Mechanism of albiflorin in improvement of Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of albiflorin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD) based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets and pathways of albiflorin against AD, and molecular docking technology was used to verify the binding affinity of albiflorin to key target proteins. Finally, the AD cell model was induced by Aβ_(25-35) in rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cells and intervened by albiflorin to validate core targets and pathways. The results of network pharmacological analysis showed that albiflorin acted on key targets such as mitogen-activated protein kinase-1(MAPK1 or ERK2), albumin(ALB), epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), caspase-3(CASP3), and sodium-dependent serotonin transporter(SLC6A4), and signaling pathways such as MAPK, cAMP, and cGMP-PKG. The results of molecular docking showed that albiflorin had strong binding affinity to MAPK1(ERK2). In vitro experiments showed that compared with the blank group, the model group showed decreased cell viability, decreased expression level of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2), increased Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax), and reduced phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2) and the relative expression ratio of p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2. Compared with the model group, the albiflorin group showed potentiated cell viability, up-regulated expression of Bcl-2, down-regulated Bax, and increased phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 and the relative expression ratio of p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2. These results suggest that the mechanism of albiflorin against AD may be related to its activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and its inhibition of neuronal apoptosis.

A Virtual Reality Platform for Context-Dependent Cognitive Research in Rodents / 神经科学通报·英文版

Animal survival necessitates adaptive behaviors in volatile environmental contexts. Virtual reality (VR) technology is instrumental to study the neural mechanisms underlying behaviors modulated by environmental context by simulating the real world with maximized control of contextual elements. Yet current VR tools for rodents have limited flexibility and performance (e.g., frame rate) for context-dependent cognitive research. Here, we describe a high-performance VR platform with which to study contextual behaviors immersed in editable virtual contexts. This platform was assembled from modular hardware and custom-written software with flexibility and upgradability. Using this platform, we trained mice to perform context-dependent cognitive tasks with rules ranging from discrimination to delayed-sample-to-match while recording from thousands of hippocampal place cells. By precise manipulations of context elements, we found that the context recognition was intact with partial context elements, but impaired by exchanges of context elements. Collectively, our work establishes a configurable VR platform with which to investigate context-dependent cognition with large-scale neural recording.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on the blood-brain barrier via the SIRT1/FoxO1 signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the blood-brain barrier via the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1)/Forkhead box O1(FoxO1) signaling pathway after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion using a rat model.Methods:Forty Wistar rats were randomly assigned into sham, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR), CIR+ HBO and CIR+ HBO+ EX527 groups, each of 10. The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established in all groups except the sham group by right middle cerebral artery occlusion using the modified thread-occlusion method. The sham group was not ligated. Both the CIR+ HBO and CIR+ HBO+ EX527 groups were given HBO 1, 9, 21, 45 and 69 hours after the reperfusion. The CIR+ HBO+ EX527 group was additionally injected with 5mg/kg of EX527(a SIRT1inhibitor) peritoneally 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the reperfusion. Then 2% Evens blue (EB) was injected into the tail vein an hour before the rats were sacrificed. The content of EB and the expression of SIRT1, FoxO1, ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-5 mRNA and their proteins were determined using spectrophotometry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions and Western blotting.Results:The average EB content of the hippocampal brain tissue from the CIR, CIR+ HBO and CIR+ HBO+ EX527 rats was significantly greater than the Sham group′s average 72h after reperfusion. The average expression of SIRT1, FoxO1, ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-5 mRNA and their proteins was significantly lower, with the CIR + HBO + EX 527 group′s average significantly lower than that of the CIR+ HBO group.Conclusions:HBO can increase the expression of tight junction protein via the SIRT1/FoxO1 pathway. It helps to protect the blood-brain barrier in CIR injury situations.

Effects of unsafe sexual behavior and sexual orientation on previous HIV testing and HIV testing willingness among college students in Harbin / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the effects of unsafe sexual behavior and sexual orientation on previous HIV testing and HIV testing willingness among college students in Harbin, to provide a theoretical basis for promoting and promoting HIV testing among them. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used to place the automatic vending machine of HIV urine test kit in 9 universities in Harbin from December 2017 to January 2018. The questionnaire star was used to design and recruit college students to carry out an anonymous online survey. The estimated sample size was 6 659. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the effects of unsafe sexual behavior and sexual orientation on previous HIV testing and HIV testing willingness among college students. WPS 2016 was used to sort out the database, and SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 60 849 valid questionnaires were collected. 19.1% (11 189/58 605) of college students reported having sex. College students who used condoms correctly every time, occasionally or never during sex in the past six months 58.5% (6 206/10 603), 25.2%(2 669/10 603)and 16.3% (1 728/10 603), respectively. Heterosexuality, homosexuality and bisexuality accounted for 94.1% (54 393/57 823), 2.4% (1 369/57 823) and 3.5% (2 061/57 823), respectively. The HIV testing willingness of college students was 73.3% (44 572/60 849). The proportion of previous HIV testing was 10.3% (951/9 241). Results of the multivariate logistic analysis showed that compared with the college students who used condoms correctly whenever they had sex in the past six months, there was no significant difference in the proportion of previous HIV testing among college students who sometimes/occasionally used or never used condoms (OR=0.94,95%CI:0.69-1.29; OR=1.11,95%CI:0.73-1.67), but their willingness to HIV testing was lower (OR=0.79, 95%CI:0.71-0.89; OR=0.48, 95%CI:0.42-0.55); Compared with heterosexual college students, homosexual or bisexual college students have a higher proportion of previous HIV testing (OR=2.62, 95%CI:1.62-4.24; OR=2.04, 95%CI:1.25-3.32), but have lower HIV testing willingness (OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.62-0.93; OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.53-0.77). Conclusions: Unsafe sexual behavior existed among college students in Harbin, and college students with weak awareness of HIV prevention also have weak awareness of testing. Behavioral intervention should be strengthened and HIV testing promoted. Compared with heterosexuals, homosexual or bisexual college students had a higher proportion of previous HIV testing, but their willingness to test was lower. The HIV detection mode with better concealment, accuracy, and convenience should be promoted on the college's campus.

