Establishment and verification of method for detection of hydrogen sulfide in organs by fluorescent probe method / 中国药理学通报

Aim To rapidly prepare and purify hydrogen sulfide specific fluorescent probe (WSP-5), establish and optimize the fluorescent probe method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide in animal tissues, and verify the applicability of the method in the model of malignant pleural effusion. Methods The preparation solvent of fluorescent probe reaction solution, DMSO addition volume, pH, reaction solution solvent and reaction solution volume, sample pretreatment temperature, grinding times, and standing time after grinding were investigated. The mouses model of malignant pleural effusion was established with S-180 ascites tumor cells, and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in various organs and tissues of the model animal was measured. Results After optimization, silica gel and dextran gel were used as stationary phases, dichloromethane methanol formic acid (60: 1: 0.1, V/V/V) and dichloromethane methanol (1: 1, V/V) were used as eluents for separation and purification, and the first eluting component was taken to prepare WSP-5 with a purity of more than 700 mg. Animal tissue samples and sodium hydrosulfide standard solution were added with 5 times of cold reaction solution, after low temperature vibration grinding, highspeed centrifugation, the supernatant was incubated in dark for 12 hours, the fluorescence intensity was measured by fluorescent microplate reader. Hydrogen sulfide concentration was calculated according to the standard curve. The LOD of this method was about 0. 6 |JLmol • L

Screening of quality markers and activity verification of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma based on small molecule compound-protein interaction / 中国中药杂志

In order to solve the problem of weak correlation between quality control components and efficacy of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, this study detected the interaction between small molecular chemical components of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and total proteins of various organs of mice by fluorescence quenching method to screen potential active components. The 27 chemical components in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were detected by HPLC and their deletion rates in 34 batches of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were calculated. Combined with the principle of component effectiveness and measurability, the potential quality markers(Q-markers) of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were screened. RAW264.7 macrophage injury model was induced by microplastics. The cell viability and nitric oxide content were detected by CCK-8 and Griess methods. The levels of inflammatory factors(TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CRP) and oxidative stress markers(SOD, MDA, GSH) were detected by the ELISA method to verify the activity of Q-markers. It was found that the interaction strength between different chemical components and organ proteins in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma was different, reflecting different organ selectivity and 18 active components were screened out. Combined with the signal-to-noise ratio of the HPLC chromatographic peaks and between-run stability of the components, seven chemical components such as liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin and ammonium glycyrrhizinate were finally screened as potential Q-markers of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. In vitro experiments showed that Q-markers of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma could dose-dependently alleviate RAW264.7 cell damage induced by microplastics, inhibit the secretion of inflammatory factors, and reduce oxidative stress. Under the same total dose, the combination of various chemical components could synergistically enhance anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects compared with the single use. This study identified Q-markers related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, which can provide a reference for improving the quality control standards of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

Analysis of Varieties and Characteristics of Plant Tibetan Medicine in The Stainless Crystal Minrror：A Tibetan Materia Medica / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Tibetan medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine with a long history，complete theories and rich contents. As the core of the sustainable development of Tibetan medicine，the reserve of Tibetan medicine is an important strategic resource of the country. The Stainless Crystal Minrror：A Tibetan Materia Medica is based on the classic book Crystal Pearl Materia Medica. Combined with modern Tibetan medicine，it has collected and introduced more than 1 430 Tibetan medicines and equipped with more than 1 200 colorful pictures of medicinal materials，which has important reference value for the research of Tibetan medicines and the establishment of quality standards. This paper starts from three perspectives of "data analysis-plant distribution-Tibetan medicine classification". Based on The Stainless Crystal Minrror：A Tibetan Materia Medica，the database of plant Tibetan medicine was constructed and analyzed statistically，and the correlation between regional distribution，medicinal parts，altitude and medicinal properties of plant Tibetan medicine was explored. The results showed that The Stainless Crystal Minrror：A Tibetan Materia Medica contained 711 plant medicines，involving 127 families and 368 genera. Angiosperms accounted for 94.1%，among which compositae had 34 genera and 74 species，occupying the first place. There are 10 medicinal parts of plant Tibetan medicine，of which 327 species （44.9%） use whole grass.The average altitude of Tibetan medicine is 3 500 m，among which 81.0% grow above 3 000 m.There is a relationship between altitude and medicinal parts and taste Classification of Tibetan medicines is usually based on the classification of the general drug name，Tibetan name，primitive and family. The analysis of plant medicine resource varieties in The Stainless Crystal Minrror：A Tibetan Materia Medica is beneficial to the effective utilization of Tibetan medicine plant resources.

