Research Progress of Inhalation Drug in Prevention and Treatment of Disease / 医药导报

Inhaled drug was delivered through the oral and nasal cavities,which can avoid the liver first pass effect and nervous system barriers.Inhaled drugs can directly reach the disease site,which play a critical role in the treatment of respiratory diseases,infectious diseases,endocrine system diseases,nervous system diseases,tumor diseases,surgical perioperative respiratory tract management,preventive medicine and so on.Furthermore,as a non-invasive drug delivery method,inhalation has many ad-vantages such as high bioavailability, good stability, and targeted binding to lesion site, low systemic drug exposure, low side effects and easily acceptance.It will play an important role in the treatment of systemic diseases with whole body.In this paper,the research progress in the prevention and treatment of diseases in various systems by inhalation administration is reviewed.in order to explore the value of inhalation administration in the treatment of diseases,to improve the awareness of medical nursing staff on the way of inhalation treatment and to make patients have more benefit.

Exploration of SPL-PBL Teaching Method in Clinical Pharmacist Training / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the new method for clinical pharmacists training,and provide reference for improving the quality of clinical pharmacists training. METHODS:Based on the full-awareness of Definition and characteristics of stage-progres-sive learning(SPL)and problem-based learning(PBL)teaching method,SPL-PBL teaching method was used in the teaching of the-oretical and clinical practice in the process of students training in clinical pharmacist training base. The teaching course of theoreti-cal knowledge was mainly SPL in first half and PBL in another half. While in the clinical practice teaching of ward rounds,check-ing doctor's advice,participation in the development of treatment programs and case discussion,PBL was mainly used interspersed by SPL;SPL was mainly in inquiry,pharmaceutical care and medication education interspersed by PBL. RESULTS:SPL-PBL teaching method had not only effectively aroused the enthusiasm of the students'learning,enhanced the sense of responsibility and improved their clinical professional knowledge and practice ability,but also strengthened the cultivation of students communication ability,document retrieval ability,writing communication ability and self-learning ability(four abilities) to make students more quickly into the role and improve their subjective initiative. CONCLUSIONS:Practice has proved that the SPL-PBL teaching meth-od not only gives consideratin to the inndividual differences among studengts,but also mobilizes the enthusiam,and not only gives consideration to the teaching about basic theoretical knowledge,but also strengthens the training for clinical thingkig andfour abili-ties,wich can be used for the clinical pharmacists training. Meanwhile,SPL has expanded the aplication surface of PBL beacuse that SPL has reduced the requirements of PBL for overall qulity. However,it needs to be improved because of the short time appli-cation.

Effects of Four Dihydropyridine Calcium Antagonists on CYP3 A4 Enzyme Activity Induced By Dexametha-sone in Female Rats / 中国药师

Objective:To study the inhibition effects of four dihydropyridine calcium antagonists felodipine, nicardipine, lercani-dipine and nifedipine on CYP3A4 enzyme to provide the theoretical basis for the understanding of the drug interactions between dihydro-pyridine calcium antagonists and other drugs. Methods:Using the probe drugs method, the SD female rats induced by 80 mg·kg-1 · d-1 dexamethasone for three days were divided into the negative control group, positive control group, four DHPs groups with six ones in each. Dapsone was used as the probe substrate, and the concentration was determined by HPLC. Data analysis software WinNonLin was used in the pharmacokinetic model fitting process and the paired t-test was used in the statistical analysis. Results: AUC0-24 and CL/F of dapsone in the negative control group showed statistically significant differences when compared with those in the four DHPs groups and the positive group (Pnicardipine > lercanidipine > felodipine, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0. 05). Cmax of dapsone in the DHPs groups and the positive group had no statistically significant difference when compared with that in the negative control group ( P>0. 05). Conclusion:Although there are different inhibition effects on CYP3A4 among the four DHPs, the differences are not significant in vivo, and there is no influence on the combination drugs which is not mainly metabolized by CYP3A4.

Study on applying surface active agent to increase extractive rate of curcumin / 中成药

AIM: Using surface active agent that has wetting ability and solubilising to increase the extraction rate of curcumin. METHODS: Different surface active agents, such as span, span 60, tween 20, tween 85. SDS and CSBS, were added and then the curcumin was determined. RESULTS: When we added 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), it could increase the extractive rate of curcumin by 16%. CONCLUSION: Different surface active agents have variable solubiitzation of different drugs. SDS can affect the extractive rate of curcumin.