Digoxin and Tamoxifen synergistically suppress proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer MCF-7 cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of digoxin combined with tamoxifen on proliferation, migration, invasion of breast cancer MCF-7 cells and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of the combination therapy of tamoxifen and digoxin on proliferation and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to detect the effect of the combination therapy of tamoxifen and digoxin on migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells. Western blot was used to detect the effect of the combination therapy of tamoxifen and digoxin on the expression of related proteins in MCF-7 cells. Results MTT, colony formation assay and flow cytometry results showed that digoxin and tamoxifen synergistically inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Wound healing and transwell assay results showed that digoxin and tamoxifen synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells. Western blot results showed that digoxin and tamoxifen synergistically inhibited the expression of PI3K, p-PI3K, p-AKT, Bcl-2, N-cadherin, Vimentin and promoted the expression of Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, E-cadherin of MCF-7 cells. Conclusions Digoxin combined with tamoxifen can synergistically inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and induce apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, the possible mechanism of which may involve the suppression of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchy-mal transition (EMT).

Diagnostic Value of Combined Detection of HLA-G and IL-6 in Children with Infectious Mononucleosis / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the diagnostic value of combined detection of HLA-G and IL-6 in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-three children suffered from infectious mononucleosis hospitalized in Wuhan Children's Hospital（Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital） from January 2014 to June 2017 were selected as the IM group, 83 healthy children in the same period were selected as the as control group. Enzyme-linked in munosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect and compare the changes of HLA-G and IL-6 levels between 2 groups. The positive rate of HLA-G and IL-6 were calculated and compared. The correlation of plasma HLA-G with IL-6 in IM group was analyzed, the MOC curve was drawn, and the diagnostic efficiencies of plasma HLA-G and IL-60 alone as well as 2 combined detection were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plasma level of HLA-G and IL-6 in IM group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the difference between the 2 groups was were statistically significant (P<0.01). In untreated children with infectious mononucleosis, the positive rate of plasma HLA-G detection was 90.36% (75/83) and the positive rate of IL-6 detection was 87.95% (73/83) without a significant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the plasma HLA-G and IL-6 levels in the observation group (r=0.196, (P<0.05). The analysis of ROC curve diagnostic effectiveness showed that the diagnostic sensitivity of IL-6 was 68.90%, the specificity was 71.50%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.703. The diagnostic sensitivity of the plasma HLA-G was 74.20%, the specificity was 77.50%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.761. The combined diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 2 methods was 89.50% and 85.70% respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.906.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of HLA-G and IL-6 for detect infectious mononucleosis resulted in a high sensitivity and accuracy, which is helpful to define the progress of the patient's condition, and worth for clinical application.</p>

Effect of intrauterine growth retardation on insulin sensitivity and plasma adiponectin level in neonates / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) on insulin sensitivity in neonates and the relationship between insulin sensitivity and plasma adiponectin level.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-two term neonates with IUGR and 90 term neonates born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) were enrolled. Weight, height, head circumference and abdomen circumference of the neonates were measured within 24 hours after birth. Fasting serum glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), plasma insulin and adiponectin were detected in two groups on the 7th day after birth. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in the levels of FG, TG, HDL and LDL between the IUGR and AGA groups (P>0.05). The plasma insulin level in the IUGR group was higher than that in the AGA group, but the plasma adiponectin level was lower than that in the AGA group (P<0.05). HOMA-IR index in the IUGR group was higher than that in the AGA group, but ISI was lower than that in the AGA group (P<0.05). Both Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed HOMA-IR index was negatively correlated with plasma adiponectin level and birth weight (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The neonates with IUGR display a higher plasma insulin level and decreased insulin sensitivity. The decreased plasma adiponectin level may be associated with the decreased insulin sensitivity.</p>

Identification and establishment of sorting method for isolating CD11b+ myeloid cells in human hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To establish a method for obtaining specific cells in solid tumor tissue by sorting of CD11b + myeloid cells in hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.METHODS:Tumor tissues were prepared into single cell suspension by mechanical method combined with enzyme digestion,and then the CD11 b + myeloid cells were isolated by flow cytometry.The sorted cells were identified by immunocytochemistry.The viability and morphologiy of the sorted cells were evaluated by Giemsa and Typan blue staining.The cell purity was evaluated by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Sufficient numbers of CD11b+cells with high purity were isolated by sorting with flow cytometry from the single cell suspension prepared by mechanical and enzyme digestion.The purity of the cells was confirmed by statistical analysis (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rates of the cells before and after sorting were significantly different (P ＜0.01).The positive cells were verified by immunocytochemical method.Meanwhile,the sorted cells had complete morphology and good activity.CONCLUSION:The CD11b + myeloid cells in solid tumor tissue can be isolated by flow cytometry from the machine-enzyme digestion suspension with high purity,good activity and complete morphology.