Efficacy and safety of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton for the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy and safety of Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) for the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP).@*METHODS@#Sixty patients with clinically and pathologically diagnosed EOLP were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group according to the random number. Patients in the experimental group were treated with lyophilized powder containing Nr-CWS combined with normal saline. Patients in the control group received topical placebo without Nr-CWS combined with normal saline. Changes in the EOLP lesion area and the patient's pain level were recorded at the timepoints of weeks 1, 2, and 4 after the two different treatments, respectively. The changes of the patient's REU scoring system (reticulation, erythema, ulceration), the visual analogue scale and the oral health impact score (OHIP-14) were compared between the experimental group and control group after treatment, and the safety indicators of the two groups at the initial diagnosis and after 4 weeks' treatment were also observed, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 62 patients with clinically and pathologically diagnosed EOLP were enrolled, 2 of whom were lost to the follow-up, with 31 in the experimental group, and 29 in the control group. The mean age of the experimental group and control group were (52.9±12.4) years and (54.07±12.40) years, respectively. There was no significant difference in the oral periodontal index between the experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, the erosive area of oral lichen planus was significantly reduced 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the Nr-CWS's treatment (P < 0.05), the reduction rate was 81.75%, the patient's pain index was also decreased (P < 0.05), and in addition, the OHIP-14 was reduced (P < 0.05). The changes of the REU scoring system, the visual analogue scale and the OHIP-14 were significantly different between the experimental group and control group after treatment. There was no significant difference in the safety index between the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The priliminary data show that the Nr-CWS is effective and safe to treat EOLP.

Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema associated with Lung Malignancy:Case Report and Literature Review / 中国医学科学院学报

Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema(RS3PE),the inflammatory arthritis attacking mainly elderly males,is characterized by symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema of the dorsum of hands and feet and the absence of rheumatoid factor.RS3PE commonly accompanies malignant tumor,infections and other diseases.Here we report a case of RS3PE associated with lung malignancy and review other six cases to summarize the clinical features,treatment and prognosis.

Precise implant insertion technology for measuring dental implant placement / 华西口腔医学杂志

Identifying the ideal implantation site is important for the long-term stability and effectiveness of follow-up restorations. Implant surgical guide and navigation are used to determine the implantation site in clinic and improve the precision of implantation. However, due to difficulties in digital methods, such as multiple procedures, high cost, and actual accuracy of more than 1 mm, many physicians still prefer to operate with free hand. In preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedures, time-saving and practical methods for implant site evaluation are lacking. In many cases, oral physicians found that the position deviates only by cone beam CT, which was costly to modify the position. In this article, we presented a precise implantation insertion technology that is guided by a measurable technique throughout the implantation application for all implant systems. This method was guided by a dynamic control measuring ruler, which functions together with the measuring and intraoperative locating rulers. The 3D space of the operative area was measured by a measuring ruler prior to operation, and the implant plan and quantitative guidance design were conducted according to the measured and cone beam CT data. The whole implantation process was guided by the dynamic control measuring ruler, and measuring verification results were also considered. This method can realize the quantification of the entire preoperative space analysis, intraoperative precise implantation guidance, and postoperative site measurement and evaluation. This practical technique also helps to adjust the position, improve the implantation accuracy and is suitable in generalizing dental implantation.

