RESUMO
The cervical epithelium can be affected by vaginal microecosystem inevitably, for the specificity of the cervical anatomy.HPV infection and cervical cancer,as well as vaginitis are associated with the imbalance of vaginal microecosystem.High-risk HPV infection is closely related to cervical cancer and precancerous lesions,with HPV16 and HPV18 causing 70%cervical cancer worldwide.Therefore,HPV test is significant in cervical cancer screening and follow-up.However, HPV test is used for cervical cancer or precancerous lesions detection clinically.In consequence, a threshold of HPV test for CIN2 +lesions evaluation should be set.In conclusion, it is important to understand the relationship among vaginal microecosystem,HPV infection and cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.Clinicians should know the purpose of HPV detection, which will contribute to clinical diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.(Chin J Lab Med,2018,41:267-269)