Identification and establishment of sorting method for isolating CD11b+ myeloid cells in human hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To establish a method for obtaining specific cells in solid tumor tissue by sorting of CD11b + myeloid cells in hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.METHODS:Tumor tissues were prepared into single cell suspension by mechanical method combined with enzyme digestion,and then the CD11 b + myeloid cells were isolated by flow cytometry.The sorted cells were identified by immunocytochemistry.The viability and morphologiy of the sorted cells were evaluated by Giemsa and Typan blue staining.The cell purity was evaluated by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Sufficient numbers of CD11b+cells with high purity were isolated by sorting with flow cytometry from the single cell suspension prepared by mechanical and enzyme digestion.The purity of the cells was confirmed by statistical analysis (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rates of the cells before and after sorting were significantly different (P ＜0.01).The positive cells were verified by immunocytochemical method.Meanwhile,the sorted cells had complete morphology and good activity.CONCLUSION:The CD11b + myeloid cells in solid tumor tissue can be isolated by flow cytometry from the machine-enzyme digestion suspension with high purity,good activity and complete morphology.

Observations on the Therapeutic Effect of Electroacupuncture on Urinary Retention Due to Prostatic Hyperplasia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To assess the clinical therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on urinary retention due to prostatic hyperplasia by ultrasonic measurement of bladder residual urine volume before and after treatment.Methods Seventy patients with urinary retention due to prostatic hyperplasia were randomized to a treatment group (39 cases) and a control group (31 cases).The treatment group received electroacupuncture and the control group,conventional medication.The International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) score was recorded and prostate volume (PV) and bladder residual urine volume (RUV) were measured in the two groups before and after treatment.The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the indicators (I-PSS,PV and RUV) in both groups (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the indicators between the treatment and control groups (P＜0.05).The total efficacy rate was 94.9％ in the treatment group and 96.8％ in the control group;there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Both electroacupuncture and medication are effective ways to treat urinary retention due to prostatic hyperplasia.

Signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 modulates human squamous cell carcinoma invasion via targeting mircoRNA-21 in vitro / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and mechanism of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT-3) modulates human tongue squamous cell carcinoma invasion ability via targeting mircoRNA-21.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tscca and Tca8113P160 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were used.WP1066 (STAT-3 inhibitor) , the small molecule inhibitor of STAT-3 was used to suppress the STAT-3 expression. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of WP1066 in the two cell lines was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The expression level of STAT-3 and phosphorylation of STAT-3 (pSTAT-3) was examined by Western blotting. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mircoRNA-21 expression after treated with WP1066. Matrigel matrix and transwell assay were used to determine cancer cell colony formation and invasion ability after treated with WP1066. Tumor invasion related proteins in Tscca and Tca8113P160 cell lines were measured by Western blotting. Luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to detect the relationship between STAT-3 and mircoRNA-21.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IC50 to WP1066 in Tscca cell was 3.1 and 3.5 µmol/L for Tca8113P160 cell respectively. STAT-3/pSTAT-3 protein level was suppressed significantly (Tscca: STAT-3: F = 887.154, P = 0.000; pSTAT-3: F = 332.212, P = 0.000; Tca8113P160: STAT-3: F = 322.895, P = 0.000; pSTAT-3:F = 788.357, P = 0.000). mircoRNA-21 expression was down-regulated (Tscca:F = 32.157, P = 0.000; Tca8113P160: F = 11.349, P = 0.007). The diameters of culture clone in cell treated with WP1066 were less than control groups (Tscca:F = 15.751, P = 0.004; Tca8113P160: F = 12.964, P = 0.007). The number of tongue cancer cell migrating through the transwell membrane in WP1066 treated group was less than in control groups (Tscca: F = 1688.926, P = 0.000; Tca8113P160: F = 327.528, P = 0.000). In addition, MMP-2/9 protein expression was decreased in both of the cell lines treated with WP1066, while TIMP-3 was up regulated dramatically. STAT-3 could modulate mircoRNA-21 directly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Reduction of STAT-3 can inhibit tongue cancer cell invasion ability via targeting mircoRNA-21.</p>

