of SPF grade were divided into three groups according to the random number table method, the control group, the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) model group and the treatment group, 20 cases in each group. The model was established by the caerulein method. The levels of lipase, amylase, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were measured by ELASA method . The protein and mRNA levels of nuclear factor(NF)-κB, P38 and p-P38 in each group were determined by Western blotting and Real-time PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the pancreas dry-wet weight ratio, lipase and amylase, inflammatory factors HO-1, TNF-α levels, oxidative stress index MDA levels increased significantly, while SOD levels were significantly lower in the model group and the treatment group (P0. 05). Compared with the model mice, the levels of NF-κB, p-P38 protein and mRNA in the treated group decreased significantly (P<0. 05). Conclusion Luteolin has a protective effect on SAP mice. Its possible molecular mechanism is to relieve inflammatory stress and oxidative stress, and down-regulate the expression of NF-κB and p-P38 protein.

Analysis of Correlation between Gene Polymorphisms of CRHBP in Yunnan Han Population and Schizophrenia and Aggressive Behavior / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the correlation between 4 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms （Tag SNP） sites （rs7721799, rs32897, rs7718461, rs10062367） of corticotropin releasing hormone binding protein （CRHBP） and schizophrenia and aggressive behavior in the Yunnan Han population. Methods Case-control correlation analysis was used to establish a complex amplification system. Improved multiplex ligase detection reaction （iMLDR） technology was used to detect the genotypes of 4 SNP sites of CRHBP gene of 163 Han schizophrenic patients （including 81 patients with aggressive behavior, 82 patients without aggressive behavior） and 345 healthy Han individuals, which were analyzed statistically by SPSS 19.0, Haploview 4.2 and PHASE 2.1 software. Results There was no correlation between the 3 SNP sites of CRHBP gene and the onset of schizophrenia except for the rs7718461 site （P>0.05）. The relative risk of aggressive behavior of patients carrying GG or GA genotype at rs7718461 site were 4.903 times higher than those carrying AA genotype （P<0.05）. Conclusion The CRHBP gene may not be associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia in Yunnan Han population, but AA genotype of rs7718461 may reduce the risk of aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients.

The urinary metabolomics of Astragalus Radix and Dioscoreae Rhizomacomes reveal possible therapeutic mechanisms in the treatment of type 2 diabetes / 药学学报

sup>1H NMR-based metabonomic analysis was used to elucidate the hypoglycemic mechanism of Astragalus Radix and Dioscoreae Rhizomacomes. Thirty-seven SD rats were divided into four groups: model group (M group), control group (C group), Astragalus Radix and Dioscoreae Rhizomacomes group (HS group), metformin group (Y group). A T2DM model was induced with a high fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). Drug was continuously administered for 8 weeks, after which blood and the kidneys were collected to determine the biochemical index and the kidney coefficients of each group. Using 1H NMR metabolomics technology, we measured the metabolites in the urine of rats in each group to identify appropriate biomarkers. The results showed that total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (L-DLC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and the kidney coefficients were significantly increased with high density lipoprotein (H-DLC) significantly decreased in the diabetic group, but these changes were largely reversed with treatment with Astragalus Radix and Dioscoreae Rhizomacomes. A total of 20 biomarkers were found in rat urine in the diabetic group and Astragalus Radix and Dioscoreae could reverse the changes of 16 of these metabolites to varying degrees, similar to that of metformin (200 mg·kg-1). The changes in metabolomics mainly involved butanoate metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, and pyruvate metabolism. Dioscoreae Rhizomacomes and Astragalus Radix may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of diabetes through the above five metabolic pathways, revealing the possible therapeutic mechanisms for Dioscoreae Rhizomacomes and Astragalus Radix.

Association between cardiopulmonary bypass time and 90-day post-operative mortality in patients undergoing arch replacement with the frozen elephant trunk: a retrospective cohort study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The aortic arch replacement and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are both associated with the early mortality after cardiothoracic surgery. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CPB time and 90-day post-operative mortality in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery using the frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique with selective ante-grade cerebral perfusion (SACP).@*METHODS@#We retrospectively reviewed data of 377 adult patients undergoing aortic arch surgery via FET with SACP from July 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 at Beijing Anzhen Hospital. The baseline characteristics, intra-operative data, and post-operative data were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine independent predictors of 90-day post-operative mortality.@*RESULTS@#The 90-day post-operative mortality was 13.53%. The 78.51% of patients were men. There were 318 (84.35%) type A aortic dissections and 28 (7.43%) aortic aneurysms. Among those, 264 (70.03%) were emergency operations. Median CPB time was 202.0 (176.0, 227.0) min. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that CPB time was independently associated with 90-day post-operative mortality after adjusting confounding factors (hazard ratio: 1.21/10 min increase in CPB time, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-1.27, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis based on CPB time tertiles revealed that the top tertile (median 236.0 min) was associated with reduced survival rate compared with middle and bottom tertiles (P < 0.001). Each sub-group analysis based on the complexity of the underlying disease process showed similar associations between CPB time and 90-day post-operative mortality.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CPB time remains a significant factor in determining 90-day post-operative mortality in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery using FET with SACP. Surgeons should be aware of the relationship between CPB time and 90-day post-operative mortality during operative procedures and avoid extended CPB time as far as possible.