Role of Ca~(2+)/CaN signaling pathway in BPA-induced IL-6 secretion in macrophages / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of calcium ion(Ca~(2+))/calcineurin(CaN) signaling pathway in bisphenol A(BPA)-induced interleukin-6(IL-6) secretion in macrophages. METHODS: Raw 264.7 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group, activator group, BPA low-, medium-and high-dose groups and inhibitor group. The cells in control group were treated with 0.10% dimethyl sulfoxide. The activator group was treated with lipopolysaccharide at mass concentration of 2 mg/L. The 3 BPA groups were treated with BPA at final concentrations of 1, 10, or 100 μmol/L. Two sets of verapamil or tacrolimus(FK506) groups were given verapamil at the final concentration of 10 or 30 μmol/L; or final concentration of FK506 at 250 or 500 nmol/L. Then the cells were treated with final concentration of 100 μmol/L BPA. The cells were collected at 4, 12, and 24 hours. The mRNA expression of IL-6 and CaN at 4 and 12 hours were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The relative expression of IL-6 and CaN protein was detected at 24 hours by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the intracellular Ca~(2+) level was detected at 4 hours using a single-tube multi-function detector. RESULTS: At 12 hours, the mRNA expression of IL-6 in the 100 μmol/L BPA group was higher than that in control group, activator group and the 1 and 10 μmol/L BPA groups(P<0.05), and higher than that in the 10 and 30 μmol/L verapamil groups, and in the 250 and 500 nmol/L FK506 groups(P<0.05). The mRNA expression of CaN in the 100 μmol/L BPA group was higher than that in control group, activator group and 1 and 10 μmol/L BPA groups(P<0.05), and higher than in 10 and 30 μmol/L verapamil groups(P<0.05). The relative expression of IL-6 protein in the 100 μmol/L BPA group was higher than that in control group, activator group and 1 and 10 μmol/L BPA groups(P<0.05). The relative expression of CaN protein in 100 μmol/L BPA group and 10 and 30 μmol/L verapamil groups were higher than that in control group and activator group(P<0.05). The relative expression of CaN protein in the 10 and 30 μmol/L verapamil groups were lower than that in the 100 μmol/L BPA group(P<0.05). The intracellular Ca~(2+) level in the 100 μmol/L BPA group was higher than that in control group and activator group(P<0.05). The intracellular Ca~(2+) level in the 10 μmol/L verapamil group was lower than that in the 100 μmol/L BPA group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: BPA might promote the secretion of IL-6 through Ca~(2+)/CaN signaling pathway in macrophages.

CT and MRI Imaging Findings of Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Tumor / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 To summarize the CT and MRI imaging features of gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor.【Methods】 CT and MRI data of 10 patients with gallbladder neuroendocrine tumors proven by surgical pathology between January 2010 and May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them，6 patients underwent CT examination，3 underwent MRI examination，and 1 patient underwent both CT and MRI examinations. The size，morphologic features and contrast enhancement pattern of gallbladder tumors，and the presence of liver metastasis，bile duct and perihepatic metastasis，lymph node metastasis，and the presence of gallbladder stone were assessed.【Results】Among these 10 cases of gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor，the largest dimension of tumors ranged from 39 mm to 120 mm. The tumors manifest? ed as a mass protruding into the lumen with a broad base adhering to the wall of the gallbladder. In 7 patients who had undergone CT examination，the tumors manifested as an irregular mass with soft tissue density on CT. In 4 patients who had undergone MRI，the tumors showed homogeneous iso-intense signal on T1-weightedimaging，heterogenous hyper-intense signal on T2- weighted imaging，and limited diffusion on diffusion- weighted imaging. All tumors in 10 patients showed moderate，heterogeneous and persistent enhancement. Eight patients had liver metastasis，among whom 7 had metastases in liver segments 4 and 5，and 1 had multiple metastases in other liver segments. Six patients had bile duct invasion and 3 had hilar fat invasion. Seven patients had lymph node metastasis. One patient had gallstone.【Conclusion】Gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor has certain characteristic CT and MRI findings，such as a large mass in gallbladder，which tends to invade adjacent liver parenchyma，and extend along gallbladder neck and gallbladder ducts，accompanied with hepatic portal and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis，and hilar fat invasion.

