Research advances in liver dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes / 临床肝胆病杂志

Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine and metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes is not only the most common type of diabetes, but also the one with the most complications. Studies have shown that besides cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, eye diseases, renal diseases, and nervous system disease, type 2 diabetes also has the complications of hypertension, abnormal blood lipid levels, and abnormal liver function, which can bring serious damage to the body. This article reviews the association between type 2 diabetes and liver dysfunction and related features of these diseases, in order to deepen the understanding of patients with liver dysfunction and type 2 diabetes and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Purification and enzyme activity assay of filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z in Streptococcus suis serotype 2 / 中国人兽共患病学报

We conducted purification of filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S.suis 2) and measured its GTPase activity.The ftsz gene in the genome of the Chinese 05ZYH33 strain of S.suis 2 was successfully amplified using PCR,and then the ftsz gene was cloned into prokaryotic expression plasmid pET28a,and the recombinant plasmid pET28a-ftsz was transformed into E.coli BL21.After induction by IPTG,the isolated FtsZ protein was analyzed with SDS-PAGE.Then the recombinant protein was purified by Ni2+-NTA affinity chromatography.The rabbit serum was harvested after immunization with recombinant FtsZ protein,and was analyzed by indirect ELISA and Western blotting.The GTPase activity of FtsZ was measured with the malachite green method.Results showed that successfully constructed recombinant plasmid pET28a-ftsz and the recombinant protein with high purity was obtained;Western blot result indicated that FtsZ could react with the His-tag antibody and the rabbit serum;the polyclonal antibody titer of the rabbit serum reached 1 ∶ 13 107 200;FtsZ have GTPase activity.We successfully prepared S.suis 2 recombinant protein FtsZ having GTPase activity and high titer antiserum would be useful for the further study of S.suis 2 cell division mechanism.

Improvement of gastrointestinal dysfunction and coagulation disorder in severe acute pancreatitis with Rhu-barb / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the effect of prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal failure and coagu-lation function in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)with single Rhubarb.Methods 68 caese with SAP were randomly divided into control group(n =34)and treatment group(n =34)by random number table.Both two groups were given routine western medicine,but in the treatment group the patients were additionally administered with single Rhubarb orally or nasal feeding.The time of first defecation,abdominal pain disappeared,bloating disappeared,upper abdomi-nal tenderness disappeared,serum amylase recovery,correction degree of coagulation function and average hospitaliza-tion days of the two groups were compared.Results The time of first defecation in the treatment group was (46.0 ± 18.0)h,which was (73.0 ±23.0)h in the control group,there was significant difference between the two groups(t =2.43,P <0.05).The time of abdominal pain disappeared[(4.3 ±1.2)d],bloating disappeared[(5.2 ±1.6)d], upper abdominal tenderness disappeared[(5.0 ±1.7)d],serum amylase recovery[(6.2 ±1.3)d]of the treatment group were significantly shorter than those of the control group[(5.6 ±1.7)d,(6.7 ±2.3)d,(6.4 ±2.1)d,(8.9 ± 1.6)d](t =2.36,2.17,2.60,2.48,all P <0.05).The average hospitalization days of the treatment group[(24.5 ± 12.3)d]was significantly shorter than the control group[(30.6 ±12.9)d](t =2.65,P <0.05).5 days after treat-ment,in the treatment group,the partially activated thromboplastin time(APTT)[(30.39 ±4.98)s]and prothrombin time(PT)[(12.65 ±1.32)s]were significantly shorter than the control group[(37.25 ±6.27)s,(14.87 ±1.68)s] (t =2.54,2.43,all P <0.05).The platelet count(PLT)and the fibrinogen(FIB)in treatment group were (186.30 ± 59.82)×109 /L and (3.89 ±1.17)g/L repectively,those in control group were (131.80 ±48.57)×109 /L and (5.29 ±1.33)g/L repectively,the differences were statistically significant between the two groups(t =2.16,2.83,all P <0.05).Conclusion The routine western medicine and additionally administered with single Rhubarb can effec-tively prevent and treat gastrointestinal failure,significantly improve coagulation function in SAP.

Clinical observation of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in 1482 cases / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the clinical observation and incidences of complications of therapeutic post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).Methods The clinical information of 1 482 cases of therapeutic ERCP was analyzed retrospectively.Results Among them,468 cases had nasal biliary drainage,532 cases had pancreatic or bile duct stent after endoscopic procedure and the other 482 case hadn't.For the drainage group, there were 396 cases of biliary stone,36 cases of simple dilatation of common bile duct,8 cases of biliary cyst,6 cases of strictured papilla,18 cases of inflammatory stricture of common bile duct,2 cases of sclerosing cholangitis and 2 cases of autoimmune pancreatitis.For the pancreatic or bile duct stent group,there were 483 cases of malignant bili-ary obstruction,13 cases of biliary stone,28 cases of pancreatic duct stone,3 cases of sclerosing cholangitis and 5 cases of inflammatory stricture of common bile duct.And there were 385 cases of biliary stone,36 cases of simple dilatation of common bile duct,38 cases of inflammatory stricture of common bile duct,11 cases of strictured papilla, 9 cases of pancreatic duct stone and 3 cases of biliary cyst for un -drainage group.The incidences of acute pancreati-tis and acute cholangitis (4.4%,2.6%)were higher in un -drainage group than the nasal biliary drainage group (1.5%,0.6%,P 0.05)and the stent group(0.4%,0.8%,P >0.05).The incidences of 4 kinds of complications were not significantly different between the nasal biliary drainage group and the stent group.Conclusion Endoscopic nasal biliary drainage or stent can prevent and treat some of therapeutic ERCP com-plications effectively.