The recurrence and survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a report of 275 cases / 癌症

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, and recurrence is an important prognostic factor in patients with OSCC. We explored the factors associated with recurrence of OSCC and analyzed the survival of patients after recurrence. Clinicopathologic and follow-up data of 275 patients with OSCC treated by surgery in the Cancer Institute and Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between 2002 and 2006 were analyzed. Recurrence factors were analyzed with Chi-square or Fisher's exact test and multivariate analysis. The prognosis of patients after recurrence was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The recurrence rate was 32.7%. The recurrence time ranged from 2 to 96 months, with a median of 14 months. Univariate analysis showed that T stage, degree of differentiation, pN stage, flap application, resection margin, and lymphovascular invasion were factors of recurrence (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that T stage, degree of differentiation, and pN stage were independent factors of recurrence (P < 0.001). The differences in gender, age, tumor site, region of lymph node metastasis, and perineural invasion between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests showed that the 2- and 5-year survival rates were significantly lower in the recurrence group than in non-recurrence group (67.6% vs. 88.0%, 31.8% vs. 79.9%, P < 0.001). Therefore, to improve prognosis, we recommend extended local excision, flap, radical neck dissection, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients more likely to undergo recurrence.

Effect of miR-202 on the growth of multiple myeloma cells via regulating B cell-activating factor and the underlying mechanism / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the regulating effect of miR-202 on B cell-activating factor, and check whether the regulation influences the growth of multiple myeloma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The potential binding sites of BAFF for miR-202 were predicted using bioinformatics software. Luciferase reporter gene analysis was used to evaluate the regulatory effect of miR-202 on BAFF. Human multiple myeloma U266 cells were transfected with has-miR-202-mimics, has-miR-202-inhibitor, siBAFF and their negative controls, respectively. After above treatments, BAFF mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, and the proliferation and apoptosis in the multiple myeloma (MM) cells were examined by WST-1 and annexin V-FLUOS assay, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BAFF mRNA expression levels in the untransfected group, has-miR-202-3P-mimics transfected group, has-miR-202-3P-inhibitor transfected group and siBAFF transfected group were 1.040 ± 0.057, 0.573 ± 0.073, 1.205 ± 0.097 and 0.368 ± 0.052, respectively. BAFF mRNA expressions in U266 cells transfected with has-miR-202-3P-mimics and siBAFF were significantly decreased compared with that in the untransfected group (P < 0.05). The BAFF protein expression level of each group was consistent with the mRNA assay result. The absorbance value in 450 nm of the untransfected group, has-miR-202-3P-mimics transfected group, has-miR-202-3P-inhibitor transfected group and siBAFF transfected group were 1.063 ± 0.052, 0.714 ± 0.045, 0.936 ± 0.066 and 0.764 ± 0.053, respectively. In comparison with the untransfected group, the absorbance value at 450 nm of has-miR-202-3P-mimics and siBAFF transfected groups was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The cell apoptosis rates of untransfected group, has-miR-202-3P-mimics transfected group, has-miR-202-3P-inhibitor transfected group and siBAFF transfected group were 26.2%, 49.6%, 21.1% and 30.7%, respectively. Therefore, the cell apoptosis rate of has-miR-202-3P-mimics transfected group was significantly increased than that of the untransfected group (P < 0.05). p-JNK protein expression level was decreased in the has-miR-202-3P-mimics transfected cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MiR-202 can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in MM cells via regulating BAFF. JNK/SAPK signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of BAFF by miR-202.</p>

Decreased expression of β-nerve growth factor correlated with histological changes in a cryptorchidism rat model / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Nerve growth factor (NGF) is well-known for its important role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Along with its neurotrophic role, NGF has been detected in the testis of mouse, rat and human, suggesting an additional non-neurotrophic effect in the male reproductive system. The expression of β-NGF in the undescended testes (cryptorchidism) has not been detected at present. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of β-nerve growth factor mRNA and protein in experimental cryptorchidism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A unilateral mechanical cryptorchidism model in the Sprague-Dawley rat was established and the expression of β-NGF with histologic changes in experimental cryptorchidism were investigated using one step quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization histochemistry, immunofluorescence and hematoxylin-eosin staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of β-NGF mRNA and protein were both significantly decreased in the development of unmarred testis and cryptorchidism-induced testis, and the decrease of β-NGF in cryptorchidism-induced testis was far greater than that in uninjured testis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>From this investigation, we confirmed a lower expression of β-NGF in undescended testes than in the development of testis.</p>

