Optimization of the Formulation of Polygala japonica Cream by Central Composite Design-response Surface Methodology Based on AHP-CRITIC Analysis and Its Quality Evaluation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To optimize the formul ation of Polygala japonica cream，and to evaluate the quality of prepared cream. METHODS ：With centrifugal stability ，heat resistance stability and viscosity as evaluation indexes ，the weight coefficient was determined by analytic hierarchy process （AHP），criteria importance through intercriteria correlation （CRITIC）method and mixed weighted AHP-CRITIC ，and the comprehensive score was calculated. The amount of octadecyl alcohol ，hexadecanol and mixed emulsifier （polysorbate 60 mixed with glycerin monostearate at the mass ratio of 2.82）in the formulation of P. japonica cream were screened by central composite design-response surface methodology. The optimized formulation was validated. P. japonica cream prepared by the optimal preparation was evaluated in terms of apperance ，particle，pH，stability and rheological characteristics. RESULTS ：The weight coefficients of centrifugal stability ，heat resistance stability and viscosity were 0.428 5， 0.415 6 and 0.155 9 respectively，according to the mixed weighted AHP-CRITIC. The optimal formulations were 1.96 g of hexadecyl alcohol ，5.17 g of octadecyl alcohol ，2.48 g of mixed emulsifier ，1.83 g of polysorbate 60，0.65 g of glyceride monostearate，1 g of benzyl alcohol ，5 g of propylene glycol ，6 g of isopropyl myristate and 5 g of P. japonica extract，and then added water to 100 g. Prepared cream was a light yellow fluid paste with particle size of 0.5-2.5 μm and pH value of 6.5；the results of centrifugal test ，heat resistance test and cold resistance stability test showed that the cream had no oil-water separation or thickened paste. The prepared cream was shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid. CONCLUSIONS ：P. japonica cream is prepared successfully，which shows good apperance ，particle，acidity and stability.

BP model for relation between anti-aging and four natures, five flavors and meridian tropism of Chinese prescription medicine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a scientific, rapid anti-aging prediction model.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>According to the institutional principle of Chinese prescription medicine and by using the theory and method of artificial neural network, a BP model was built up to cope with the relation between anti-aging and four natures, five flavors as well as meridian tropism of Chinese medicinal herbs.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The accuracy that the model predicted the prescription's anti-aging index of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) was 93. 33%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The model can predict the efficacy of anti-aging prescription very well.</p>

Effects and mechanisms of Herba dendrobii on rats with stomach-heat syndrome / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of Herba dendrobii on rats with stomach-heat syndrome and to explore the mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rats were fed with decoction of Rhizoma Zingiberis for 15 continuous days to induce the model of stomach-heat syndrome. After modeling, Herba Dendrobii (HD) decoction were given (in the doses of 1.5, 0.75 g x kg(-1) respectively) for 10 days. After treatment, amount of the daily diet, volume and absorbance of urine, pellet number and moistness of excrement, color and coating degree of tongue were recorded; the body thermal effects were detected with thermal texture maps (TTM) system; the biochemical indexes of blood reflecting the physiological function of stomach, including thromboxaneB2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha(6-keto-PGF1alpha), motilin (MTL), gastrin (Gas), somatostation (SS), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by radio immunoassay; and the histological changes of gastric mucosa were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The model rat had yellow coating and red tongues (P < 0.05). The amount of daily diet were increased (over 10%), urine volume and excrement pellet number were decreased (over 10%). The their urine color became deep (P < 0.01) and their excrement became dry. The temperatures in head, neck, left fore-armpit, chest, up-abdomen, mid-abdomen of the model rats were raised up (difference > 0.5 degrees C or difference > 1.0 degree C ). The content of 6-keto-PGF1alpha in blood of model rats decreased evidently (P < 0.01), and the contents of MTL, Gas and IL-8 increased conspicuously (P < 0.01). The histological changes of gastric mucosa in the model rats were as follows: diffuse congestion, infiltration of neutrophil, less secretion, decrease of the number of chief and parietal cells, etc (P < 0. 05 or P < 0.01). After treatment with HD, except the daily food weight, the temperatures in head, neck and chest, the content of MTL and the number of chief cells, the other indexes observed above were improved noticeably (difference > 0.5 RC or difference > 1.0 degree C, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reason why HD relieves the general symptom and sign the gastric mucosa of rats with stomach-heat syndrome is that HD can increase 6-keto-PGF1alpha and decrease IL-8, Gas, TXB2 in their blood.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents from twigs of Morus atropurpurea / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the twigs of Morus atropurpurea.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds of the EtOAc fraction were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, polyamide, Sephadex LH -20, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence (MS, NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were identified as mulberrin (1), cyclomulberrin (2), morusin (3), cyclomorusin (4), 2', 4',4, 2"-tetrahydroxy-3'-{3"-methylbut-3"-enyl-}-chalcone (5), mulberrofran G (6), scopoletin (7), moruchalcone A (8), kaempferol (9), ursolic acid (10), beta-daucosterol (11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Except compounds 9 and 11, all the other compounds were obtained from M. atropurpurea for the first time.</p>

