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Objective To investigate the present status and influencing factors of psychological distress among psychiatric nurses, and provide theoretical basis for intervention measures. Methods Totally, 812 psychiatric nurses in six psychiatric hospitals of Shandong province were selected to complete the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Perceived Organizational Support(POS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ) and Emotion regulation questionnaire(ERQ). Results The mean scores of psychological distress among psychiatric nurse was (21.29±8.11) points,70.3%of psychiatric nurses had psychological distress. There were significant differences in psychological distress among psychiatric nurses with different age (F=6.886,P=0.001), working years (F=4.403,P=0.004), professional title (F=6.597,P=0.000) and experience of nurse-patient conflict (F=7.228,P=0.000).Psychological distress was negatively related to cognitive reappraisal(r =- 0.093), positive coping style (r =- 0.163) and perceived organizational support(r =- 0.379), while psychological distress was positively related to expressive suppression(r=0.160) and negative coping style(r=0.258)(all P<0.01). Regression analysis revealed that the factors impacting psychological distress were positive coping style, perceived organizational support, expressive suppression, negative coping style and nurse-patient conflict (R2=0.224,F=46.611,P=0.000). Conclusions Psychiatric nursing managers should pay attention to the cultivation of emotional management ability of nurses and the ability to deal with conflict,encouraging them apply positive thinking cognition and positive coping style to deal with negative events in the work,creating a supportive work environment in order to improve the level of mental health.
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Objective To investigate the present status and influencing factors of psychological distress among psychiatric nurses, and provide theoretical basis for intervention measures. Methods Totally, 812 psychiatric nurses in six psychiatric hospitals of Shandong province were selected to complete the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Perceived Organizational Support(POS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ) and Emotion regulation questionnaire(ERQ). Results The mean scores of psychological distress among psychiatric nurse was (21.29±8.11) points,70.3%of psychiatric nurses had psychological distress. There were significant differences in psychological distress among psychiatric nurses with different age (F=6.886,P=0.001), working years (F=4.403,P=0.004), professional title (F=6.597,P=0.000) and experience of nurse-patient conflict (F=7.228,P=0.000).Psychological distress was negatively related to cognitive reappraisal(r =- 0.093), positive coping style (r =- 0.163) and perceived organizational support(r =- 0.379), while psychological distress was positively related to expressive suppression(r=0.160) and negative coping style(r=0.258)(all P<0.01). Regression analysis revealed that the factors impacting psychological distress were positive coping style, perceived organizational support, expressive suppression, negative coping style and nurse-patient conflict (R2=0.224,F=46.611,P=0.000). Conclusions Psychiatric nursing managers should pay attention to the cultivation of emotional management ability of nurses and the ability to deal with conflict,encouraging them apply positive thinking cognition and positive coping style to deal with negative events in the work,creating a supportive work environment in order to improve the level of mental health.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effect and its mechanism of Fuzheng Jiedu Quyu formula(short forFuzheng formula) combined with oxaliplatin (L-OHP) on human colon cancer HT-29 cell proliferation and apoptosis. METHODS:HT-29 cells were divided into blank control group(without drugs),Fuzheng formula group(1000 mg/L),L-OHP group(31.25 mg/L)and combi-nation group (1000 mg/L Fuzheng formula+31.25 mg/L L-OHP). After cultured with corresponding drug for 48 h,MTT method was used to detect the cell proliferation;the changes of cellular morphology were observed by invert microscope;flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis rate. Proapoptotic gene Bax,apoptotic gene Bcl-2 mRNA expressions were deter-mined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction method;Bax,Bcl-2 protein expressions were assayed by Western blot. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,cell proliferation was inhibited in L-OHP group and combination group;cell proportion was increased in S stage,G2/M stage and decreased in G0/G1 stage(P<0.05). Cell apoptosis rate in L-OHP group,Fuzheng formula group and combination group was increased;Bax mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated,Bcl-2 mRNA expression was downregulated(P<0.05);and combination group changed more obviously than the single drug groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Fuzheng formula combined with L-OHP can inhibit HT-29 cell proliferation and promote its apoptosis, showing better effects than either of the two drugs alone. The mechanism may be associated with up-regulation of Bax gene and pro-tein expressions and down-regulation of Bcl-2 gene expressions in cells.
