A survey of sleep problems and influencing factors among preschoolers / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of sleep problems and influencing factors among preschoolers, so as to provide a reference for healthy sleep behaviors among preschoolers.@*Methods@#From December 2017 to June 2018, a questionnaires study was administered to parents of 8 456 preschoolers from kindergartens in Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Xuzhou by using random cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics, screen time, sleep patterns and the Children s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) were colleted.@*Results@#The average night sleep duration was (9.91±0.64)h, the rate of sleep deprivation was 51.7%, which increased with age ( χ 2 trend =34.19, P <0.01). The total scores of CSHQ were (49.46±5.02), and the prevalence of sleep problems was 95.0%, with the prevalence of specific sleep problems ranged from 2.3% to 76.4%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that only child, mothers age, parental education, and household economic status was significantly associated the sleep problems ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of sleep problems among preschool children is more prominent, varies by only child, parental education and household economic status. Parents and society should raise awareness of sleep problems.

Effect of hepatic volume change on clinical practice in patients with extensive hepatic vein occluded Budd-Chiari Syndrome treated with TIPS / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes of liver volume and liver function in patients with extensive hepatic vein occluded Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystem shunt (TIPS).Methods:The clinical data of 29 BCS patients from Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University during March 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The BCS was caused by extensive hepatic vein occlusion and patients were treated with TIPS. Pre- and postoperative abdominal CT/MRI images were collected and analyzed, and hepatic volume was measured with 3D-reconstruction. The liver volume and liver function during before and post the surgery were also collected and analyzed with preoperative value.Results:Patients including 8 males and 21 females, aged (33.3±6.3) years, were enrolled in this study. TIPS was successfully performed in all patients, with a technical success rate 100%. No serious complications related to TIPS occurred. Patients were followed up for 12-33 months (median, 16 months). Compared with preoperative [(2 124.6±420.9) cm 3] , the hepatic volume of time points after operation [1 week: (1 926.3±372.3) cm 3; 3 months: (1 480.6±183.1) cm 3; 6 months: (1 461.9±153.0) cm 3; 12 months: (1 469.3±148.5) cm 3] were all significantly reduced, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Compared with preoperative values, the hepatic function indexes at each time point after operation were significantly improved ( P<0.05). The complete remission rate of ascites was 96.4% (27/28), 100.0% (28/28) and 100.0% (28/28) at 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusion:The extensive hepatic vein occlusive BCS patients were benefit from TIPS therapy. Six months after operation, the hepatic volume and the hepatic function returned to normal level.

Association between screen time and psychology behaviors of preschool children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the correlation between screen time, exposure time to different screens and psychology behaviors of preschool children.@*Methods@#A total of 2 582 children from kindergartens in urban Xuzhou areas were recruited to perform the physical examination, a cluster sampling method being explored. Parent questionnaires were performed to understand the time of screens and children’s psychology behaviors. Multi-linear regression and Logistic regression models were also used to analyze the correlation between them in preschool children.@*Results@#The prevalence of abnormal internalization behavior of preschool children in Xuzhou City was 3.8%, the detection rate of abnormal externalization behavior was 22.4%, and the detection rate of prosocial behavior abnormality was 20.9%. The time spent by the preschool boys on TV time, learning day screen time and one-week video time is significantly higher than the girls (P<0.05). After adjusting for age and gender, the results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the longer the average screen time, the more serious the problem of internalizing and externalizing problems; and the longer the average screen time of the weekend and the week, the worse the prosocial behavior of children (P<0.05). After correcting multiple covariates, it was found that the average screen time was positively correlated with children’s internal and external behavioral problems (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and gender, the average screen time of study day, weekend and week was a risk factor for preschool children’s internal and external behavior problems, and the average weekly screen time was a protective factor for prosocial behavior (P<0.05). After adjusting for multiple covariates, the learning day and the average weekly screen time were risk factors for children’s internal and external behavior (P<0.05). In addition, the results of association analysis between different types of video time exposure and psychological behavior showed that after adjusting for age and gender, all types of video exposures affected the internal and external behaviors of patients (P<0.05); after correcting multiple covariates The association was still statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and gender, the exposure time of each type of video screen was a risk factor for children’s internal and external behavior problems (P<0.05). After correcting multiple covariates, all types of video exposure were internalized behavior problems. The risk factors, and the video time of other electronic products were risk factors for externalization behavior problems (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Average screen time has a significant positive correlation with psychological behavior, and the exposure time of screens such as TV and mobile phone could increase the incidence of psychological behaviors in preschool children.

Observation and nursing of vascular inflammatory reaction of carbon monoxide poisoning patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy / 中国实用护理杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the damage of blood vessels in carbon monoxide poisoning patients by hyperbaric oxygen, especially for damage of vein, to understand the factors aggravating inflammatory response, thus work out the homologous protective measures.MethodsFrom January 2006 to January 2008, 80 patients of carbon monoxide poisoning were selected as the observation group. Another 80 patients with other diseases were set as the control group. Two groups both accepted hyperbaric oxygen treatment. The time of angioplerosis was compared between the two groups, besides, pain reaction of the observation group was also observed.ResultsThe time of angioplerosis was significantly different between the two groups, pain sensibility intensified in the observation group compared with that before treatment.ConclusionsHyperbaric therapy is closely related with vascular inflammatory reaction of carbon monoxide poisoning patients. Protective measures should be established in order to prevent further damage of vessel, relieve pain of patients and ensure smooth progress of the treatment.

Understanding of improving the quality of medical biology education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the requirement of biology education development,the article analyzes the approach to improve the teaching quality of medical biology from quality education,subjiect intercrossing or 'regression' and 'outspread',and offers new ideas for education reform and innovation of the medical biology.

Study on the Fermentation Condition of Steroid 15?-Hydroxylation by Penicillium raistrickii / 微生物学通报

The fermentation conditions which affect C-15? hydroxylation o f 18-methyl-estr- 4-ene-3,17-dione were investigated. As the key step in the Hydroxylation, the dissolution of substrate was focused on. Tween80, MeOH, DMSO,?-CD and 2-HP?CD were studied to improve the dissolvability of 18-met hyl-estr-4-ene-3,17-dione.The other factors such as pH, substrate concent ration and aeration strategies which affected conversion rate were also resea rched. As a result, the conversion rate can be up to 60% in shake flask and ach i(eve 50% in fermentor,which would overcome the disadvantage of 15?-hydroxyl -18-methyl-estr-4-ene-3,17-dione chemosynthesis and provide a good techn ics to industry.