Quality control of human chorionic gonadotrophin subunit dissociation / 药学学报

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), a glycohormone widely used in treatment of infertility, is a heterodimer composed of an alpha-and a beta-subunit. The heterodimer could be dissociated during production and storage with an impact on its bioactivity. A CE-SDS method for quantitative analysis of hCG subunit dissociation was established in this study by optimization of a variety of method conditions including sample preparation buffer compositions, incubation temperature, separation voltage, and capillary temperature. This method was validated for good sensitivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy for both α-and β-subunit. CE-SDS also showed much better precision and accuracy than SDS-PAGE. The method was successfully used in both recombinant hCG (r-hCG) produced by cell culture and hCG (u-hCG) derived from urine. The CE-SDS method was used in the study of hCG development and stability. Therefore, it is an useful tool for the quality control of hCG.

Determination of nine kinds of nucleosides in Spirodelae Herba from different habitats by UPLC-MS/MS / 中草药

Objective: To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of nine kinds of nucleosides in Spirodelae Herba, and analyze and investigate the difference of nucleosides ingredients in samples from 13 habitats. Methods: The determination was performed on the Waters XbridgeTM Amide-C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm), the 0.1% formic acid-water (A) and 0.1% acetonitrile-water (B) in gradient elution as mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. MS instrument was equipped with ESI+ ion source. Gaining the extracted ion chromatograms, then the peak area for quantitative, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to comprehensive evaluation. Results: All nine kinds of nucleoside showed good linearity (r ≥ 0.998 9). The RSD of the precision, repeatability, and stability tests were less than 3.5%. The average recovery rates were in the range of 94.4%-101.9%, RSD were in the range of 1.73% - 3.58%. There are differences in the composition and content from different habitats. The content of 2'-deoxyuridine and 2'-deoxyinosine in the lower levels, cytosine was the lowest, while the contents of uridine, inosine, and xanthine were in higher levels. The largest content was in Spirodelae Herba from Huangshan, Anhui province. Conclusion: The method for the simultaneous determination of the nine kinds of nucleosides is simple, accurate, and reproducible, that will provide the basis for the formulation of herbs Spirodelae Herba for quality control standards.

Multi-level identification and analysis about infrared spectroscopy of lophatheri herba / 中国中药杂志

Based on the infrared spectra of Lophatheri Herba and Commelinae Herba, one-dimensional infrared spectra, second derivative spectra and two-dimensional correlated spectra were used to find out the differences between Lophatheri Herba and its imitations, respectively. The common peak ratio and variant peak ratio dual-indexes sequential were calculated and established according to infrared spectra of eleven batches of herbs. Infrared spectral data of Lophatheri Herba cluster analysis was applied to explore the similarity between each sample. The grouping results trend of sequential analysis of dual-indexes and cluster analysis was accordant. The results showed that the differences could be found by multi-level identification, and the source and the quality of the herbs could be effectively distinguished by the two analysis methods. Infrared spectroscopy, used in the present work exhibited some advantages on quick procedures, less sample required, and reliable results, which could provide a new method for the identification of traditional Chinese medicine with the imitations and adulterants, and the control of quality and origin.

Clinical effect analysis of ankylosing spondylitis treated by Chinese medical syndrome differentiation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the curative effect and safety of Bushen Qiangji Decoction (BQD) and Qingre Qiangji Decoction (QQD) in treating ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, and to verify the clinical utility of AS syndrome differentiation and treatment scheme [Shen-deficiency induced stasis obstruction syndrome (SDISOS) and dampness-heat obstruction syndrome (DHOS) being two basic syndrome types, Shen invigorating blood activating method (SIBAM) and heat clearing dampness resolving method (HCDRM) being two basic treatment methods].</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 354 AS patients of SDISOS and DHOS were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group using a multi-center randomized, positive drug parallel-controlled clinical trail. Patients in treatment group were treated by BQD or QQD according to syndrome typing, while those in the control group took Sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablet (SECT), 24 weeks as one therapeutic course. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated by using ASAS20 standard (set by Asessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis working group), Chinese medical efficacy evaluation standards, and BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, night-pain index, spinal pain index, PGA, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 24 weeks of treatment by BQD or QQD, ASAS20 standard rate was 86.75% in the treatment group, and the total effective rate of Chinese medical syndrome was 85.47%. They could significantly reduce patients' integrals of Chinese medical syndrome, BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, night-pain index, spinal pain index, and PGA (all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>QQD and BQD got confirmable clinical effects in treating AS, providing strong evidence of evidence-based medicine for syndrome differentiation and treatment of AS.</p>

