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The geriatrics department of Zhongnan Hospital covers all subspecialties of internal medicine with six separated wards, so it is difficult to manage and teach the students who participate in standardized training for resident physicians. In the residents' standardized training of geriatrics department, the interactive support platform named micro-teaching assistant was applied to carry out teaching activities such as classroom check-in, classroom testing and classroom discussion of teaching rounds and small lectures. It not only effectively manages the teaching order, but also improves students' enthusiasm and autonomy by encouraging them to participate in classroom interaction actively. The case analysis quiz and interactive discussion have a good effect on consolidating and deepening the students' professional knowledge, and improving the ability of clinical analysis and problem solving. The attendance rates, class discussion and test scores were recorded in a real and objective way, so that teachers can observe the whole process of students' learning and then make a formative assessment. At the same time, teachers are urged to adjust the teaching contents and progress in time, so as to achieve the goal of promoting "teaching" and "learning" mutually.
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No abstract available.
Assuntos
Bebidas , Constipação Intestinal , Microbioma GastrointestinalRESUMO
Objective To investigate the correlation between genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in Hubei Han population. Methods Genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 of 270 patients with UC (UC group) who were admitted to the Zhongnan Hospital, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Tongji Hospital and Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from August 2002 to December 2009 and 623 healthy people ( control group) were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction. All UC patients were allocated to distal UC group (n= 229) and extensive UC group (n =41 ) according to the location of the lesions; and all UC patients were also allocated to mild-moderate group (n = 237) and severe group (n = 33 ). The genetic polymorphisms of GSTP1 of these patients and healthy people were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The genotypes of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 were also detected. GSTM1 and GSTT1 containing small DNA segments ( 157 bp and 480 bp) were defined as GSTM1 (+) and GSTT1 (+), otherwise, GSTM(-) and GSTT1 (-), respectively. All data were analyzed by chisquare test. Results The frequencies of GSTM1(-), GSTT1(-) and GSTP1 (Val/Val) were 70.7% (191/270),64.8% (175/270) and 48.9% (132/270) in the UC group, and 41.7% (260/623), 47.2% ( 294/623 ) and 34.3% (214/623) in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (x2 = 63. 404,22. 320, 25. 384, P ＜0.05 ). The frequencies of GSTT1 (-) and GSTP1 (Val/Val) were 71.6% (164/229) and 57.6% (132/229) in the distal UC group, which were significantly higher than 31.7% (13/41) and 29.3%( 12/41 ) in the extensive UC group ( x2 = 24.528, 9.609, P ＜ 0.05 ). The frequencies of GSTM1 (-) were 65.1%(149/229) in the distal UC group and 56.1% (23/41) in the extensive UC group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( x2 = 1. 210, P ＞ 0.05 ). The frequencies of GSTT1 (-) and GSTP1 ( Val/Val ) were 71.6%(164/229), 31.7% ( 13/41 ) in the distal UC group and 57.6% ( 132/229), 29.3% ( 12/41 ) in the extensive UC group, with a significant difference between the two groups ( x2 = 24. 528, 9. 609, P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no significant difference in the frequencies of GSTM1 (-), GSTT1 (-), GSTP1 (Val/Val) in the mild-moderate group and the severe group( x2 = 0. 623, 1. 884, 3. 403, P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Variant genotypes of GSTs are significantly correlated with UC in Hubei Han population. The severity of UC may not be correlated with variant genotypes of GSTs.
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The paper analyzes the age structure, educational background, occupation, income, migration and other sociological features of migrant workers in cities in present China and discusses the general health status of the group, including the incidence and spread of contagious diseases, workplace accidents and occupational hazards, reproductive and psychological health, and social adaptation. It also puts forward policy suggestions for improving the health status of migrant workers and raising their health level from the perspectives of perfecting the social security system, giving expression to impartial health services, showing concern for the health status of vulnerable populations, enhancing health education and promoting health.