Application of a narcotrend-assisted anesthesia in-depth monitor in the microwave coagulation for liver cancer during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl / 癌症

<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>CT-guided microwave coagulation is a minimally invasive surgery for patients with liver cancer. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl is commonly used. The depth of anesthesia during microwave coagulation for liver cancer is still monitored by clinical signs. There are few subjective and effective indicators. This study explored the application of Narcotrend-assisted "depth of anesthesia" monitoring on microwave coagulation for patients with liver cancer during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty liver cancer patients underwent CT-guided microwave coagulation were randomly assigned to receive Narcotrend index monitoring or standard clinical monitoring for depth of anesthesia with 20 patients in each group. All patients received total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl. The depth of anesthesia for patients in the Narcotrend group was measured according to a Narcotrend index, which was maintained between D2 and E0. The depth of anesthesia for those in the standard clinical practice group was measured according to heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and patient movement. Changes of hemodynamics, the duration of the emergence from anesthesia, and the recovery of orientation were recorded. The doses of propofol and fentanyl, postoperative visual analogue scores (VAS), and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were also recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant alteration in heart rate or mean arterial pressure between the two groups. Compared with other anesthetic stages, both heart rate and mean arterial pressure decreased during the induction of the anesthesia in the two groups(P<0.05). The doses of propofol were higher in the standard clinical practice group than in the Narcotrend group [(460+/-30) mg vs. (380+/-35) mg, P<0.01]. The duration of emergence and orientation were longer in the standard clinical practice group than in the Narcotrend group [(9.5+/-2.9) min vs. (4.9+/-2.2) min, P<0.01; (12.2+/-3.5) min vs. (6.6+/-3.2) min, P<0.01, respectively]. There was no difference in the dosage of fentanyl, VAS, or the incidence of postoperative nausea or vomiting between the two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For patients with liver cancer, monitoring the depth of anesthesia with Narcotrend on microwave coagulation can contribute to lower dosage of propofol and shorten duration of recovery during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl.</p>

Self-excision of bilateral patellae treated by replantation: a report of one case / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Absence of patella may be caused by congenital factors, trauma and surgical operations (patellectomy, etc). Complete absence of bilateral patellae is rare in clinical case. We report a case of posttraumatic bilateral patella excision. To the best of our knowledge, absence of bilateral patellae caused by self-mutilation has never been reported. Our patient and his family members were informed that the data concerning this case would be submitted for publication.

Tracheoesophageal shunt for vocal rehabilitation after laryngectomy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the clinical value of functional tracheoesophageal shunt for vocal rehabilitation after laryngectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty seven cases of tracheoesophageal shunt for vocal rehabilitation after laryngectomy in Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 1981 to 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 127 cases, 105 cases got successful phonation and the total success rate of vocal rehabilitation was 82.7%, all successful cases were followed up from 2 to 27 years had good phonation quality and no aspiration. Analyzing the reasons of failure in phonation of the 22 cases, 9 cases were because of improper operation (7 cases for narrow fistula and 2 cases for broad fistula), 13 cases were because of postoperative infection (10 cases for narrow fistula and 3 cases for broad fistula). The key to successful phonation was the size of fistula, the main causes of the failure in phonation were related to uncorrected operative procedure and postoperative infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This method for vocal rehabilitation after laryngectomy has high success rate of vocal rehabilitation and low complications, it is relatively simple and worth popularizing in clinical treatment.</p>

Clinical survey of a combined in-office cold light bleaching and nightguard vital bleaching system for tetracycline stained teeth / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a combined in-office cold light bleaching and night-guard vital bleaching (NGVB) system for treating tetracycline stained teeth (TST).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>90 patients with light, medium and heavy TST were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups. 30 patients with 472 TST from the treatment group were treated with in-office cold light bleaching and NGVB, 30 patients with 466 TST from the control group 1 were treated with in-office cold light bleaching and 30 patients with 469 TST from control group 2 were treated with NGVB. At the time of treatment completion, after half a year and after one year, Vitalescence esthetic restorative masters shade guide was used to record the change of color. Bleaching efficacy and course of treatment were calculated, and lightening stability were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) Three groups had satisfied lightening efficacy for light TST with 100% bleaching efficacy. The overall efficacy of treatment group and control group 2 were superior to the in-office cold light bleaching system (P < 0.05). Though there was no significant lightening efficacy difference between the treatment group and control group 2 (P > 0.05), the periods of treatment of the treatment group for light, medium and heavy TST were shortened by 43%, 46% and 49%, respectively, compared to the control group 2. 2) All three groups' treatment efficacy for light, medium and heavy TST became weaker progressively (P < 0.05). 3) For the treatment efficacy between the time of treatment completion and after half a year and one year, there was significant statistical difference (P < 0.01) for the control group 1, while there was no significant difference for both the treatment group and the control group 2 (P > 0.05). Both treatment group and control group 2 had better performance in treatment stability than control group 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In treating the light and medium tetracycline stained teeth, the combined in-office cold light bleaching and NGVB system can achieve a more satisfied whitening result in much shorter period, and significantly enhance the long term whitening stability.</p>