Clinical characteristics of alcoholic severe acute pancreatitis / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of alcoholic severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Clinical data of 166 cases of SAP in Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 2001 to December 2008 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Cases were divided into alcoholic SAP group (43cases) and control group ( 123 cases) depending on deoholic intake volue whithin 12～48 hours. Age, gender,CT scores, APACHE Ⅱ score, serum glucose, serum triglyceride (TG), serum calcium, serum albumin,morbidity, later infection rate and mortality rate of the two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in terms of age, but the proportion of male in alcoholic SAP group (39/43) was higher than that in control group (58/123, P<0.01 ). CT score, serum glucose and calcium were not significantly different between the two groups. The APACHEⅡ score and serum TG in alcoholic SAP group [19.16±5.38,(5.06±4.03)mmol/L] were significantly higher than those in control group [16.02±5.09, (3.12±2.95)mmol/L]. The albumenjolevel in alcoholic SAP group (25.23±7.12)g/L) was lower than that in control group [(30.68±8.35 ) g/L, P<0.01]. The incidences of ARDS and upper gastroenterologic bleeding were not significantly different between the two groups. But the incidences of acute kidney failure (44.2%), liver failure (41.9%), heart failure (37.2%), shock (39.5%), infection (27.9%) and mortality (30.2%) in alcoholic SAP were significantly higher than those in control group (26.0%,30.9%, 20.3%, 16.3%,16.3%, 7.3%, P<0.05 or<0.01). Conclusions Males predominates alcoholic SAP patients with high mortality and morbidity. Alcohol abstinence is effective to prevent alcoholic SAP ocurrence.

Establishment of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell lines from healthy volunteers of type B / 医学研究生学报

Objective: To develop Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-transformed human peripheral blood B cell lines from healthy volunteers of type B.Methods: B lymphocytes from healthy volunteers of type B capable of producing anti-A antibodies were transformed by EBV,while Cyclosporine A(CsA),as an immunosuppressive agent that could selectively inhibit T-lymphocytes and protect B-lymphocytes from regression,was used in the experiment.Then,the supernanant of the cell culture medium was tested with red blood cells of type A,B and O by agglutinin assay.Results: Twelve of the15 EBV-transformed B lymphocyte cell lines were established,with a success rate of 80%,while 9 human B lymphocyte lines secreted anti-A antibodies.Conclusion: Human B lymphocyte lines secreting antibodies to A antigens were successfully developed,which helps further studies of human blood specific monoclonal antibodies.

Biological and pathophysiological properties of streptococcal superantigens / 医学研究生学报

Streptococcal superantigens play an important role in many human diseases.In this paper,we mainly discuss the progress in the researches on streptococcal superantigens in such aspects as their structures,biological and pathophysiological properties,expression regulation,and their significance in the management of tumors.

Cloning and expression of human anti-Rh(D) single-chain Fv fragment / 医学研究生学报

Objective: To construct a phage display library of human single-chain Fv antibodies against blood group Rh(D) substance. Methods: Combining phage display library techniques, isolated total RNA from B lymphoblastoid cell lines secreting anti-Rh(D) antibodies was used for the synthesis of the first strand of cDNA, V_ H and V_ L genes were amplified by 2nd PCR and linked together by splicing overlap extension (SOE) with the use of a (Gly_ 4Ser)_ 3 linker. The resulted scFv genes were then cloned into pCANTAB5E vectors and displayed on the phage. Phage clones were selected using intact red cells as a source of antigen. After 4 rounds of "binding-elution-enrichment", each clone was assayed for specificity by Dot ELISA. Results: A phage antibody library, with the sink size being 1.2?107, was obtained. The percentage of full-length scFv gene inserted into phage DNA was 0.80. Rescued by helper phage, a phage scFv library with titer of 3?108 pfu/ml was established. Specific phages with scFv were acquired after 4 rounds of panning, one clone exhibiting specific binding to Rh+ cell was identified by Dot ELISA. Conclusion: A strategy for construction phage antibody library by means of phage display technique was practicable, which would be useful in screening engineered antibodies against human Rh (D) blood group substances.

Effects of p53 overexpression on the balance of helper T cell 1 with helper T cell 2 in colorectal tumors / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To evaluate the effects of p53 overexpression on the balance of in situ T helper cell 1 with T helper cell 2 in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, with further study of the immunological mechanism of p53 overexpression stimulating colorectal cancer formation.Methods:Endoscopic colorectal mucosal biopsies were taken from 68 patients with colorectal tumors,including adenomas(n=30) and carcinomas(n=38),and their normal mucosas served as control(NS,n=68).Paraffin sections were examined immunohistochemically for p53 protein overexpression and four cytocine(IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,IFN-r) levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) with the culture supernatants of colorectal tissue.Results:IL-2 and IFN-r levels in culture supernants of the positive group were significantly lower (P0.05).Conclusions:p53 overexpression induced inbalance of in situ Th1 with Th2 levels,shown as a drift from Th1 toTh2.p53 gene inactivation may play an critical role in immunological mechanism of colorectal carcinoma carcinogenesis.