RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of peripheral blood marrow-derived suppressor cell level after chemotherapy induction remission by regimen consisting of vincristine, daunorubicin, L-asparaginase and prednisone (VDLP) and to analyze their relationship with immume system in B-ALL children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty B-ALL children after induction remission by VDLP regimen from August 2015 to August 2016 were selected as B-ALL group and 30 normal healthy children were selected as control group. The peripheral blood in 2 groups was collected and detected by flow cytometry, then the ratios of CD30cells and CD33HLA-DRmarrow-derived suppressor cells, CD14CD33HLA-DRmarrow-derived suppressor cells and CD15CD33HLA-DRmarrow-derived suppressor cells were calculated, and their changes after induction remission by VDLP regimen and the relationship with immune system were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment the ratio of CD33cells in peripheral blood of B-ALL group and control group was not significantly different (P> 0.05), moreover, the ratio of CD33cells in B-ALL group was significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.05), while the ratios of CD33HLA-DRmarrow-derived suppressor cells, CD14CD33HLA-DRmarrow-derived suppressor cells and CD15CD33HLA-DRmarrow-derived suppressor cells in B-ALL group were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05), but the ratios of these cells in B-ALL group were higher than those before treatment, and yet there was no statistical significance (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ratios of marrow-derived suppressor cells in peripheral blood of B-ALL children in complete remission after treatment with VDLP regimen are higher than those before treatment, but are significantly lower than normal value, which may be related with non-complese recovery of immune system in B-ALL children after treatment.</p>
RESUMO
<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>In computed tomography (CT)-based radiotherapy planning for prostate cancer, it is difficult to precisely delineate the prostatic apex because of its relationship with the urogenital diaphragm and bulbospongiosus musculature. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scans of the patients with prostate cancer to investigate the relationship between the prostatic apex and the anatomic structure visible on CT, and to provide evidence for localizing the prostatic apex in radiotherapy planning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MRI and CT scans of 108 patients with prostate cancer were analyzed to measure the distances between the prostatic apex and the bottom of ischial tuberosities, the bottom of obturator foramen, the bottom of pubic symphysis, and the bulb of the penis. The volume of the prostate was measured to analyze its relationship with the localization of the prostatic apex.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prostatic apex was located (13.1±3.3) mm above the bulb of the penis, (11.0±5.4) mm above the bottom of the obturator foramen, (31.3±5.5) mm above the ischial tuberosities, and (7.1±4.7) mm above the bottom of the symphysis pubis. There was no correlation between the size of the prostate and the localization of the prostatic apex.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The variance of the distance between the prostatic apex and the bulb of the penis is smaller than that of the distance between the apex and bony anatomy. Delineating the target to 6 mm above the bulb of the penis can cover the prostatic apex in 95% of the patients with prostate cancer, delineating to the bottom of obturator foramen can cover the prostatic apex in 100% of the patients.</p>