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Objective:To investigate the effect of vector sum concept in fine-tuning posterior column screw channel via ilioinguinal approach for the treatment of bi-column acetabular fracture.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 42 patients with acetabular double column fracture admitted to Weifang People′s Hospital from July 2015 to May 2021, including 22 males and 20 females, aged 23-77 years [(49.3±16.3)years]. The ilioinguinal approach was used in all patients with the anterior column fixed with a plate and posterior column fixed with a lag screw. The vector sum concept was used intraoperatively to fine-tune the posterior column screw channel in 19 patients (channel fine-tuning group): namely, a 2.5 mm Kirschner wire was inserted into the bony channel of the posterior column screw under fluoroscopy of iliac oblique and obturator oblique positions; when the Kirschner wire was not located in the middle of the ischial ramus under single fluoroscopy, the vector only needed to be adjusted in one direction, with zero in the other direction; when the Kirschner wire was not located in the middle of the ischial ramus under fluoroscopy of both the iliac oblique and obturator obturator oblique positions, the sum of the deviation vectors in the two directions was calculated before fine-tuning. The vector sum concept was not used to fine-tune the posterior column channel screw in 23 patients (channel non-fine-tuning group). The time of posterior column screw placement, intraoperative blood loss, frequency of guide wire adjustment and fracture healing time were recorded and compared between the two groups. At 6 months after operation, the quality of fracture reduction and hip function were assessed by Matta score and Merle D′Aubigne-Postel score, respectively. The complications were observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 7-71 months [(35.7±8.5)months]. In channel fine-tuning group, the time of posterior column screw placement was (5.1±1.5)minutes, with intraoperative blood loss of (798.8±83.9)ml, frequency of guide wire adjustment of (1.8±0.5)times and fracture healing time of (12.4±3.2)weeks; while these parameters [(39.8±12.0)minutes, (1 119.3±172.0)ml, (5.6±1.6)times and (15.6±4.2)weeks] were significantly shorter or less in channel non-fine-tuning group ( P<0.05 or 0.01). There were no significant difference in the quality of fracture reduction and hip function between the two groups at 6 months postoperatively (all P>0.05). After operation, symptoms of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was found in seven patients, superficial incision infection in two who was healed after debridement and dressing change, deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs in three. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups [channel fine-tuning group: 26%(5/19), channel non-fine-tuning group: 30%(7/23)] ( P>0.05). Conclusion:For bi-column acetabular fractures via ilioinguinal approach, application of vector and concept to fine-tune the posterior column screw channel is beneficial for rapid screw placement into the osseous channel, significant reduction of intraoperative blood loss and early fracture healing.
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Objective To estimate the performance of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in the diagnosis of superficial cutaneous fungal infections. Methods This study recruited 59 patients with clinically suspected superficial cutaneous fungal infections.Three typical lesions were selected in each patient for CLSM and microscopic examination.Results CLSM revealed hyphae in stratum corneum in 56％ (14/25) of tinea manus or pedis and 79.17％ (19/24) of tinea cruris lesions,7 out of 8 tinea manus or pedis and 94.12％( 16/17 ) of tinea cruris early lesions (＜ 3 weeks ),and 41％ (7/17) of tinea manus or pedis and 3 out of 7 tinea croris old lesions (＞ 3 weeks).All the CLSM-positive specimens were positive for microscopic examination,and among the CLSM-negative specimens,fungal elements were observed by microscopic examination in 8 out of 11 tinea manus or pedis specimens,4 out of 5 tinea cruris specimens,1 tinea manus or pedis and 1 tinea cruris specimen of early lesions,and 7 out of 10 tinea manus or pedis and 3 out of 4 tinea cruris specimens of old lesions.No hypha was found by CLSM in any of the 10 tinea versicolor specimens,while microscopic examination revealed fungal elements in 8 of them.Neither CLSM nor microscopy revealed fungal elements in lesions from 5 patients with tinea manus or pedis and 5 patients with tinea cruris after treatment with topical bifonazole cream for 2 weeks.Conclusions CLSM shows a good consistency with light microscopy in the examination of early lesions of tinea marnus and pedis as well as tinea croris,and may serve as a valuable tool for clinical diagnosis.