Correlation between severity of diabetic retinopathy and corneal SNP changes / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the correlation between severity of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and corneal sub-basal nerve plexus(SNP)changes. METHODS: There were 132 patients with 132 eyes in type 2 diabetes(T2DM)and 80 patients with 80 eyes in age-related cataract selected in our hospital from January 2018 to May 2021, among them, there were 52 non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR)patients with 52 eyes, 40 non proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)patients with 40 eyes and 40 proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)patients with 40 eyes in T2DM. The general data and corneal laser scanning confocal microscopy were analyzed. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between DR clinical stage and nerve fiber length. RESULTS: There were no differences in gender and age comparisons among 4 groups(P>0.05). The diabetes duration in PDR group was significantly longer than NPDR group and NDR group(P<0.05). The diabetes duration in NPDR group was significantly longer than NDR group(P<0.05). The levels of fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in age-related cataract group were significantly lower than other three groups(P<0.05). The best corrected visual acuity in PDR group was significantly lower than NPDR group and NDR group(P<0.05). The best corrected visual acuity in NPDR group was significantly lower than NDR group(P<0.05). The length of nerve fibers in age-related cataract group was significantly higher than NDR group, NPDR group and PDR group(P<0.05). The length of nerve fibers in PDR group was significantly shorter than NPDR group(P<0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between DR stage and nerve fiber length(rs=-0.347, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: There was a correlation between the severity of DR and the changes of corneal SNP. The length of nerve fibers in patients with PDR was significantly shorter than patients with NPDR; Both PDR and NPDR have a loss of neural structure and should pay attention to the evaluation and treatment of ocular surface lesions in the treatment of T2DM fundus lesions.

miR-362-3p Expression in Laryngeal Cancer Tissues and Its Effect on Migration of Hep-2 Cells / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To explore miR-362-3 p expression in laryngeal cancer tissues and its effect on migration of Hep2 cells. Methods miR-362-3 p expression in 50 pairs of tumor and adjacent normal tissues was detected by real-time PCR after sample collection. The relationships between miR-362-3 p expression and clinical pathological characteristics in patients with laryngeal cancer were analyzed.mi R-362-3 p mimic, inhibitor, and control microRNA were transfected into Hep-2 cells. Transfection efficiency was determined by real-time PCR. Wound-healing and transwell assays were used to evaluate Hep-2 migration. Results miR-362-3 p expression was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues (P ＜ 0.05). miR-362-3 p expression was statistically significantly related to node metastasis and clinical stage. Transfection with miR-362-3 p mimic and inhibitor significantly increased and decreased Hep-2 cell migration, respectively (both P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion miR-362-3 p is up-regulated in laryngeal cancer tissues and promotes laryngeal cancer cell migration, suggesting that it acts as a potential oncogene in laryngeal cancer.

Risk factors related to HIV new infections among men who have sex with men in a cohort study / 中华流行病学杂志

Objectives To analyze and understand the risk factors related to HIV new infections among men who have sex with men (MSM).Methods A longitudinal observational study among MSM was conducted to collect information on HIV related behaviors and sero-conversion.Univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to discuss the risk factors for HIV new infection.Results A total number of 4 305 MSM were followed during 2013-2015.Among those self-reported MSM who are seeking partners on the Interner tended to have higher proportion on receptive anal intercourse and consistent condom use during anal intercourse than the subgroups seeking their partners in gay bars or bathrooms.HIV incidence among followed MSM during the study period appeared as 4.3/100 person years,with adjusted RR (aRR) of HIV infection for receptive anal intercourse as group 2.20 (95％ CI:1.49-3.24) times than that of insertion anal intercourse group.Those who used rush-poppers (aRR=1.55,95％CI:1.10-2.17),unprotected anal intercourse (aRR=2.24,95％ CI:1.62-3.08),and those with syphilis infection (aRR=2.95,95％ CI:2.00-4.35) were also risk factors for HIV new infections.After controlling other factors,the relationship between the ways of seeking partners and HIV new infection was not statistical significant.Conclusion Risk factors for HIV new infection among MSM appeared complex and interactive,suggesting that further studies are needed to generate tailored strategies for the prevention of HIV epidemic among MSM population.

