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Objective@#In order to analyze the characteristics of the outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection in children caused by respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).@*Methods@#The field epidemiological investigations were conducted for the two outbreaks in kindergartens in Hangzhou. Data were analyzed by descriptive method. Samples with positive respiratory syncytial virus nucleic acid were sequenced using PCR.@*Results@#The two outbreaks occurred in kindergartens. There were 21 cases in kindergarten A, lasting 11 days, and 43 cases in kindergarten B, lasting 33 days. The epidemic curve showed a proliferation pattern. The cases were concentrated in nurseries and K1 classes, primarily among children aged 2-4 years. The most common symptoms were fever and cough, mainly upper respiratory tract infection, and no severe cases were found. Upper respiratory tract samples were collected and detected as positive for RSV. Four samples were sequenced and identified as subgroup B.@*Conclusion@#During the outbreak of acute respiratory infection in kindergartens, respiratory syncytial virus should be given primary consideration in the process of identification of the outbreak caused by other respiratory infections, and strictly control measures should be taken to reduce the long term impact of the epidemic.
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Objective:To systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).Methods:PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), VIP database and Wanfang Database were searched for literature published from January 1991 to March 2020 with CSC patients as subjects and OCTA and FFA as diagnostic methods of CNV.The quality of the included literature was evaluated with Australian JBI tool.A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software.The source of heterogeneity was identified by age and total number of samples subgroup analysis.Results:Nine studies with a total sample size of 374 eyes were enrolled.The quality score of 8 studies was greater than 14.The detection rate of CNV in CSC by OCTA was higher than that by FFA [odds ratio( OR)=3.99, 95% confidence interval( CI): 1.44-11.07, P<0.001].Studies with sample size >40 showed no heterogeneity ( I2=49%, P=0.14), suggesting that sample size might be a source of heterogeneity.Publication bias was found by funnel plot. Conclusions:OCTA has a higher detection rate of CNV secondary to CSC than FFA, and it can be used as a routine inspection method.
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Objective:To detect the changes of serum complement factors C3 and C4 in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients, and to explore their role in the occurrence and development of DR.Methods:A cases-controlled study was carried out.Total of 195 patients with DR diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from December 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the DR group, 150 patients with type 2 diabetes were included as the diabetes group, and 281 simple age-related cataract or strabismus patients were collected at the same time and served as control group.Fasting venous blood was collected and serum was isolated.The concentration of C3 and C4 in serum was determined by immunoturbidimetry.The contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined by rate method, and the contents of total cholesterol and triglyceride were determined by enzyme method.Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between serum complement factors and clinical parameters.Stepwise regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of complement factor C3 and C4 expression.This study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethical Committee Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University(No.2016-81500711).Results:The concentration of serum complement factor C3 in the diabetes group was (1 154.0±177.4)mg/L, which was significantly higher than (1 077.3±177.0)mg/L in the DR group and (1 072.0±184.3)mg/L in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05); The concentration of serum complement factor C4 in the DR group was (287.5±83.5)mg/L, which was significantly higher than (257.5±70.1)mg/L in the diabetes group and (263.7±77.2)mg/L in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that the expression level of complement factor C3 was weakly positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglyceride in the diabetes and DR groups (diabetes group: r=0.250, P<0.05; r=0.205, P<0.05.DR group: r=0.308, P<0.01; r=0.213, P<0.01); The expression level of complement factor C4 was weakly positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglyceride in the DR group ( r=0.235, P=0.002; r=0.247, P=0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that total cholesterol and triglyceride were the influencing factors of serum C3 and C4 expression in the DR group. Conclusions:Complement factors may participate in the pathological process of DR and serum complement factors C3 and C4 are affected by serum total cholesterol and triglyceride in DR patients.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between hemodynamic changes in cervical and retrobulbar vessels and asymmetric diabetic retinopathy.Methods Color Doppler imaging(CDI) was used to quantitate diameter(D),peak systolic velocity(PSV),end diastolic velocity(EDV) and resistance index of the common carotid artery(CCA),the internal carotid artery(ICA),the ophthalmic artery(OA) and the central retinal artery(CRA),to quantitate diameter,velocity of central retinal vein(CRV),and to check carotid atherosclerosis in 12 patients with asymmetric diabetic retinopathy.Results The detection-rate of CCA and ICA atherosclerosis plaques was significantly increased in backgroud DR(41.7%)compared with that in proliferation DR(66.7%).There was a significant decrease in both PSV and EDV in OA in background diabetic retinopathy(BDR)(20.02±5.32 cm/s,5.26±2.15 cm/s) compared with PDR(27.23±12.20 cm/s,6.23±2.67 cm/s,P<0.05).There was a significant decrease in both PSV and EDV in CRA in BDR(6.44±1.78 cm/s,2.03±1.49 cm/s) compared with PDR(8.41±2.05 cm/s,2.66±0.67 cm/s,P<0.01).Conclusion The imbalance of perfusion in two eyes in diabetic patients might be one of the causes resulting in the asymmetric diabetic retinopathy