Association between cardiopulmonary bypass time and 90-day postoperative mortality in patients undergoing arch replacement with the frozen elephant trunk: a retrospective cohort study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#The aortic arch replacement and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are both associated with the early mortality after cardiothoracic surgery. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CPB time and 90-day post-operative mortality in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery using the frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique with selective ante-grade cerebral perfusion (SACP).@*Methods@#We retrospectively reviewed data of 377 adult patients undergoing aortic arch surgery via FET with SACP from July 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 at Beijing Anzhen Hospital. The baseline characteristics, intra-operative data, and post-operative data were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine independent predictors of 90-day postoperative mortality.@*Results@#The 90-day post-operative mortality was 13.53%. The 78.51% of patients were men. There were 318 (84.35%) type A aortic dissections and 28 (7.43%) aortic aneurysms. Among those, 264 (70.03%) were emergency operations. Median CPB time was 202.0 (176.0, 227.0) min. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that CPB time was independently associated with 90-day post-operative mortality after adjusting confounding factors (hazard ratio: 1.21/10 min increase in CPB time, 95% confidence interval: 1.15–1.27, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis based on CPB time tertiles revealed that the top tertile (median 236.0 min) was associated with reduced survival rate compared with middle and bottom tertiles (P < 0.001). Each sub-group analysis based on the complexity of the underlying disease process showed similar associations between CPB time and 90-day post-operative mortality.@*Conclusions@#CPB time remains a significant factor in determining 90-day post-operative mortality in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery using FET with SACP. Surgeons should be aware of the relationship between CPB time and 90-day post-operative mortality during operative procedures and avoid extended CPB time as far as possible.

Antidiabetic activity of Callicarpa nudiflora extract in type 2 diabetic rats via activation of the AMPK-ACC pathway

Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Callicarpa nudiflora extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: The chemical constituents in Callicarpa nudiflora extract were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Callicarpa nudiflora extract (0.15 and 0.3 g/kg) was orally administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 42 d. The effects of Callicarpa nudiflora extract on body weight, blood glucose, serum insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C and HDL-C were investigated, and its effect on liver and pancreatic pathology was assessed by histopathological analysis. Moreover, the expression levels of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), phospho-AMPK/AMPK, and p-acetyl-coA carboxylase (P-ACC)/ACC in the skeletal muscles and liver were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Results: A total of 34 compounds, including 8 iridoids, 14 phenylpropanoids, and 12 flavonoids, were identified from Callicarpa nudiflora extract. Callicarpa nudiflora extract significantly reduced blood glucose and significantly restored all other biochemical parameters to near normal levels, including serum insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, and HDL-C. Callicarpa nudiflora extract improved insulin resistance and reversed the damage in the liver and pancreas caused by diabetes. Furthermore, Callicarpa nudiflora extract increased the expression levels of phospho-AMPK, GLUT4, P-ACC, and insulin receptor substrate-1 and decreased the expression level of PPAR毭 in diabetic rats.Conclusions: Callicarpa nudiflora extract improved oral glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and reversed the diabetes-related damage in the liver and pancreas by activating the AMPK-ACC pathway.