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different doses of obestatin on amylase secretion of pancreatic acinar and lobules of rats in vitro.MethodsPancreatic acinar cells of rats were separated in vitro and incubated with different doses of obestatin (0,0.1,1,10,30 nmol/L) for 1h,another group of pancreatic acinar ceils was incubated with obestatin for 30 min,then was incubated with 100 pmol/L CCK-8 for another 30 min.Pancreatic lobules,which containing intrapancreatic nerve terminals and islets,were prepared and were incubated with different concentrations of obestatin for 30 min at 37℃ with or without 75 mmol/L KCl.Amylase levels in the supernatants,acinar cells and pancreatic lobules were calculated as a percentage of total amylase content.ResultsObestatin (0,0.1,1,10,30 nmol/L) produced no significant change in basal amylase release of acinar cells [ (3.48 ± 1.44) ％,(3.70 ±- 1.39) ％,(3.36 ± 1.24) ％,(3.86 ± 1.41 ) ％,(4.54 ± 2.01 ) ％ ].CCK-8 significantly increased amylase release of acinar cells [ ( 13.84 ± 2.63 ) ％ vs (3.48 ± 1.44)％,P ＜0.05],but obestatin (0.1,1,10 nmol/L) has no effect on the amylase release inducedby CCK-8 [(14.55 ± 1.7)％,(13.79 ± 1.81)％,(14.39 ± 1.12)％].Obestatin (0.1,1,10,30 nmol/L) did not affect the amylase release of pancreatic lobuole.KCl significantly increased anylase release,which was ( 1.84 ± 0.29 ) folds higher than that of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ),but obestatin has no effect on the amylase release induced by KCl,which were (2.01 ± 0.30 ),( 1.89 ± 0.41 ),( 1.74 ± 0.14 ),( 1.88± 0.33) folds higher than those of control group.ConclusionsExogenous obestatin has no effects on pancreatic exocrine of acinar cells and lobules of rats in vitro and cannot block or assist the increased amylase release induced by CCK-8 or KCl.
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Objective To investigate the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation in repairing injured intestinal mucosa of acute pancreatitis.Methods MSCs were harvested and cultured from femurs of male SD rats.Twenty female SD rats were divided into three groups,and serve acute pancratitis (SAP) model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine (2 g/kg) twice.Twelve hours after SAP model established,MSC transplantation group (n=8) were injected MSCs (5 × 106 cell/rat) through tail vein for three days,and SAP group (n=6) were injected the same volume of saline through tail vein as control.Control group (n=6) were only injected the same volume of saline without any treatment.All the rats were sacrificed at 72 hours after model established.The small intestinal tissues were taken for HE staining and pathological score,the TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA expression level in small intestine and pancreas were tested by RT-PCR.Y chromo-some (Sry) gene in pancreatic and intestinal tissue was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The relative expression quantity of TNF-a mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in pancreas was significant higher in SAP group and MSC transplantation group than in control group (7.22 ± 1.99,3.46± 1.75 vs 1.32 ± 1.04 ; 2.71 ± 0.56,1.92 ± 0.28 vs 0.61 ± 0.45 ),the difference was statistically significant (F=18.375,F=22.701; P＜0.05).Compared with SAP group,the expression quantity of TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in pancreas was significantly decreased in MSC transplantation group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The relative expression quantity of TNF-α mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in small intestine was significantly higher in SAP group and MSC transplantation group than in control group (3.93 ± 1.08,2.13 ± 0.53 vs 0.68 ± 0.42 ; 2.44 ± 1.54,1.02±0.44 vs 0.60±0.14),the difference was statistically significant (F=21.772,F=6.132; P＜0.05).The expression of TNF-αmRNA and IL-1β mRNA in MSC transplantation group was lower than that in SAP group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Compared with SAP group,pathological score indicated that small intestine injure was slighter in MSC transplantation group (3.83±0.28 vs 2.83±0.56),the difference was statistically significant (F=12.013,P＜0.05).Sry gene could be detected in the pancreatic and intestinal tissue of MSC transplantation group.Conclusion Allogeneic MSC transplantation group can inhibit Pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in acute pancreatitis,relieve the intestinal mucosa injury and may involve in the intestinal tissue repair.