Physiological effects of cold and cool Chinese herbal medicine of channel tropism of stomach on rats with stomach-heat syndrome / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Stomach physiological effects of channel tropism of stomach, cold & cool Chinese herbal medicine on rats with stomach-heat syndrome were studied.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Using water decoction of warm &heat medicine, Rhizoma Zingiberis to feed rats for 15 days continuously, causing the stomach-heat sydrome model, then decoction of Rhizoma Coptidis, Herba Taraxaci, Fractus Aurantii Immaturus was used to feed rats for 10 days, respectively. Biochemical indexes of blood reflecting the physiological function of stomach, including thromboxaneB2 (TXB2), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha), Gastrin (Gas), Motilin (MTL), and Somatostation (SS) were measured by radioimmunoassay.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Symptom of stomach-heat syndrome prevailed in body of rats after filled with decoction of Rhizoma Zingiberis, values of TXB2/6-keto-PGF(1alpha), MTL, and Gas in blood raised up evidently, compared with the control (P < 0.05), but values of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha). decreased conspicuously (P < 0.05). After treated with decoction of Rhizoma Coptidis, Herba Taraxaci or Fractus Aurantii Immaturus for 10 days, respectively. Symptoms of stomach heat syndrome were eliminated or alleviated, values of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha), and SS in blood elevated at different degrees, and those of TXB2, TXB2/6-keto-PGF(1alpha), MTL, and Gas felled down at different degrees. Difference of efficacy existed at different groups, group of Rhizoma Coptidis was the strongest, group of Herba Taraxaci was the second, group of Fractus Aurantii Immaturus was the third. Efficacy of medicine in groups with high dosage was stronger than those with low dosage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Channel tropism of stomach, cold and cool Chinese herbal medicine could improve the physiological functions of stomach effectively, and the efficacy concerns with the degree of their cold and cool characteristics.</p>

Effect of protein and anthraquinone glucosides from Semen Cassia on learning and memory capacity and related substances of senile mice induced by D-galactose / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate actions of protein and anthraquinone glucosides from Semen Cassia on learning and memory capacity and related substances of senile mice induced by D-galactose.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The subacute senile mouse models induced by injection of D-galactose subcutaneously were used.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Protein and anthraquinone glucosides from Semen Cassia could improve the learning and memory capacity of senile mice. Protein and anthraquinone glucosides from Semen Cassia not only inhibited the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cerebrum of senile mice, but also enhanced the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cerebrum and lessened the lipofuscin (LF) in liver tissue of senile mice. Protein from Semen Cassia could reduce the content of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in cerebrum of senile mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Protein and anthraquinone glucosides from Semen Cassia could improve the learning and memory capacity of senile mice and delay aging.</p>

Analysis of anthraquinones in serum and urine after oral administration of semen Cassiae / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analysie the anthraquinones absorbed into serum by different animals (or human beings) after oral administration of Semen Cassiae.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Anthraquinones in serum and urine of rats and urine of healthy men after taking Semen Cassiae orally were detected with HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Only some of the anthraquinones were absorbed into serum. There were differences in absorption and metabolism of anthraquinones between rats and men and some new anthraquinones were produced in the process.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anthraquinones absorbed into serum by the experimental animals or men should become target for researching into active compounds of anthraquinones in Semen Cassiae.</p>

Effect of protein and anthraquinone glucosides from cassia seed on serum lipid of hyperlipidemia rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of protein and anthraquinone glucosides from cassia seed on serum lipid of hyperlipidemia rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rat hyperlipidemia model was set up by ig lipid emulsion. The effects of the protein 0.25 and 1 mg.kg-1. d-1, the anthraquinone glucosides 5 and 20 mg.kg-1.d-1, and the protein 0.25 mg.kg-1.d-1 plus the anthracene glucosides 5 mg.kg-1.d-1 on total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in serum of the rats were determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The protein 1 mg.kg-1.d-1, the anthraquinone glucosides 20 mg.kg-1.d-1 reduced the raised TC, TG, LDL-C of hyperlipidemia rats (P < 0.05). The above indexes could also be reduced by the protein 0.25 mg.kg-1.d-1 plus the anthraquinone glucosides 5 mg.kg-1.d-1(P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Protein and anthraquinone glucosides from cassia seed can lower TC, TG, LDL-C of hyperlipidemia rats.</p>

Effect of Protein and Anthraquinone Glycosides from Radix Polygoni Multiflori on Learning and Memory and Metabolites in D-galactose-induced Aging Mice / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the effects of protein and anthraquinones glycosides from Radix Polygoni Multiflori(RPM) on learning and memory as well as associated enzymes and metabolites in mice with D-galactose-induced aging.Methods Eighty Kunming mice were equally randomized into 8 groups: normal group,model group,vitamin E(90mg?kg-1?d-1) group,high-and low-dose RPM protein(20 and5 mg?kg-1?d-1 respectively) groups,high-and low-dose RPM anthraquinone glycoside(28 and 7mg?kg-1?d-1 respectively) groups,combination(low-dose RPM protein and low-dose RPM anthraquinone glycosides)group.Except the normal group,the mice in other groups received subcutaneous injection of D-galactose to indue the aging model.The learning rate of mice was detected with trisection radiation maze,memory was evaluated by one-time passive avoidance response,cerebral superoxide dismustase(SOD) and monoamine oxidase(MAO) activities as well as malondialdehyde(MDA)content were detected with ultraviolet spectrophotometer,and hepatic lipofuscin(LF) content was examined with fluorescence spectrophotometer.Results Memory of aged mice was much improved in high-dose RPM protein group(P