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Objective@#To investigate the prevalence and related factors of osteoporosis among retired population in Dongfeng-Tongji cohort.@*Methods@#27 009 retired participants were recruited from Dongfeng Motor Corporation in Hubei Province in 2008 and followed up from April to October in 2013. newly retired participants also were recruited. Data were collected by using questionnaire, physical examination, serum hepatase detection and bone densitometry. Totally, 30 916 participants were included for data analysis after excluding participants with severe bone metabolic diseases, taking hormone drugs, incomplete follow-up data and who were under 45 years old. Age-standardized prevalence of osteoporosis was calculated according to data of the 2010 Sixth National Population Census. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the associated factors of osteoporosis.@*Results@#Prevalence of osteoporosis was 42.3% (13 083/30 916) and age standardized prevalence was 40.7%: 35.0% (4 854/13 878) and 34.8% for males; 48.3% (8 229/17 038) and 47.1% for females. Significantly associated factors with osteoporosis for both males and females included: older age (male: OR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.40-1.99; female:OR=3.34, 95%CI: 2.70-4.13), lower BMI (male: OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.40-2.06; female: OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.04-1.53), exercise (male: OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.61-0.78; female: OR=0.87, 95%CI: 0.80-0.96), abnormal elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (male: OR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.01-1.24; female: OR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.06-1.25), γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) (male: OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.02-1.30; female: OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.03-1.24) and aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) (male: OR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.05-1.25; female: OR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.19-1.38). Smoking (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.07-1.39) and drinking (OR=1.11, 95%CI: 1.08-1.16) were associated factors for males while menopausal (OR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.47-1.89) for females. There were positive dose-response correlation relationships of serum levels of ALP, γ-GT and AST/ALT with osteoporosis (all P values<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Osteoporosis was relatively common among retired population in Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. In addition to known factors such as older age, lower BMI and exercise, abnormal elevated serum ALP, γ-GT and AST/ALT were also associated with osteoporosis.
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BACKGROUND: People, with various live patterns, have different impacts when walking, while the impact type always takes effects on shock attenuation of people. Foreign researches had shown shock attenuation during walking had been linked to many kinds of injuries.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine whether dancers with different dancing patterns would show different impact shock attenuation when walking.DESIGN: A controlled observation.SETTING: Sports College, Guangxi Normal University; College of Human Movement Science, Beijing Sports University.PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen old social dancing exercisers who had 3 years of dancing exercises and exercised 1.0-2.0 hours per day were selected from family members' area of Beijing Sports University and recruited for this study. Seven subjects dancing with smooth rises and falls were selected into one group (namely group A) by a professional social dance teacher and another seven retires dancing with abrupt rises and falls were selected into another group (namely group B). The age, body height and body mass of subjects between two groups could be comparable. METHODS: The BK4393 uni-gain miniature accelerometers (Denmark) were attached to the skin of 3 cm below the tubercle of tibia and median line of frontal bone in subjects to test their the impact acceleration during normal speed. At the same time, retires' gaits were filmed by a normal speed camera to get the kinematic variables. All variables related to shock attenuation were compared by statistical means, and the difference of shock attenuation between two groups were analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Related extremity gait kinematic parameters, peak acceleration of tibia and head, and impact shock attenuation during normal walkingRESULTS: Fourteen subjects participated in the finial analysis. Group B showed significant higher values of the maximum knee angle, maximum ankle angle and total angle change of ankle joint statistically than group A (P ＜ 0.05). There were no significant differences in impact acceleration of tibia stance phase between two groups (P ＞ 0.05), impact acceleration of head in the group A was lower than that in the group B (P ＜ 0.05), and shock attenuation between tibia and head was better in the group A than in the group B (P =0.007). CONCLUSION: Dancing with smooth rises and falls is beneficial to enhancing shock attenuation ability and improving ankle dorsiflexion control and the whole coordinated ability in social dancing exercises.