Clinical and pathological analysis of malignant carotid body tumor / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the clinical, pathological and prognosis character of malignant carotid body tumor and explore its methods of diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of clinic, pathology, treatment and follow-up of nine patients with malignant carotid body tumor in Tianjin Cancer Hospital from February 1982 to June 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four Male and five female cases were included, their average history was 6.5 years. Shamblin classification: one case was type II, eight cases were type III. All the patients were underwent ultrasonic inspection, four digital subtraction arteriography (DSA) and three magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Seven cases were diagnosed as carotid body tumor. Five cases underwent Matas test training course. All the patients were performed wide excision of tumor and surrounding tissue. Three carotids were occludes, one of them reconstructed with vascular prosthesis, two were resected. There were no perioperative hemiplegias or deaths. Before operation, one case had atrophy of left side of tongue and fixed left vocal card; two cases had Horner syndrome. After operation, eight cases had 13 cranial nerve deficits, they were: two cerchnus, four glossal deviation, three Horner syndrome and one drop of oral corner, one choking cough. Pathologic diagnosis included nine malignant carotid body tumors, two with capsule, seven without capsule, one cervical and one lung metastasis. Two of them underwent radiotherapy. The median follow-up was 6 years (range: 6 months-14 years). Six patients survived. Two cases died, one died of cervical recurrence, the other of lung cancer. One case was lost.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Malignant carotid body tumor is rare in clinic, and often invade the carotid and cranial nerve, the diagnosis of malignant tumor should base on occurring extensive invasion of adjacent organs and metastasis; Wide surgical excision should be selected early, radiotherapy is effective, the effect of chemotherapy is uncertainty.</p>

Effects of neuraxial block and general anesthesia on tumor metastasis in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different anesthesia methods on immune surveillance and tumor metastasis in tumor-bearing rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups and anesthetized for 1 h with ketamine (group K), propofol (group P), or neuraxial block (group B). All the rats were subjected to laparotomy followed by intravenous injection of MADB106 tumor cells, and 24 h after the injection, the number and activity of circulating CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and D4(+)/CD8(+) lymphocyte subsets and NK cellèCD161a(+)éwere assessed. Three weeks later, the lung metastases were counted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in group B, the numbers of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD161a(+) lymphocytes and the activity of circulating NK cells were significantly reduced, and the lung metastases of MADB106 increased significantly in groups K and P (P<0.05 or 0.01 ). The activity of immune surveillance in group K was significantly lower than that in group P except for CD8(+) cells, and the tumor metastases in group K increased significantly in comparison with those in group P (P<0.05 or 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Neuraxial block provides protection of the activity of immune surveillance and reduces tumor metastases in tumor-bearing rats compared with general anesthesia.</p>

Protective effect of ketamine against acute rat lung injury induced by liopolysaccharide and its mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of different concentrations of ketamine against acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 equal groups, namely the control group, LPS group, ketamine group I (5 mg/kg), and ketamine group II (10 mg/kg). The neutrophil count, protein contents in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the wet/dry lung weight ratio were measured 4 h after LPS injection. TNF-alpha, IL-8, NO, iNOS and NF-kappaB were also measured in the lung tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In LPS group, the neutrophil count, protein contents in BALF, the wet/dry lung weight ratio and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and NO were all significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of iNOS and the protein expression of NF-kappaB were also increased in LPS groups. Ketamine treatment attenuated the increase in wet/dry lung weight ratio, neutrophil count, and protein contents in BALF in a dose-dependent manner. Ketamine also dose-dependently inhibited the production of TNF-alpha, IL-8 , and NO and lowered iNOS mRNA and NF-kappaB protein expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ketamine can offer protection against LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats by inhibiting the expression of NF-kappaB and attenuating the production of the inflammatory cytokines.</p>

