Research progress of natural product evodiamine-based antitumor drug design strategies / 药学学报

Natural products are important sources for the discovery of anti-tumor drugs. Evodiamine is the main alkaloid component of the traditional Chinese herb Wu-Chu-Yu, and it has weak antitumor activity. In recent years, a number of highly active antitumor candidates have been discovered with a significant progress. This article reviews the research progress of evodiamine-based antitumor drug design strategies, in order to provide reference for the development of new drugs with natural products as leads.

Mediation of achievement goal orientation in the association between learning stress and sleep quality among middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the associations among achievement goal orientation, learning stress and sleep quality among middle school students.@*Methods@#A total of 5 781 students were recruited from 14 middle schools in Guangzhou by a stratified cluster random sampling method. These students were investigated with learning stressors (SSA), achievement goal orientation (ADG), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).@*Results@#The mean score of four aspects of achievement goal orientation was as follows: performance approach (25.98±6.76), performance avoidance (15.52±4.12), mastery approach (25.87±6.77), mastery avoidance (15.19±4.12). The average score of learning stress and sleep quality was (149.53±42.46) and (6.45±2.86), respectively. Performance approach, mastery avoidance and performance avoidance positively associated with learning stress and sleep quality(r=0.12-0.53, P<0.01). Mastery approach was negatively correlated with learning stress and sleep quality (r=-0.14-0.22, P<0.01). Four types of achievement goal orientation both had a direct effect on sleep quality. Performance avoidance and mastery approach indirectly affected sleep quality through learning stress.@*Conclusion@#Achievement goal orientation of middle school students closely relates to learning stress and sleep quality; performance avoidance and mastery approach indirectly affects sleep quality through learning stress. Positive achievement goal orientation helps to reduce learning stress, which would lead to sleep quality improvement among middle school students.

Processing Methods of Censored Cost Data in Pharmacoeconomics Evaluation / 中国卫生经济

It introduced the types of censored cost data in pharmacoeconomics evaluation,and summarized the methods of recognizing and processing data to provide methodological references for the course of managing censored cost data while implementing pharmacoeconomics evaluation.

Clinical analysis of 13 patients with primary bone lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the clinical featuers, prognositic factors and treatment outcomes of primary bone lymphoma(PBL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 13 patients with PBL in our hospital from 2005 to 2014 were analysed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median age of these patients was 40 (25-71) years old, ostealgia was the initial symptom(100%). The main histologic type was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (11/13, 84.6%), and among other 2 cases 1 case was anaplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL) and other 1 case was B lymphoblastic lymphoma. All 13 cases were treated with chemotherapy, 6 cases got complete remission(46.2%) and 7 cases got partial remission(53.8%). There was no statistical relation of age, sex, stage, β2-MG level, LDH level, pathological type and the application of rituximab with the complete remission rate (P>0.05). After the median follow up of 12 (3-72) months, 3 cases died of diease progression and 6 cases maintained in complete remission, the median progression-free survival was 13 (2-72) months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The most common histologic type is DLBCL, its main treatment method is the combined chemical therapy, but the role of rituximab in treatment is not clear, thus larger clinical trial is necessary.</p>

Clinical analysis of 36 cases of esophageal mucoepidermoid carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To review the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of esophageal mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 36 patients with pathologically confirmed esophageal MEC who received surgical treatment in Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from Jan 1991 to Jun 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 4253 patients diagnosed as esophageal cancer during the same time in our center, only 36 had esophageal MEC, accounted for 0.8%. This group included 27 men and 9 women ranging in age from 40 to 78 years (median 58 years). Esophageal MEC showed similar clinical symptoms, radiological and endoscopic features to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Of the 20 cases who received preoperatively endoscopic biopsy, 18 were misdiagnosed as ESCC and 2 were misdiagnosed as esophageal adenosquamous carcinoma. The mean follow-up duration of this series was 38.8 months (3-142 months). 22 patients died of the disease during the follow-up period, 12 were still alive and 2 were lost of follow-up. The median survival time (MST) of the 36 patients was 29.0 months, and the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates (OS) were 80.6%, 57.1%, 34.4%, 25.8%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Esophageal MEC is a rare disease and prone to be misdiagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. Surgical resection is the primary treatment but the prognosis is poor.</p>