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Objective To investigate quercetin's protective effect against oxidative stress in and impact on the biological activity of mouse B10BR melanocytes. Methods B10BR cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of quercetin followed by additional culture. Then, cell viability was measured by using MTT assay, hydrogen peroxide-induced cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, and cell morphological changes by microscopy. The tyrosinase activity in and melanin synthesis by B10BR cells were measured by dopa oxidation assay and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-lysis method, respectively. Results After treatment with quercetin of 33.33 μmol/L for 24 hours, the survival rate of B10BR cells reached (94.22 ± 3.36)%, tyrosinase activity (107.15 ± 10.96)%, and melanin content (111.85 ± 9.49)%. A significant difference was observed in tyrosinase activity and melanin content between hydrogen peroxide-induced and 33.33 μmol/L quercetin-treated B10BR cells and those only induced by hydrogen peroxide (both P < 0.01). Flow cytometry revealed that quercetin inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in melanocytes. Conclusion The protective effect of quercetin against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in melanocytes may provide a new idea for the treatment of vitiligo.
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Objective To investigate the expression of Smac/DIABLO, XIAP mRNA in acute pancreatitis (AP) and the relationship with the severity in rats.Methods Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:sham-operation (SO) group, acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) group and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) group.The models of AEP and ANP were induced by retrograde injection of 1％ and 3.5％ sodium deoxycholate into the pancreaticobiliary duct respectively.The specimens of pancreatic tissue at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h were collected, pathological changes of the pancreas were observed, apeptosis in pancreas were detected by TUNEL method and the expression of Smac/DIABLO, XIAP mRNA were analyzed by real-time PCR.Results Pathological changes of the pancreas confirmed the establishment of AEP and ANP.Apeptosis indexes in SO group, AEP group and ANP group were 0.67±0.82, 6.62 ±0.78 and 4.70 ±0.82, and the differences were significant (P< 0.05).The expression of Smac/DIABLO mRNA of AEP group increased with time, while the expression of ANP group decreased with time.Compared with SO group, Smac/DIABLO mRNA expressions at 6 h in AEP and ANP group were 2.41 ± 0.92 and 1.47± 0.53, and the differences were significant (P<0.05).By contrast, the expressions of XIAP mRNA in AEP group decreased with time,while the expressions in ANP group increased with time.The expressionsof XIAP mRNA at 6 h in AEP and ANP group were 5.51 ± 1.07 and 6.99 ± 1.00, and the differences were significant (P<0.05).Conclusions In acute pancreatitis, the expression of Smac/DIABLO mRNA was consistent with the apoptosis of pancreatic acinar cells, but not consistent with the severity of pancreatitis.The expression of XIAP mRNA was consistent with the severity of pancreatitis.Smac/DIABLO, XIAP mRNA is associated with regulation of apoptosis.
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Objective To investigate the expression of melatonin MT1 receptor in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and the protective effects of melatonin (MT) pre-intervention for the pancreas. Methods Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups:sham-operation group, ANP group and MT-pretreated group. The models of ANP were induced by retrograde injection sodium taurocholate into the bili-pancreatic duct. MT group undergoing intraperitoneal injection 50 mg/kg 30 minutes before the establishment of ANP models. Four, 8 and 12 hours after the onset of operation, the levels of serum amylase and pathological changes of the pancreas were observed. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in the pancreas were measured. The expression of MT1 protein and MT1 mRNA in pancreas were separately analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Results (1) Pancreatic pathological damage in ANP groups was progressive exacerbated. It was obviously ameliorated in MT group as compared with ANP group ( P ＜ 0.05 ); (2) Compared with SO group, the levels of serum amylase, MDA and TNFα in the pancreas were significantly increased in ANP group (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ). They were markedly decreased in MT group as compared with ANP group [ 12 h, (2348.00 ±278.90)U/L vs (3194. 83 ±538.10)U/L,(2.255 ± 0.472 ) μmol/L vs ( 2.960 ± 0.722 ) μ mol/L, ( 102.929 ± 29.399 ) ng/L vs ( 378. 544 ±183.454)ng/L, P ＜ 0.05 ]. The level of SOD was decreased in ANP group compared with SO group (P ＜0.05) and increased in MT group[ 12h, (11.448 ± 1.594)U/L vs (8.427 ± 1.950)U/L, P＜0.05] ;(3)Compared with SO group, the expression of MT1 protein and MT1 mRNA in ANP group were down-regulated as the severity of the disease increased ( P ＜ 0.05 ). They were significantly higher in MT group than ANP group. Conclusions Melatonin pre-intervention is able to increase SOD level and decrease MDA, TNFα levels, thereby reducing pancreatic injury. The MT1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of ANP. MT might exert protective effects for the pancreas in ANP rats through increase the expression of MT1.