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Objective To determine the prevalence and genotype profiles of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis and their related factors in patients attending sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinics in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Methods C. trachomatis was screened by a plasmid PCR in 598 patients attending STD clinics. Then, positive specimens underwent nested-PCR to amplify the major outer membrane protein 1 (ompl) gene. The amplicons of ompl gene were digested by restriction endonucleases Alu I plus Hinf I and Cfol . C. trachomatis was differentiated according to the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. Results Out of the 598 samples, 83 were positive for plasmid-PCR. The prevalence of chlamydial infection was 13.9% with no significant difference between male and female patients. Nested-PCR based RFLP analysis showed that genotype E amounted to 27.7% (23/83), F 20.5% (17/83), D 13.2%(11/83), G 12.0%(10/83), K 7.2%(6/83), H 4.8%(4/83), I 3.6% (3/83), J 3.6%(3/83)and uncertain types 7.2% (6/83). Visible symptoms were observed less frequently in infections with C. trachomatis genotypes E and F compared with the other genotypes, while low abdominal pain occurred in 80% of infections with type G. Conclusions A certain proportion of out-patients attending STD clinic are infected with various types of C. trachomatis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The polymorphism of ompl gene may serve as a useful tool in molecular epidemiological studies of C. trachomatis.
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Objective To investigate the effect of expectant management on the maternal and/or infant out-comes of early onset severe preeclamp sia in different gestafional weeks. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 158 patients with early onset severe preeclampsia. They were divided into three groups according to their onset gestation ago:group A( <28weeks,n=28) ,group B(≥28、<32weeks,n=51) and group C(≥32、< 34weeks,n =79). Results The rates of complications declined along with the postponement of the onset gestation age, but there was no statistical significant difference among these three groups. The neonatal asphyxia rate and perinatal infant mor-tality of these three groups declined along with the postponement of gestation age, and there were statistical significant differences among these three groups ( P<0.05 ). Expectant treatment time of group B was significantly longer than that of the other two groups ( P<0.05 ), and cesarean section was a main method of pregnancy termination for the groups B and C. Conclusion The smaller the gestational ages in the early onset severe preeelampsia,the higher the maternal and/ or infant complication rates, neonatal morbidity and mortality.
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@#Objective To observe the changes of neural blood flow when oppressed with different pressures and at different sites in rat's sciatic nerve.MethodsThe sciatic nerve compression model of rat with pressure and time controlled simultaneously was established.The changes of neural blood flow were observed by oppressing the sciatic nerve with five grades pressures using Gasbag.The rats were randomly divided into the distal compression group and proximal compression group,and the changes of neural blood flow were observed in each group.ResultsThe neural blood flow changed significantly(P<0.05) when the sciatic nerve was oppressed with different pressures and it had the decreasing tendency with the pressures increasing.The neural blood flow of each group decreased obviously(P<0.01).The effect of oppressing distal nerve on neural blood flow was more obvious than that of oppressing proximal nerve(P<0.01).ConclusionMechanical compression can influence the neural blood flow obviously.The distal vessels of sciatic nerve are the major sources of nerve blood supply.
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@#Objective To observe the changes of neural blood flow when oppressed with different pressures and at different sites in rat's sciatic nerve.MethodsThe sciatic nerve compression model of rat with pressure and time controlled simultaneously was established.The changes of neural blood flow were observed by oppressing the sciatic nerve with five grades pressures using Gasbag.The rats were randomly divided into the distal compression group and proximal compression group,and the changes of neural blood flow were observed in each group.ResultsThe neural blood flow changed significantly(P<0.05) when the sciatic nerve was oppressed with different pressures and it had the decreasing tendency with the pressures increasing.The neural blood flow of each group decreased obviously(P<0.01).The effect of oppressing distal nerve on neural blood flow was more obvious than that of oppressing proximal nerve(P<0.01).ConclusionMechanical compression can influence the neural blood flow obviously.The distal vessels of sciatic nerve are the major sources of nerve blood supply.