Self-ligating vs. conventional brackets in the treatment of patients with Class II division 2 malocclusion: a clinical trial of dental and cephalometric analysis / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the dental and skeletal changes in patients with Class II division 2 malocclusion treated with self-ligating and conventional bracket systems.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty patients with Class II division 2 malocclusion were treated non-extraction. Half of them were treated with self-ligating brackets and the others were treated with conventional brackets. The dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiophotographs were analyzed before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant increase in inter premolar widths, arch lengths, U1-NA, L1-MP and arch perimeters were noted after orthodontic treatment in both groups. Statistically greater increase in upper inter-first premolar [(4.45 ± 2.60) mm] was found in self-ligating group than in conventional group [(2.41 ± 2.74) mm, P < 0.05]. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the increase in arch length and arch width contributed to the increase in arch perimeter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were an overall increase in arch widths and lengths in patients treated with self-ligating and conventional bracktets. However, more arch width increase was found in self-ligating group than in conventional group.</p>

Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of 110 cases with primary gastrointestinal tract non-Hodgkin's lymphoma / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the pathologic types, prognostic factors and effective treatment of PGI-NHL.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 110 PGI-NHL patients were analyzed retrospectively, and so did prognostic factors and each treatment outcome.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 110 patients, the male-female ratio was 1.56:1 with a median age of 58.5 years. Stomach was the most common site and small intestine was the second. The main histological subtypes were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) NHL. Among the 75 patients followed up, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 62%, the median survival time was 36 months. Univariate analysis showed a similar prognosis between PG-NHL and primary bowel NHL (P > 0.05), and PGI-MALT had better prognosis than PGI-DLBCL. Among PGI-DLBCL, the ratio of germinal center (GC) sub-type to non-GC was 1:2.82. Among three main treatments, chemotherapy combined with surgery had the lowest mortality rate, compared with each alone. Disease progress mortality was 51.7% of overall mortality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The percent of non-GC in PGI-DLBCL is higher than that of in non PGI-NHL. The 5-year OS rate is lower than the 5-year OS rate of DLBCL. Combined chemotherapy is the first line treatment. Surgery is important in the control of the complications of GI tract. Maintenance treatment is important even in those who had systemic treatments.</p>

Changes of pathogens for nosocomial infection of patients with hematological diseases / 中国实验血液学杂志

In order to investigate the distribution of nosocomial infection in patients with hematological diseases in our hospital, and to explore the changes of the pathogens isolated. The method of retrospective investigation and analysis was employed. 1164 strain pathogens were isolated from the patients with hematological diseases during the period of 1997-2009. The results showed that the Gram-positive cocci infection increased gradually during the 13 years, but has been stable in the last 4 years. The Gram-negative bacteria showed a trend decrease. The fungi increased during these years. The rates of infection with gram-positive cocci, gram-negative bacteria and fungus were 28.2%, 59.8% and 12.0% respectively. For the details, Escherichia coli infection rate was the highest: 12.1%, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%), Enterobacter (8.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.4%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (6.3%) and Enterococci (6.6%). The distribution of G(+)- and G⁻ pathogens showed obvious change on end of 1990's and beginning of this century, but it was tending towards stability on recent years; the incidence of fungus was tending towards increase, which was related to wide application of strong broad-spectrum antibiotics. In conclusion, the patients with hematological diseases, as the high-risk group of nosocomial infection, should be monitored strictly. Infection is related to many factors, and the main factor is dysfunction of autoimmunity. The strategies should be explored to strengthen the immune protection and set up a reasonable scheme of antibiotics.

Qianlie Jiedu capsule combined with rufloxacin for chronic prostatitis: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Few double-blind controlled trials have been reported on Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of chronic prostatitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Qianlie Jiedu Capsule for chronic prostatitis (CP) by the randomized double-blind controlled method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty CP patients were equally randomized into an experimental and a control group, the former treated with Qianlie Jiedu Capsule + Rufloxacin, and the latter given placebo + Rufloxacin, both for 4 weeks. All the patients were evaluated by NIH-CPSI and EPS examination before and after the medication.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 4-week treatment, the total score of NIH-CPSI and the scores of pain, voiding symptoms and quality of life were significantly decreased in both groups compared with the baseline (P < 0.05), so did the leukocyte count in EPS (P < 0.05). And the experimental group showed significant drops in the above scores as compared with the control (P < 0.05), except in the leukocyte count in EPS (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Qianlie Jiedu Capsule combined with Rufloxacin is highly effective for CP by relieving pain and voiding symptoms,decreasing the leukocyte count in EPS and improving the life quality of the patients.</p>