Clinical research strategy for cN0 thyroid papillary carcinoma central lymph node dissection / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the pattern of central lymph node metastasis of cN0 single thyroid papillary carcinoma and provide clinical evidence-supported proof for central lymph node dissection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The performed thyroidectomy and bilateral central lymph node dissection for 150 patients with cN0 single papillary thyroid carcinoma. The bilateral central lymph nodes were divided into 4 parts: the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of ipsilateral central area, the lower part of ipsilateral central area, the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of contralateral central area, the lower part of contralateral central area on the baseline of 1 cm below the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae. We analyzed the differences and influencing factors of lymph node metastasis in these 4 parts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lymph node metastasis rate in lower part of ipsilateral central area was the highest (56.7%), followed by the lower part of contralateral central area (28.0%), the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of ipsilateral central area (17.3%), and the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of contralateral central area (0). In the logistic analysis of multiple factors, invaded thyroid capsule was an independent factor for lymph node metastasis in both the cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of ipsilateral central area (β = 0.1835, χ(2) = 0.3102, P < 0.05) and lower part of contralateral area (β = 0.3166, χ(2) = 1.4640, P < 0.05). The patients' age ≥ 45 years (β = 0.5737, χ(2) = 6.5923) and invaded thyroid capsule (β = 0.4258, χ(2) = 3.4735) were independent factors for lower part of ipsilateral central area (both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae region of contralateral central area of cN0 single PTC patients could not be cleared routinely.</p>

Lateral neck lymph node metastasis in cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the pattern of lymph node spread in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with clinically negative node (cN0).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 106 patients with cN0 PTC who underwent total or subtotal thyroidectomy plus unilateral or bilateral lateral neck dissection (LND, level II-V or level I-V) at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between April 2004 and August 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lateral neck lymph node metastasis in cN0 PTC was significantly associated with sex (male, P = 0.007), tumor stage (T3/T4, P = 0.006), tumor size (> 1 cm, P = 0.014) and the number of positive central lymph nodes (≥ 2, P < 0.001), but not with age and multifocal tumor. Level III (47/116, 40.5%) was the most prevalent metastatic site, followed by level IV (41/116, 35.3%), level II (18/116, 15.5%) and level V (2/29, 6.9%). Of the cases with lymph node metastases in level III and IV, 89.8% (79/88) of primary thyroid tumors existed in the lower and middle sites of the thyroid lobes, while in the cases with lymph node metastases in level II, 77.8% (14/18) of primary thyroid tumors in the upper sites of the thyroid lobes, and 83.3% of cases with level II metastases were accompanied with level III metastases. Two cases with level V metastases were accompanied with metastases in levels II, III and IV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LND should be considered for cN0 PTC in male, with T3/T4 lesions and positive central lymph nodes ≥ 2, and the range of dissection should include level III and IV. Dissection of level II should be considered in cN0 PTC with primary tumor localized in the upper site of the thyroid lobe or with level III metastasis. Dissection of level V should be considered at present of metastases in level II, III, and IV. For cN0 PTC with tumor size < 1 cm, confined to the thyroid and without lymph node metastasis in the central compartment, LND is not recommended.</p>