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@# ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Yinaotongluo capsule on preventing the microcirculation dysfunction in rats.Methods40 SD rats were randomly divided into the thrombosis model group, three Yinaotongluo capsule groups (low, moderate and high dosages) and control group with 8 rats in each group. Photosensitizer was injected through vessel. Endothelium damage, cell adhesion and thrombosis were induced by photochemistry. The change of microcirculation was recorded and analyzed by microphotography technique.ResultsYinaotongluo capsule groups could prolong the time to thrombosis induced by photochemistry compared with control group (P<0.05). However, the area of thrombus to vessel significantly decreased in all Yinaotongluo capsule groups compared with control group (P<0.01). The effect of moderate dosage group of Yinaotongluo capsule was superior to Buchangnaoxintong group.ConclusionYinaotongluo capsule can improve the microcirculation of mesentery of rats, in part it can improve the systematic microcirculation of rats.
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Objective To study the antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and the prevalence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) and high-level tetracycline resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (TRNG) in Nanning. Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by agar dilution method and ?-lactamase production was comfirmed by acidometric method.Results Among 458 strains, 33 strains(7.20%) were found to be PPNG and 231 strains(50.44%) were TRNG. The resistance rate to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and spectinomycin were 87.33%, 1.31% and 0.22% respectively. Conclusion The situation of resistance to ciprofloxacin was very serious, and it was also found that a few of gonococcal isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone and spectinomycin. The study showed that it is important to successively survey the antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
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AIM：Damaging of Endothelial cells and adhesion of leukocytes and platelets were studied in rat mesentery microvessels after ischemia-reperfusion.METHODS：The model was made by losing blood and reperfusion from carotid artery in rat. Changes in mesentery microvessels were observed by high magnify microscope.RESULTS:Leukocyte and platelet adhesions were found in venules and co-capillaries 1-3 hours after ischemia-reperfusion. Endothelial cells were edema and vascular walls were thickening. Vacuoles formed in intracytoplasm of some vascular endothelium and some bigger endothelial vacuoles prominenced toward the luminal surface. Vacuoles had the shape of circle and the diameter was 10-30 μm. More vacuoles were found in arterioles, even there were several vacuoles in a arteriole. The biggest vacuole almost occupied 2/3 of vascular lumen.CONCLUSION：Edema and vacuole formation in vascular endothelium showed endothelial cells were damaged seriously after ischemia-reperfusion.
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AIM: To demonstrate the mechanisms underlying cardioprotection induced by ischemic postconditioning(I-postC) via studying the alteration of calreticulin(CRT)/calcineurin(CaN) signaling pathway in rat heart subjected to ischemia/reperfusion(I/R).METHODS: The model of myocardial I/R injury in vivo was made by occluding the left anterior descending artery for 45 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion in Wistar rats.Hemodynamics and activity of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) in plasma were measured.Myocardial infarct size was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected using in situ TDT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL).The activity of CaN,the expressions of CaN and CRT in myocardium were detected by enzyme reaction phosphorus measurement and Western blotting analysis,respectively.RESULTS: Cyclosporin A,the inhibitor of CaN,limited significantly myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by I/R,but had no significant effect on cardiac function.I-postC ameliorated significantly the cardiac dysfunction induced by I/R.Compared with those in I/R group,the myocardial infarct size,the LDH and CK-MB activities in plasma and the cardiomyocyte apoptotic index were significantly reduced in I-postC group.In addition,I/R-induced upregulation of CaN activity,CaN and CRT expression were relieved by I-postC.No significant difference was found between I-postC and ischemic preconditioning groups.I-postC had stronger protective effect on the reperfused heart compared with cyclosporin A.CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that I-postC protects myocardium against I/R injury,at least in part,via inhibiting the CRT/CaN signaling pathway.
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AIM: To investigate the regulatory effects of salusins on tensility of microvessle in rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were randomly distributed into six experimental groups as follows: (1) normal saline injection-treated control; (2) salusin ?; (3) salusin ?; (4) noradrenaline; (5) noradrenaline+salusin ?; and (6) noradrenaline+Salusin ?. For recording the microcirculation images in the mesentery, the intestinal loop was mounted on the stage of an intravital microscope equipped with a TV camera. Temporal changes in internal diameter of arterioles and venules were measured by computer using the Image-Pro software. RESULTS: Salusin ? (10 -5mol/L) dilated arterioles directly and the dilation up to the peak at 3 min [(25.56?4.30) vs (24.49?4.27)?m, P0.05). Salusin ? has no effects on internal diameter directly and NA-induced contraction of microvessles. CONCLUSION: Salusin ? dilated mesenteric arterioles and inhibited NA-induced contraction of microvessles in rats.