Changes of seminal parameters, zinc concentration and antibacterial activity in patients with non-inflammatory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the seminal parameters, zinc concentration and antibacterial activity in patients with non- inflammatory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seminal parameters, zinc concentration and antibacterial activity of seminal plasma were detected in 60 CP/CPPS patients and 20 normal men.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statistically significant differences were found in the duration of semen liquefaction, sperm vitality, sperm motility, zinc concentration and antibacterial activity of the seminal plasma between the CP/CPPS and the control males ( P < 0.01). Zinc concentration was significantly correlated with the duration of sperm motility (r = 0. 272, P = 0.015) and antibacterial activity of the seminal plasma (r = 0.449, P < 0.01) in the CP/CPPS patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CP/CPPS has a significant negative impact on semen liquefaction, sperm motility and vitality, zinc concentration and antibacterial activity of seminal plasma. The antibacterial activity of seminal plasma is positively correlated with zinc concentration and sperm motility.</p>

Modification and identification of a vector for making a large phage antibody library / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The large phage antibody library is used to obtain high-affinity human antibody, and the Loxp/cre site-specific recombination system is a potential method for constructing a large phage antibody library. In the present study, a phage antibody library vector pDF was reconstructed to construct diabody more quickly and conveniently without injury to homologous recombination and the expression function of the vector and thus to integrate construction of the large phage antibody library with the preparation of diabodies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>scFv was obtained by overlap polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with the newly designed VL and VH extension primers. loxp511 was flanked by VL and VH and the endonuclease ACC III encoding sequences were introduced on both sides of loxp511. scFv was cloned into the vector pDF to obtain the vector pDscFv. The vector expression function was identified and the feasibility of diabody preparation was evaluated. A large phage antibody library was constructed in pDscFv. Several antigens were used to screen the antibody library and the quality of the antibody library was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The phage antibody library expression vector pDscFv was successfully constructed and confirmed to express functional scFv. The large phage antibody library constructed using this vector was of high diversity. Screening of the library on 6 antigens confirmed the generation of specific antibodies to these antigens. Two antibodies were subjected to enzymatic digestion and were prepared into diabody with functional expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The reconstructed vector pDscFv retains its recombination capability and expression function and can be used to construct large phage antibody libraries. It can be used as a convenient and quick method for preparing diabodies after simple enzymatic digestion, which facilitates clinical trials and application of antibody therapy.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents of in herb Pyrola calliatha / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents of Pyrola calliatha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods. The structures were identified by spectral data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ten compounds were isolated and identified as chimaphilin (1), uvaol(2), ursolic acid (3), 2beta,3beta,23-trihydroxy-12-ene-28-ursolic acid (4), daucosterol (5), 2alpha,3beta,23,24-tetrahydroxy-12-ene-28-ursolic acid (6), emodin (7), gallic acid (8), monotropein (9), adenosine (10).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 2,4,6,7,10 were obtained from this genus for the first time, compounds 5, 9 were obtained from this species for the first time. Antifungal activity of compounds 1-4, 6-9 were evaluated. Compound 1 showed the strong activity.</p>

Using recombinant antigens of Hantavirus to study the kinetics of serum IgA, IgG, IgM antibodies in the acute-phase of hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To observe the features of serum specific IgA, IgG, IgM antibodies in the acute phase of hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome (HFRS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nucleocapsid (NP) protein and glycoproteins (GP) of Hantavirus were expressed by recombinant baculovirus, and used as ELISA antigens to test 61 serial sera of 14 acute phase HFRS patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seoul like virus RNA were detected from 11 of 14 patients. An early and strong IgA, IgG and IgM antibody response to recombinant NP (rNP) was observed in almost all HFRS cases. The titers of antibody to rNP was apparently higher than that to Rgp. In the early stage, titer of IgG antibody elevated most drastically among all the three classes of antibodies to rNP, followed by IgM and IgA antibody responses. The elevation trend of IgM and IgA antibodies to rNP stayed nearly at the same level, but the IgA titers to rNP were apparently higher than that of IgM. Among the antibodies to rGP, IgA changed distinctly greater than IgG. The elevation trend of IgM could be found during first week after the onset, and the titers dropped gradually after the second week. IgM antibodies of one case who was viral RNA positive were not detected at early stage, but IgA titers were high. The only severe case of the 14 patients kept the lower IgA, IgG and IgM during the whole acute phase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HFRS patients kept an early and strong humoral response to NP and GPs in acute phase of HFRS.IgA could be used together with IgM to improve the diagnostic accuracy.</p>