The effects of high fat diet and endurance exercise on the aorta wall structure of experimental animal / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Based on high fat diet induced the model of atherosclerosis (AS) in C57BL/6J mice, authors studied the effect of endurance exercise on the atherosclerostic formation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty eight 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups randomly (n=12): control (group N), 12-week atherosclerosis model group(group H), 12-week atherosclerosis model plus 11-week treadmill training group (group H + E) and 22-week atherosclerosis model group (group HS). Then, we observed the effects of endurance exercise on the ultra structure of aorta by electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty weeks of high fat diet could result in serious AS in mice while endurance exercise could significantly antagonize or restrain the occur of AS. In addition, 10 weeks of endurance exercise could alleviate the symptom of pathological changes which already happened on aorta wall.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It indicated that endurance exercise could effectively prevent and cure AS that induced by high fat diet.</p>

Tumors of different histological type in unilateral salivary glands: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Tumors of synchronous benign and malignant in unilateral salivary glands have rarely been reported. A case of 21-year-old girl who was diagnosed as synchronously adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left parotid and pleomorphic adenoma of the left submandibular gland. The classification, clinic pathology, diagnosis, possible mechanism were discussed based on similar literatures.

Study on a wireless energy transmission system for the noninvasive examination micro system inside alimentary tracts / 中国医疗器械杂志

A wireless energy transmission system for the MEMS system inside alimentary tracts is reported here in the paper. It consists of an automatic frequency tracking circuit of phase lock loop and phase shift PWM control circuit. Experimental results show that the energy transmission system is capable of automatic frequency-tracking and transmission power-adjusting and has stable received energy.

Function of P63 on the development of salivary glands / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of P63 in human salivary gland development and the existing of salivary gland stem cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>24 embryonic salivary gland samples in different stage, 10 normal salivary gland samples were collected. HE-stained and immunochemistry stain were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It could be seen on the HE-stained sections that the epithelial buds proliferated to form the epithelial branches and duct systems, finally the terminal cells differentiated into ductal, myoepithelial and acinous. During the development of salivary gland, the expression of P63 was gradually reduced. In normal adult salivary gland samples, the positive cell interspersed in the basal layer of intercalated duct, secretory duct and excretory duct.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>P63 plays an important role in human salivary gland development. The result of our experiment shows the distributive characteristic of salivary gland stem cells, which exist abroad in bud stage, but decrease and only exist in the basal layer of ducts in normal adult salivary gland.</p>

Effect of focal adhesion kinase on biological characteristics of Tca8113 tongue squamous cell carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of FAK on biological characteristics of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell Tca8113.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Lipofect was used to transfect FAK into Tca8113 cell lines. The difference in expression of FAK between the transfected and non-transfected cell lines was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Then by use of transwell room and wash way, the difference in invasion and adhesion ability between the transfected and non-transfected cell lines was tested. MTT method was adopted in finding the change of proliferation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RT-PCR analysis showed that the FAK gene was downregulated by Tca8113 cells. FAK expression was significantly down regulated by the transfection of FAK ASODN (P<0.05). Antisense FAK ODN significantly inhibited proliferation, adhesion and the invasion of Tca8113 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FAK plays an important role on biological characteristics of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell Tca8113.</p>

Analysis of factors leading to prescheduled analgesic withdrawal in patients with postoperative epidural analgesia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the factors leading to prescheduled analgesic withdrawal in patients with postoperative epidural analgesia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study of 4876 patients with postoperative epidural analgesia was conducted and the effect of analgesia and incidence of prescheduled analgesic withdrawal were recorded. The factors precipitating the occurrences of analgesic withdrawal and complications were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Early analgesic withdrawal occurred in 113 cases (2.3%), among which 74 (0.5%) were due to factors irrelevant to analgesic complications. Analgesia-related complications occurred in 578 patients, but only 39 (0.7%) of them needed discontinuation of the analgesics.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prescheduled analgesic withdrawal is predominantly due to technical inadequacies rather than complications arising from the analgesics, and improvement of the operation skills for postoperative analgesia may reduce early analgesia discontinuation and enhance the patients' satisfaction.</p>