Current Status of Antithrombotic Strategy for Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Acute Coronary Syndrome After Stent Implantation in Beijing Area / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To investigate the current status of antithrombotic strategy for elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after stent implantation in Beijing area and to study the safety and efficacy of different therapeutic strategy. Methods: A total of 467 relevant patients were enrolled by re-travelling electronic medical records from 12 hospitals in Beijing area. The patients' mean age was (78.70±3.32) years and they were divided into 2 groups by antithrombotic therapy condition: Triple therapy group, n=17 (3.64％), Double therapy group, n=450 (96.36％). The incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) including all-caused death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization (TVR), stoke and bleeding was compared between Triple therapy group and Double therapy group.Results: The medication in Double therapy group included aspirin+ticagrelor, aspirin+clopidogrel, clopidogrel+warfarin and cilostazol+clopidogrel; in Triple therapy group was aspirin+clopidogrel+warfarin. Patient with HAS-BLED score≥3 was defined as high risk of bleeding and they were all treated by double therapy; HAS-BLED<3 was defined as low risk of bleeding, only 5.03％ patients were treated by triple therapy. 3 patients in Triple therapy group and 33 in Double therapy group suffered from gastrointestinal bleeding, P=0.338; 6 patients in Triple therapy group and 128 in Double therapy group had MACCE, P=0.589; 3 and 80 patients died in Triple therapy group and Double therapy group, P=0.766. Conclusion: Triple therapy was rarely used in elderly AF and ACS patients after stent implantation, double therapy was the main strategy; the incidence of MACCE and mortality were similar between triple and double therapies; patients with triple therapy had the higher incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Regulatory effect of icariin and oleanolic acid combined with dexamethasone on JAKs/STATs signaling pathway in hormone-resistant CEM-C1 cells / 医学研究生学报

Objective The mechanisms of epimedium and Ligustrum Lucidum with glucocorticoid (GC) acting on asthma are closely related to the regulation of the JAKs / STATs pathway associated with the Th1/Th2 balance in the lung tissue of the asthmatic rats. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of icariin and oleanolic acid with dexamethasone on the protein expressions of JAKs/STATs in GC-sensitive CEM-C7 and GC-resistant CEM-C1 cells.Methods We divided CEM-C7 and CEM-C1 cells into groups A (complete culture medium control), B (dexamethasone at 10-6mol/L), C (icarrin at 100 mg/mL), D (oleanolic acid at 100 mg/mL), E (icarrin+oleanolic acid both at 50 mg/mL), and F (icariin+oleanolic acid+dexamethasone at 50 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL and 10-6 mol/L, respectively), and treated them with corresponding agents for 24 hours. Then, we determined the protein expressions of JAKs (JAK1 and JAK2) and STATs (STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6) in the CEM-C7 and CEM-C1 cells of different groups by Western blot.Results The protein expressions of JAK1 and JAK2 in the CEM-C1 cells were 0.22±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group A, 0.24±0.01 and 0.24±0.01 in group B, 0.23±0.01 and 0.22±0.01 in group C, 0.24±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group D, 0.22±0.01 and 0.21±0.01 in group E, and 0.18±0.01 and 0.19±0.01 in group F, both significantly lower in groups E and F than in B (P<0.01), and in groups C, D and F than in E (P<0.01). The expressions of STAT1 and STAT3 proteins were 0.23±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group A, 0.23±0.01 and 0.22±0.01 in group B, 0.23±0.01 and 0.22±0.01 in group C, 0.23±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group D, 0.18±0.01 and 0.20±0.02 in group E, and 0.17±0.01 and 0.16±0.01 in group F, both remarkably lower in groups E and F than in B (P<0.01), and that of STAT3 even lower in F than in E (P<0.01). The expressions of STAT5 and STAT6 were 0.24±0.01 and 0.24±0.01 in group A, 0.23±0.01 and 0.23±0.02 in group B, 0.23±0.01 and 0.24±0.01 in group C, 0.23±0.01 and 0.24±0.01 in group D, 0.19±0.01 and 0.19±0.01 in group E, and 0.16±0.01 and 0.20±0.02 in group F, both markedly lower in groups E and F than in B (P<0.01), and even lower in F than in E (P<0.01). The protein expressions of JAK1 and JAK2 in the CEM-C7 cells were 0.24±0.01 and 0.22±0.02 in group A, 0.12±0.01 and 0.49±0.01 in group B, 0.23±0.01 and 0.27±0.01 in group C, 0.25±0.01 and 0.25±0.02 in group D, 0.27±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group E, and 0.20±0.01 and 0.32±0.01 in group F, the former increased while the latter decreased significantly in groups B, C, D, E and F as compared with group A (P<0.01), the former even lower and the latter even higher in groups C and F than in E (P<0.01). The expressions of STAT1 and STAT3 were 0.23±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group A, 0.10±0.01 and 0.11±0.02 in group B, 0.27±0.01 and 0.26±0.01 in group C, 0.27±0.01 and 0.27±0.01 in group D, 0.28±0.01 and 0.27±0.01 in group E, and 0.21±0.01 and 0.23±0.02 in group F, both remarkably higher in groups C, D, E and F than in B (P<0.01), though lower in F than in E (P<0.01). The expressions of STAT5 and STAT6 were 0.24±0.01 and 0.24±0.01 in group A, 0.10±0.01 and 0.11±0.02 in group B, 0.23±0.01 and 0.23±0.02 in group C, 0.23±0.01 and 0.23±0.01 in group D, 0.24±0.01 and 0.24±0.01 in group E, and 0.20±0.01 and 0.21±0.05 in group F, both significantly upregulated in groups C, D, E and F as compared with B (P<0.01), though lower in F than in E (P<0.05).Conclusion In case of hormone resistance, icariin and oleanolic acid combined with dexamethasone may regulate the JAKs/STATs signaling pathway and improve the sensitivity to hormone action.