Risk factors related to HIV new infections among men who have sex with men in a cohort study / 中华流行病学杂志

Objectives To analyze and understand the risk factors related to HIV new infections among men who have sex with men (MSM).Methods A longitudinal observational study among MSM was conducted to collect information on HIV related behaviors and sero-conversion.Univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to discuss the risk factors for HIV new infection.Results A total number of 4 305 MSM were followed during 2013-2015.Among those self-reported MSM who are seeking partners on the Interner tended to have higher proportion on receptive anal intercourse and consistent condom use during anal intercourse than the subgroups seeking their partners in gay bars or bathrooms.HIV incidence among followed MSM during the study period appeared as 4.3/100 person years,with adjusted RR (aRR) of HIV infection for receptive anal intercourse as group 2.20 (95％ CI:1.49-3.24) times than that of insertion anal intercourse group.Those who used rush-poppers (aRR=1.55,95％CI:1.10-2.17),unprotected anal intercourse (aRR=2.24,95％ CI:1.62-3.08),and those with syphilis infection (aRR=2.95,95％ CI:2.00-4.35) were also risk factors for HIV new infections.After controlling other factors,the relationship between the ways of seeking partners and HIV new infection was not statistical significant.Conclusion Risk factors for HIV new infection among MSM appeared complex and interactive,suggesting that further studies are needed to generate tailored strategies for the prevention of HIV epidemic among MSM population.

Cognitive Analysis of Medical Precise Health Policy for Poverty Alleviation in Poverty Regions / 中国医院管理

Objective To deal with the awareness rate of medical precise health care policy of the medical care workers in poverty-stricken areas and the influencing factors of the awareness rate.Methods The questionnaire was designed based on literature analysis and expert discussion,and field investigation was done.Statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS19.0.Results Only 26.0％ of medical workers express that they were aware of current health poverty alleviation and related policies,while nearly 40％ were not satisfied with current precision health and poverty alleviation policy.Logistic regression analysis indicated that three factors on health care personnel had an impact on the level of awareness of precision health and poverty alleviation policies,"whether the hospital has acquired help from a superior hospital","where the hospital gives help to junior hospitals" and "where the hospital has preferential policies tilt for employees serving primarily for a long time'.Conclusion The awareness and satisfaction on precision health poverty alleviation policy of medical staff at the public county-level hospitals remains to be improved.From the hospital point of view,establishing close county-level rural health and poverty alleviation structure from the hospital and supportive policy of leader-member,innovating management mode,as well as providing preferential policies tilt for employees serving primarily for a long time are viable options for targeted and healthy poverty alleviation.

HIV incidence and factor related to lost-to-follow-up among men who have sex with men in Harbin, Heilongjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To estimate the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) and its related factors in Harbin,Heilongjiang province.Methods A total of 661 MSM were recruited at baseline study from April to June 2013,and followed at 6 months,12 months,and 18 months periods,respectively.Face to face questionnaire interviews were conducted and venous blood was collected for HIV testing among these people.Univariate logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with lost-to-follow-up in the cohort.Results At the end of 18-month follow-up period,the HIV incidence density in the cohort was 4.23/100 person year (95％ CI:2.91/100 person year-5.93/100 person year),with the follow-up rate of loss as 15.4％.Factors as failed to receiving the intervention programs,being at older age,with higher education level and receiving no HIV testing in this MSM community,were related to the loss of follow-up.Conclusion The HIV incidence rate was high among the MSM in Harbin.MSM community based cohort study could improve the efficiency on the study for the problems of follow-up.

Application of ring-like double tubes with negative pressure drainage after radical surgery of breast cancer / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the appropriate and pragmatic drainage after the breast cancer by radi- cal surgery.Methods 120 patients treated by the radical surgery from July 2003 to July 2005,were divided into the experimental group(ring-like double tubes with negative pressure drainage) and the control group(armpit single tube drainage with pressure bind).The differences between the two groups were analyzed in the same period,respectively sixty cases.Results The outflow of the first three days after operation in the experimental group was more than that in control group(P0.05).The incidence of sinoma and incision delaying healing in experimental group was lower than that in con- trol group(P

Application of transanus ilues tube in the case of left-semicolon cancer with intestinal obstruction / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the case of left-semicolon cancer with intestinal obstruction for the methods of one-stage resection and anastomosis.Methods The clinical data of ten patients with left-semicolon can- cer with intestinal obstruction treated by transanus ilues tube,were restrospectively analyzed from October 2004 to December 2006.Results No postoperative anastormotic leakage was found and the patients were clinically cured. Conclusion The technical problem that left-semicolon cancer with obstruction for one-stage resection and anastomo- sis was resolved by the application of transanus ilues tube.