Fecal rotavirus and adenovirus antigen detection and clinical analysis of children with acute gastroenteritis in a hospital of Beijing City from 2019 to 2022 / 中华预防医学杂志

As a single-center retrospective study, we analyzed the results of rotavirus and human adenovirus antigens in stool samples with colloidal gold immunochromatography method in children with acute gastroenteritis under the age of five who were treated in our hospital from 2019 to 2022. After excluding nonconforming cases and duplicate cases, 2 896 cases were included, of which 559 cases were detected with at least one viral antigen. According to the test results, they were divided into RV positive group, HAdV positive group and RV & HAdV double positive group. The gender, age, seasonal distribution, clinical symptoms and related laboratory tests were compared and analyzed with χ2 test, analysis of variance and nonparametric test. Among the single samples from 2 896 children, the positive rate of RV antigen was 6.21% (180/2 896), the positive rate of HAdV antigen was 10.91% (316/2 896), and the double positive rate of RV & HAdV was 2.18% (63/2 896). The positive rate of HAdV antigen in 2021 was 16.11%, a significant increase compared with 6.20% in 2020. RV infection has obvious seasonality, and spring and winter are the seasons with high incidence of infection (χ2=74.018, P<0.001), while HAdV infection has no obvious seasonality (χ2=2.110, P=0.550), showing sporadic infection throughout the year. The proportions of fever and vomiting symptoms in children with RV infection were significantly higher than those in the HAdV infection group (χ2=40.401, P<0.001; χ2=32.593, P<0.001), but the positive rate of white blood cells in the stool was significantly lower than that in the HAdV infection group (χ2=13.741,P<0.01). In summary, paying attention to the epidemiological changes of RV and HAdV is of great significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment and disease prevention and control.

A Retrospective Study of Culture-confirmed Mycobacterial Infection among Hospitalized HIV-infected Patients in Beijing, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

A retrospective analysis was performed in two major HIV/AIDS referral hospitals in Beijing to evaluate the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections in HIV-infected patients. A total of 627 patients' data were reviewed, and 102 (16.3%) patients were diagnosed with culture-confirmed mycobacterial infection, including 84 with MTB, 16 with NTM, and 2 with both MTB and NTM. The most frequent clinical complication by mycobacterial infection was pulmonary infection (48/102, 47.1%). The overall rates of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) were 11.9% and 3.4%, respectively. This study underlines the urgent need to intensify screening for mycobacteria coinfection with HIV and to prevent the spread of drug-resistant TB among HIV-infected patients.

Molecular Characteristics and Drug Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Patients Co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Beijing, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

70 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from AIDS patients in two HIV/AIDS referral hospitals in Beijing were used in this study. M. tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) were identified by using multi-locus PCR. M. tuberculosis was genotyped by using 15-locus MIRU-VNTR technique and spoligotyping afterwards. Meanwhile, the drug susceptibilities of the strains to the four first-line anti TB drugs (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, and ethambutol) and the four second-line anti-TB drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, ofloxacin, and ethionanide) were tested with proportional method. In this study, M. tuberculosis and NTM strains isolated from AIDS patients with TB-like symptoms were identified and genotyping analysis indicated that Beijing genotype was the predominant genotype. In addition, the prevalence of drug-resistant TB, especially the prevalence of XDR-TB, was higher than that in TB patients without HIV infection.

Detection and evaluation of serum GP73, a resident Golgi glycoprotein, as a marker in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to determine if Golgi protein-73 (GP73) is up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to explore the possibility of using GP73 in diagnosis and treatment of HCC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum GP73 was detected by a quantitative ELISA assay. A total of 372 serum samples were included, among them 43 from healthy donors (Normal), 110 from either chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis (CH/LC), and 219 from HCC patients. The levels of GP73 were compared among the 3 groups. The received operating curve (ROC), sensitivity and specificity of GP73 for HCC patients were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average level of GP73 expression in normal, CH/LC and HCC groups were (22.1 ± 8.5) ng/ml, (81.4 ± 57.2) ng/ml and (271.5 ± 202.3) ng/ml, respectively. Serum GP73 levels were significantly higher in patients with HCC compared to those with CH/LC (P < 0.001). The GP73 area under ROC was 0.857. Put 100 ng/ml as the optimal cut-off point, GP73 had a sensitivity of 76.7% and a specifically of 73.2%. GP73 level had a significantly higher sensitivity than AFP (32.0%) in diagnosis of early HCC (P < 0.001). Moreover, GP73 level was elevated in the serum (72.5%, 108/149) of individuals with HCC who had serum AFP level less than 400 ng/ml. Following-up study of 4 HCC patients with low level AFP indicated that GP73 was associated with treatment and prognosis of HCC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Higher level of GP73 can be found in the serum of patients with HCC than those without. GP73 is better than AFP for the diagnosis of early HCC and in evaluating treatment result in patients with normal AFP. Further studies may help to validate both the role and mechanism of GP73 in diagnosis of HCC.</p>