Construction of recombinant adenovirus vector expressing extracellular domain of TbetaR-II-RANTES fusion gene and its anti-tumor effects / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene and evaluate its anti-tumor effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mouse origin TbetaR-II extracellular domain and RANTES gene were amplified by RT-PCR. The TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene was amplified by overlapping PCR method. TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene was cloned into pDC316 vector. The recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the fusion gene was constructed by adMax adenovirus vector creation system. Recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the fusion gene was transfected into LA795 cells. The expression of recombinant adenovirus was checked by Westen blot. The levels of TGF-beta1, RANTES in supernatant were checked by ELISA. The transfected cells were counted and growth curve was obtained. Apoptosis of transfected cells was detected by Annexin V FITC method. The chemotactic activity of supernatant of transfected cells to splenic lymphocytes was assayed. Transfected cells (1 x 10(5)) were inoculated into T739 mice and to observe the tumor growth and survival time. Ad-TbetaR-II extracellular domain, Ad-RANTES and Ad-TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene(1 x 10(10) pfu) were injected into the tumor in T739 mice. The tumor size and tumor weight were recorded and tumor growth inhibition rate was counted and statistically analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TbetaR-II extracellular domain and RANTES gene were amplified by RT-PCR and TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene amplified by overlapping PCR, were identified by DNA sequence analysis. Restriction enzyme digestion analysis showed that the recombinant vector was constructed correctly. The recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the fusion gene was constructed successfully using the AdMax Adenovirus Vector Creation System. Its titer was 8 x 10(10) pfu/ml. Ad-TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene was transfected into LA795 cells and had specific protein fragment proved by Western Blot. The concentration of TGF-beta1 was decreased and RANTES was increased in supernatant of transfected cells. The growth curve showed that recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the fusion gene could delay tumor development and induce apoptosis, with an apoptosis rate in vitro of 16.9%. The supernant of infected cells showed chemotactic activity to splenic lymphocytes. Tumor growth and survival time were prolonged significantly in group tranfected with recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the fusion gene, and tumor growth was effectively inhibited after injecting recombinant adenovirus vector expressing the fusion gene, with a tumor growth inhibition rate of 37.6%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A recombinant adenovirus vector expressing TbetaR-II extracellular domain-RANTES fusion gene has been constructed successfully. The recombinant adenovirus vector can bind TGF-beta1 effectively, counteract immune suppression mediated by TGF-beta, enhance immune function, induce significant antitumor immune respone, inhibit tumor growth, and prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice.</p>

HB-1, an acute myeloid leukemic cell line with the capability of infiltrating into the brain in CBA/N mice / 生理学报

An acute myeloid leukemic HB-1 cell line was cloned and established from the spleen cells of irradiated CBA/N mice. Acute myeloma leukemia-like syndrome would be induced in normal CBA/N mice after intravenous injection of HB-1 cells, and the death of mouse happened within about two weeks. In general, leukemic cells transplanted into the mice would infiltrate into the hematopoietic organs, lungs, kidneys and liver. An interesting observation in our study was that HB-1 cells were present not only in the lung, kidney, and liver but also in the cerebrum and cerebellum. It was beyond our expectation that the leukemic cells could go through the blood-brain barrier in most circumstances. On the basis of the observation, we expect that HB-1 cells could be used as a very useful model to elucidate the mechanism of infiltrating the blood-brain barrier for certain type of cells.

Development of an anti-infection nano-hydroxypatite drug delivery microsphere and its drug-release in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an anti-infection nano-hydroxypatite (nano-HA) microsphere for local drug delivery for treating osteomyelitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nano-HA was used as the core carrier to load gentamicin (GM) and coated with poly(-hydroxybutyrate-co- hydroxyvalerate)/polyethylene glycol (PHBV/PEG), which was degradable and biocompatible, to prepare nano-HA-PHBV/PEG-GM microsphere. The surface structure and in vitro drug-release of the microsphere were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The microsphere had good drug delivery capability. The samples weighing 90 mg each were soaked in PBS and gentamicin release within the first day was 165.2 microg/ml, which maintained a low release rate in the following days. After 28 days, gentamicin release declined to 8.5 microg/ml, which was higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration of gentamicin (2 microg/ml).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The local drug delivery system has good drug-release performance in vitro and may possess potential value in clinical management of osteomyelitis.</p>