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Grid management plays an important role in improving the efficiency of social service management. The authors explored the establishment of a nosocomial infection grid management model and implemented it at a tertiary general hospital in Shanghai. χ2 test results showed that since the hospital fully implemented the grid management model in early 2016, the number of hospital infections, surgical site infections, type I surgical incision infections, and ventilator-related pneumonia had shown a downward trend year by year. The number of inspections before the use of antibacterial drugs, the number of blood cultures submitted for fever patients, and the timing of hand hygiene compliance showed an increasing trend year by year( P<0.05), and the management of nosocomial infection was more effective than the previous period. The application of grid management model required establishment of grid organization structure, control of key links, implementation of the special personnel responsibility, formulation of a performance evaluation system, and implementation of incentive measures. The grid management model can significantly reduce the risk of hospital infection, improve the efficiency of hospital infection management, and was valuable to be applicated and promoted in medical institutions.
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Objective:To investigate the anti-rejection effect of the berberine combined with ciclosporin A (CsA) against mice with xenogenic skin transplantation and explore the mechanisms.Methods:The skin transplantation model was established by an operation, tergal skin flaps from BALB/c donor mice were transplanted to the back of C57BL/6 recipient mice. Then recipient mice were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n=20), namely sham (0.5% CMC-Na), model (0.5% CMC-Na), berberine (100 mg/kg), CsA (10 mg/kg), berberine combined with CsA (berberine 100 mg/kg and CsA 5 mg/kg). All recipient mice were intraperitoneally administered once a day for 10 days. The skin graft survival time of all mice were noted everyday. At the end of the experiment, the levels of Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in plasma were detected by ELISA, and quantity of CD4 + CD25 + T cells were analysed by flow cytometry. Results:Compared with model group, the survival days of skin graft of those in groups treated with drugs were all significantly prolonged ( P<0.01). Berberine combined with CsA group showed a longer survival days than berberine or CsA group ( P<0.01). Compared to the model group, the content of IL-2 (11.55 ± 3.14 pg/ml vs. 19.85 ± 2.42 pg/ml), IFN-γ (26.41 ± 6.20 pg/ml vs. 57.23 ± 10.15 pg/ml) of berberine combined with ciclosporin A group significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The content of IL-4 (192.45 ± 70.12 pg/ml vs. 61.09 ± 21.61 pg/ml), IL-10 (106.79 ± 27.83 pg/ml vs. 40.08 ± 11.23 pg/ml) of berberine combined with ciclosporin A group significantly increased ( P<0.05). The amount of CD4 + CD25 + T cells (7.65% ± 2.42% vs. 3.69% ± 0.83%) in berberine combined with ciclosporin A group significantly increased ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The immunosuppressive effect of berberine combined with CsA maybe related with induction of immune tolerance, balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines and increasement of CD4 + CD25 + T cells expression.
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Objective:To investigate the protective effects of quercetin ( QU) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion ( MI/R) injury in rats and the underlying mechanisms. Methods:MI/R injury model in rats was prepared by coronary artery ligation for 30 min fol-lowed by 120 min reperfusion. And then the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, QU (25, 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 ) groups, the model group and the sham group (n=10). QU was orally administered once a day for 7 days before the operation. The CK and LDH activities and TNF-α and IL-1β levels in serum were examined respectively by colorimetric and ELISA method after the reperfusion. Besides, the area of myocardial infarction was calculated and MPO activity in heart homogenate was detected. Results:QU (100 and 50 mg·kg-1 ) could significantly reduced the area of myocardial infarction to 25. 00% and 25. 31%, respectively, and compared with that of 32. 55% in the model group, the difference was significant (P<0. 05). The CK activity in the three QU groups was 779. 82, 793.90 and 870.86 U·L-1, respectively, which was significantly lower than that (1 123.78 U·L-1) in the model group (P<0. 01). The LDH activity in the three QU groups was 2 138. 21, 2 277. 40 and 2 416. 53 U·L-1, respectively, which was significant-ly lower than that (3 105.32 U·L-1) in the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with that (311.72 U·g-1) in the model group, the MPO activity in heart homogenate in the three QU groups was reduced to 185. 70, 190. 66 and 210. 03 U·g-1 , re-spectively (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Compared with that (119. 55 pg·ml-1) in the model group, QU (100 and 50 mg·kg-1) signif-icantly reduced the level of TNF-αto 97. 48 and 97. 54 pg·ml-1, respectively (P<0. 05). Compared with that (673. 34 pg·ml-1) in the model group, IL-1βlevel in serum in the three QU groups was evidently reduced to 419. 26, 438. 72 and 492. 53 pg·ml-1 , re-spectively (P<0. 01). Conclusion:The effectiveness of QU pretreatment in MI/R injury appears to be associated with the inhibition of neutrophil infiltration and expression of inflammatory cytokines.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of paeonol on aortic nuclear factor-kappaB ( NF-κB) activity and blood lipid levels in the rats with atherosclerosis ( AS) . Methods:The AS rat model was established by administration of high-fat diet and vitamin D3 ( i. p. ). The rats were divided into 5 groups (n=8) randomly, namely the normal group, model group, positive control group(simvasta-tin, 10 mg·kg-1 ) and paeonol groups with the dose of 20 and 10 mg·kg-1 , respectively. After the 4-week treatment, the serum of rats was collected to determine the lipid levels. The aortic pathologic changes of AS rats were observed under a microscope, and then graded, and aortic NF-κB activity was detected by an immunohistochemistry method. Results:Administration of paeonol improved the severity of aortic pathology in AS rats. The pathologic grade in the paeonol group (20 mg·kg-1 ) showed a significant difference com-pared with that in the model group (P<0. 05). Paeonol (20 and 10 mg·kg-1) markedly decreased the TG, TC and LDL-C levels in the serum of AS rats (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Meanwhile, paeonol significantly inhibited the aortic NF-κB activity(IOD value) with (1. 96 ± 0. 55) and (2. 50 ± 0. 80) in 20 and 10 mg·kg-1 group, respectively, which showed significant differences compared with that in the model group (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion:Paeonol shows certain therapeutic effect in AS rats, and the mechanisms may be related with the regulation of lipid mobilization and the inhibition of aortic NF-κB activity.