A recombinant adenovirus vector carrying murine interleukin-21 gene controls chronic HBV infection in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of an adenovirus vector containing murine interleukin-21 gene (Ad-GFP-mIL-21) in virus clearance and on the production of HBV-specific antibodies in mice with persistent HBV infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ELISA and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of mIL-21 in the supernatant and cytoplasm of cultured HepG2.2.15 cells after infection by Ad-GFP-mIL-21. Mouse models of chronic HBV infection established by in vivo transduction with rAAV8-1.3HBV were divided into 3 groups for treatment 12 weeks later with injection of Ad-GFP-mIL-21, GFP recombinant adenovirus or PBS via the tail vein. Serum levels of HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, and mIL-21 in the mice were detected using ELISA, and the expression of Ad-GFP-mIL-21 in the organs was observed by fluorescent microscopy at different time points after the injection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ad-GFP-mIL-21 was capable of infecting HepG2.2.15 cells in vitro, and the levels of mIL-21 in the supernatant were correlated with the titers of adenovirus administered and the infection time. In the mice with persistent HBV infection, green fluorescence expression was observed almost exclusively in the liver on day 4 after injection of Ad-GFP-mIL21, and serum levels of IL-21 increased significantly compared with the level before treatment (P<0.05). Although HBsAb was undetectable in both Ad-GFP-mIL21-injected and control mice on day 13, a significantly higher serum level of HBcAb was detected in the mice with Ad-GFP-mIL21 injection (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ad-GFP-mIL-21 can efficiently express mIL-21 in mice with chronic HBV infection to downregulate serum levels of HBsAg and promote HBcAb production, suggesting its efficacy in controlling chronic HBV infection.</p>

Survey report about farmers and herdsmen in a demonstration base of Datong on Brucellosis prevention and control in Shanxi province / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To survey knowledge of the local people's understanding of Brucellosis,and to explore the risk factors for brucellosis infection,and to determine the key issue of next comprehensive health promotion intervention.Methods Two counties,Yanggao and Guangling,which are old endemic areas with Brucellosis in history,and with epidemic rebounding in recent years,were selected.The survey was carried out by two stage stratified cluster sampling method.The questionnaires included respondents' demographic data(gender,age,education level,etc.),Brucellosis (hereinafter referred to as Brucellosis) knowledge of the investigation and behavior and attitude of people toward the measure for control of Brucellosis.Results A total of 5372 people were investigated in two counties of which 62.7％(3362/5372) of farmers.The investigated crowd had low culture level.The awareness of Brucellosis infection route of Yanggao and Guangling counties were 84.03％ (2379/2831) and 333％(847/2541 ).The average awareness of Brucellosis infection route was 18.60％(6001/32 260).In the investigation of knowledge on Brucellosis prevention of the two counties,29％ believed that it was necessary to wear gloves to process flow product,and 70％ of people answered do not know.For farmers on how to deal with dead animals,results showed that 79.1％(664/839) in Yanggao choose to sell dead animals to the market; 61.2％ (267/361) in Guangling choose to kill and bury,there were inappropriate treatment on handling of ill and dead animals in the two counties.Conclusions Spread of Brucellosis is caused mainly due to emphasis on the disease is not enough,and inappropriate handling of dead livestock.Measures like strengthening health education and behavioral intervention,increasing public awareness of the disease prevention and ability to change the incorrect way of life and cognitive concepts,can effectively reduce human infection and the spread of Brucellosis.

Increased regional homogeneity in internet addiction disorder: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Internet addition disorder (IAD) is currently becoming a serious mental health problem among Chinese adolescents. The pathogenesis of IAD, however, remains unclear. The purpose of this study applied regional homogeneity (ReHo) method to analyze encephalic functional characteristic of IAD college students under resting state.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Functional magnetic resonanc image (fMRI) was performed in 19 IAD college students and 19 controls under resting state. ReHo method was used to analyze the differences between the average ReHo in two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The following increased ReHo brain regions were found in IAD group compared with control group: cerebellum, brainstem, right cingulate gyrus, bilateral parahippocampus, right frontal lobe (rectal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus), left superior frontal gyrus, left precuneus, right postcentral gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. The decreased ReHo brain regions were not found in the IAD group compared with the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are abnormalities in regional homogeneity in IAD college students compared with the controls and enhancement of synchronization in most encephalic regions can be found. The results reflect the functional change of brain in IAD college students. The connections between the enhancement of synchronization among cerebellum, brainstem, limbic lobe, frontal lobe and apical lobe may be relative to reward pathways.</p>

Association of 14 polymorphisms in the five candidate genes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common behavior disorders in childhood and adolescent. The etiology of ADHD is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between each of the 14 polymorphisms in the five candidate genes and ADHD, and between the combination of some polymorphisms in those genes and ADHD, in attempting to examine whether combinations of genotypes would confer a significant susceptibility to ADHD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-nine children with ADHD and one hundred and nineteen normal children were enrolled. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of three candidate genes were examined with PCR and RFLP techniques. 48 bp VNTR in DRD4 gene was examined with PCR, nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. Five microsatellites (MS) of three candidate genes were examined with genotyping. The relationship between the combinations of 12 polymorphisms and ADHD was examined with logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1.The frequency of 1065T/1065T genotype and the 1065T allele were significantly higher in ADHD children than that in normal controls (P<0.05). The frequency of -48G/-48G genotype of the A-48G polymorphism of DRD1 gene was significantly lower in ADHD children than that in normal controls (P<0.05). 2. A specific combination of three polymorphisms in the two genes showing an association with ADHD gave a prediction level of 77.5%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The T1065G polymorphism in the SNAP-25 may be associated with ADHD. The 1065T/1065T genotype and the 1065T allele may be a risk factor for ADHD. The A-48G polymorphism of DRDI may be associated with ADHD. The -48G/-48G genotype may be a protective factor for ADHD. The specific combination of three sites of SNP in SNAP-25 gene and DRDI gene is found and shows an association with ADHD in 12 polymorphisms of the five candidate genes on glutamatergic/dopaminergic pathway.</p>

Study on Genetic Model of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To analyze the genetic model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods The segregation analysis and polygenic multiple threshold model were used to prove the polygenic model and to estimate the heritability and recurrence risk of ADHD in each degree relatives.Results 1. The average heritability of ADHD was (102.47?9.78)%;2.The first-degree relatives of probands were in high risk for ADHD(23.0%)compared with colony prevalence rate(2.6%). The ADHD prevalence of each degree relatives rapidly decreased with the increased magnitude of consanguineous relationship of each degree relatives and ADHD probands. Conclusions The genetic model of ADHD is the most likely polygenic inheritance with major genes, which suggested that the genetic factor might play an important role in the liability variance of ADHD.Apart from the involvement of multiple genes,each gene contributes a small additive effect,and the major genes may be involved as well.