A review of the use of pteridophytes for treating human ailments / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

The aim of this review was to explore the pharmacological activity of early tracheophytes (pteridophytes) as an alternative medicine for treating human ailments. As the first vascular plants, pteridophytes (aka, ferns and fern allies) are an ancient lineage, and human beings have been exploring and using taxa from this lineage for over 2000 years because of their beneficial properties. We have documented the medicinal uses of pteridophytes belonging to thirty different families. The lycophyte Selaginella sp. was shown in earlier studies to have multiple pharmacological activity, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-Alzheimer properties. Among all the pteridophytes examined, taxa from the Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, and Adiantaceae exhibited significant medicinal activity. Based on our review, many pteridophytes have properties that could be used in alternative medicine for treatment of various human illnesses. Biotechnological tools can be used to preserve and even improve their bioactive molecules for the preparation of medicines against illness. Even though several studies have reported medicinal uses of ferns, the possible bioactive compounds of several pteridophytes have not been identified. Furthermore, their optimal dosage level and treatment strategies still need to be determined. Finally, the future direction of pteridophyte research is discussed.

Function of OTUD7B in acute myeloid leukemia cells and its mechanism / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To investigate the biological effect and mechanism of OTUD7B in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Methods: The expression of OTUD7B in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone marrow mononuclear cells of AML patients were detected. The relationship between OTUD7B and survival of AML patients was confirmed by using TCGA database. Mouse model of M2 type AML was established, and the expression of OTUD7B in the bone marrow, spleen and liver of the mice was detected. OTUD7B was overexpressed in AML cell lines HL60 and kasumi1, then the cell viability and cell cycle were measured. The AKT/mTOR pathway proteins were detected after OTUD7B overexpressed and then the cell growth inhibition was detected after overexpression of AKT1. Results: The expression of OTUD7B was lower in primary leukemia cells from all types of AML patients and in the bone marrow, liver and spleen of M2 type AML mice, which was closely related to the survival time of AML patients. OTUD7B overexpression in HL60 and kasumi1 cells significantly inhibited the cell viability and decreased the percentage of S phase cells. OTUD7B significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, and AKT1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of OTUD7B on cell growth. Conclusion: OTUD7B expression is low in primary leukemia cells from AML patients and in bone marrow, liver and spleen of the M2 type AML mice. The survival time of patients with low OTUD7B expression is shorter. Overexpression of OTUD7B significantly inhibited the cell viability of HL60 and kasumi1 cells and the entry of cells into S phase. The inhibitory effect of OTUD7B overexpression on AML cells might be related to the inhibition of AKT / mTOR signaling pathway.

Function of OTUD7B in acute myeloid leukemia cells and its mechanism / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To investigate the biological effect and mechanism of OTUD7B in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.Methods·The expression of OTUD7B in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone marrow mononuclear cells of AML patients were detected.The relationship between OTUD7B and survival of AML patients was confirmed by using TCGA database.Mouse model of M2 type AML was established,and the expression of OTUD7B in the bone marrow,spleen and liver of the mice was detected.OTUD7B was overexpressed in AML cell lines HL60 and kasumil,then the cell viability and cell cycle were measured.The AKT/mTOR pathway proteins were detected after OTUD7B overexpressed and then the cell growth inhibition was detected after overexpression ofAKT1.Results·The expression of OTUD7B was lower in primary leukemia cells from all types of AML patients and in the bone marrow,liver and spleen of M2 type AML mice,which was closely related to the survival time of AML patients.OTUD7B overexpression in HL60 and kasumil cells significantly inhibited the cell viability and decreased the percentage of S phase cells.OTUD7B significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR,and AKT1 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of OTUD7B on cell growth.Conclusion·OTUD7B expression is low in primary leukemia ceils from AML patients and in bone marrow,liver and spleen of the M2 type AML mice.The survival time of patients with low OTUD7B expression is shorter.Overexpression of OTUD7B significantly inhibited the cell viability of HL60 and kasumi 1 cells and the entry of cells into S phase.The inhibitory effect of OTUD7B overexpression on AML cells might be related to the inhibition ofAKT / mTOR signaling pathway.