Analysis of SCCmec genotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility tests in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the SCCmec genotyping, subtype and antimicrobial susceptibility tests in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus to guide the clinical treatment and provide the proof for molecular epidemiology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To detect mecA gene and SCCmec genetyping and subtype in 50 MRSA by PCR. According to CLSI's guideline, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed with disk diffusion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 50 MRSA had mecA genes. 45 strains were SCCmec III types; 3 strains were SCCmec III A types; 2 strains were SCCmec II types. There were no SCCmec I and SCCmec IV types. SCCmec II, SCCmec III and SCCmec III A type strains were all multiresistant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>50 MRSA are all multiresistant. SCCmec III are the main types.</p>

A transcriptional study of SDF-1alpha expression in PBL and the correlation between SDF-1alpha transcription and HIV-1 infection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the transcription of SDF-1alpha in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and analysis the correlation between SDF-1alpha transcription and HIV infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three groups of study subjects were recruited: (1) 97 HIV negative healthy donors, (2) 92 HIV patients of A1 to A3 stages and (3) 146 HIV patients of B1 to C3 stages. Total RNA was extracted from PBL. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and quantification PCR were developed for the SDF-1alpha transcriptional study. R1 value was calculated based on the ratio of SDF-1alpha copies to beta-globin copies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SDF-1alpha transcription is heterogeneous among the three study groups. The SDF-1alpha transcription was significantly up-regulated during late stage of HIV infection than the healthy donors. Correlation analysis indicated that R1 value was negatively correlated to CD4+ T cells counts (P = 0.002); and positively correlated to virus load (P = 0.001). The result demonstrated an association between SDF-1alpha transcription and disease progression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SDF-1alpha transcription was significantly up-regulated during late stage of HIV infection. It would be worthwhile to determine the mechnism of HIV affecting on SDF-1alpha genes transcription and the up-regulated SDF-1alpha expression on the disease progression.</p>

Analysis of liver function index and clinical characters in 122 patients with acute hepatitis E virus coinfection with other hepatitis virus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the liver function index and clinical characters in 122 patients with acute hepatitis E virus overlapping with other infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The liver function index and clinical characters of 122 patients with acute hepatitis E virus overlapping infection and 40 patients with acute hepatitis E were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL were found between acute hepatitis E groups and overlapping infection hepatitis A or hepatitis B (P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences of Albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLO) were found between acute hepatitis E groups and overlapping infection hepatitis B (P < 0.01). In acute hepatitis E overlapping infected hepatitis B or hepatitis A patients, more and severe complications were also observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The patients with acute Hepatitis E virus, especially Hepatitis E virus overlapping infection, need to pay more clinical monitor, prevent complication early and lower death rates.</p>

RANTES gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and expression in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) plays a critical role in T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation. The process is involved in both acute and chronic phases of inflammation. The present study was to ascertain the possible correlations between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the RANTES gene polymorphisms and their expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study included 130 HBV negative healthy donors and 152 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to detect RANTES gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RANTES levels in the platelet depleted plasma were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RANTES alleles -403G, -28C and In1.1T were the predominant alleles in the subjects studied. No significant correlation was found between CHB infection and the RANTES alleles, while a significant correlation was found between CHB infection and increased RANTES expression in platelet depleted plasma (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SNPs in RANTES gene do not affect chronic HBV infection or the outcome of interferon-alpha treatment in patients positive for HBV "e" antigen (HBeAg+). However, patients with CHB infection express the higher levels of plasma RANTES, which is thus associated with CHB infection.</p>