RESUMO
The myelin sheath of the central nervous system(CNS)is a multilayer lipid membrane with oligodendrocyte membrane surrounding the axon.The development of myelin sheath in children follows the corresponding laws of time and space, and this process of myelination is considered to be related to children′s proper behavior and function.The myelin sheath development of CNS in childhood is a multi-step and extremely complex process, and the integrity of myelin sheath plays a crucial role in shaping CNS function.At present, it has been found that many neurological diseases in children, such as multiple sclerosis, transverse myelitis and pediatric optic neuritis are closely related to myelin sheath abnormality.Therefore, this paper reviews the progress of myelin sheath development and related diseases in childhood, so as to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of myelin sheath abnormalities.
RESUMO
Objective To explore the protective effect of miconazole on white matter damage (WMD) in neonatal rats. Methods Three-day-old neonatal SD rats were randomly divided into sham group, WMD model group, 10 mg/(kg·d) miconazole group and 40 mg/(kg·d) miconazole group with 15 rats each. Rats in WMD model group were subjected to the ligation of right carotid artery, and then kept in a chamber with 6% oxygen and 94% nitrogen for 80 min to establish the white matter damage model. The rats in miconazole group were intraperitoneally injected with different doses (10 and 40mg/kg) of miconazole, dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), for five consecutive days, and rats in WMD model group were injected with the same volume of DMSO. Myelin basic protein (MBP) of white matter was detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. Myelin sheaths of corpus callosum were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Weight changes of rats were compared among groups. Results Immunofluorescence staining and western blot showed that, after treatment with miconazole, the MBP expression level of corpus callosum was higher than in WMD model group (P<0.05). In WMD model group, the myelin sheath of corpus callosum had loose structure and a large number of small vacuoles with decreased thickness of myelin sheath. After treatment with miconazole, myelinolysis induced by anoxia and ischemia could be improved significantly. The increase in weight of rats in WMD model group was significantly less than that in sham group. And after miconazole treatment, the rate of weight gain of rats was increased. Conclusion Miconazole can significantly reduce the brain white matter damage induced by anoxia and ischemia through promoting myelination, and then improves the growth and development in rats.