A Study of Correlation between NDST3 Gene Polymorphism and Schizophrenia Among Han People in Yunnan / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the association between rs11098403 of the NDST3 gene and schizophrenia among Han People in Yunnan. Methods A total of 364 Han patients with schizophrenia and 287 healthy Han people were enrolled in our study. SNaP shot was used to detect the genotype of rs11098403. Positive and Negative Symptoms scale (PANSS) was used to assess the symptoms of schizophrenia.Results No differences were found in the genotype and allele distributions of rs11098403 among patients and the control group (P＞0.05) . The allelic frequencies of rs11098403 showed no significant association with positive symptoms, negative symptoms or general symptoms (P＞0.05) . Conclusions Our study indicated that the association between NDST3 gene and schizophrenia might be specific to European population.

Bone Loss Induced by Simulated Microgravity, Ionizing Radiation and/or Ultradian Rhythms in the Hindlimbs of Rats / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To better understand the pathological causes of bone loss in a space environment, including microgravity, ionizing radiation, and ultradian rhythms.@*METHODS@#Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a baseline group, a control group, a hindlimb suspension group, a radiation group, a ultradian rhythms group and a combined-three-factor group. After four weeks of hindlimb suspension followed by X-ray exposure and/or ultradian rhythms, biomechanical properties, bone mineral density, histological analysis, microstructure parameters, and bone turnover markers were detected to evaluate bone loss in hindlimbs of rats.@*RESULTS@#Simulated microgravity or combined-three factors treatment led to a significant decrease in the biomechanical properties of bones, reduction in bone mineral density, and deterioration of trabecular parameters. Ionizing radiation exposure also showed adverse impact while ultradian rhythms had no significant effect on these outcomes. Decrease in the concentration of the turnover markers bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP), osteocalcin (OCN), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b) in serum was in line with the changes in trabecular parameters.@*CONCLUSION@#Simulated microgravity is the main contributor of bone loss. Radiation also results in deleterious effects but ultradian rhythms has no significant effect. Combined-three factors treatment do not exacerbate bone loss when compared to simulated microgravity treatment alone.

MiR-21 regulates the growth and invasion of liver cancer cells through PDCD4 / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To evaluate the expression of miR-21 in the tissues and cell lines of hepatocellular carcinoma,and to try to find its possible target genes.Methods The expression profile of miR-21 was detected in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines.Mter miR-21 inhibitor was used,the alterations in the vitality and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were observed.The possible target gene of miR-21 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis.The influence of miR-21 inhibitors on the target gene activity was evaluated by dual luciferase reporting gene system.Results The expression level of miR-21 was significantly higher in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues than that in the adjacent ones (P ＜0.05).The expression level of miR-21 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells was significantly higher than that in the hepatic cells (P ＜0.01).After inhibiting miR-21,the viability and invasion ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells were decreased (P ＜ 0.01).The expression level of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in the adjacent tissues (P ＜ 0.01).Its expression level in hepatocellular carcinoma cells was significantly lower than that in the hepatic cells (P ＜ 0.01).After interfering with PDCD4,the vitality and invasion ability of liver cancer cells were increased (P ＜ 0.05).Dual luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that by inhibiting miR-21,the expression level of PDCD4 was up-regulated (P ＜ 0.01).The vitality and invasion ability of liver cancer cells were reduced (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion MiR-21 can regulate the growth and invasion of liver cancer cells through targeting PDCD4.

Research progress on chemical constituents in Callicarpa nudiflora and their pharmacological activities / 中草药

Callicarpa nudiflora is the genuine medicinal material in Hainan province, and is successfully approved as a new variety in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015. Based on a detailed investigation on the literature reports at home and abroad from 1996 to 2016, we have found that the principal chemical constituents were recognized as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, diterpenoids, iridoids, sterols, etc. The biological activities of chemical constituents from C. nudiflora were mainly studied on the hemostasis, anti-inflammation, anti-bacterial, immune-strengthening, and cytotoxic activities. The present paper systematically summarized the previously phytochemical work of C. nudiflora, and the biological activities were also reviewed briefly. The current paper provides the references for the further quality control, pharmacological action study, and utilization of this medicinal plant.