Anomalous left anterior descending coronary artery arising from pulmonary artery in a 63 year?old male patient: case report and literature review

To present a case of a rare congenital coronary anomaly in an adult patient, which was not reported before in Palestine, review the literature, and compare with previously reported cases

Qualitative and quantitative detection of Aflatoxin-M1 residues in white soft cheese

A total of 50 random samples of locally manufactured Egyptian soft cheese including [25 each of Damietta and fresh kariesh cheese] were collected from different markets and shopkeepers at Mansoura city, Egypt. Each sample was divided under complete hygienic measures with a clean sterile, knife into two parts; the first part was prepared for estimation of by qualitative lateral flow test [strip test] and the second one was subjected to quantitative estimation of by [Immune Affinity Column with Flurometric Assay]. The qualitative value for detection of Aflatoxine M1 revealed that 8[32%] and 12 [48%] of kareish and Damietta cheese were contaminated with Aflatoxin M1 respectively. Concerning the concentration of Aflatoxin M1 in examined fresh Kariesh cheese and Damietta cheese samples for the minimum was 1.95 and 1.54, the maximum were 6, 11 and 14.73 with a mean value 3.6 and 6.7 ppb, respectively. It had been emphasized that all results of this study exceeded the Egyptian regulations, European commission [EC] regulations and US regulations which recommend that cheese sample must be free from Aflatoxin M1, do not exceed 250 ng/L, and do not exceed 5 micro g/kg in milk, respectively. It was concluded that the qualitative method of detection of mycotoxin has great benefit in minimizing cost of regulations and monitoring and give a chance to easily set regulation for quality control. Also, quantitative methods with highly detectable limits give accurate results to estimate the level of impact

Ruptured infected pseudoaneurysm of the left radial artery: a rare complication of arterial cannulation

The placement and maintenance of an arterial catheter is common in critically ill patients. Among uncommon complications of radial artery cannulation is ruptured pseudoaneurysm which may lead to considerable morbidity. Local infection and arteriosclerosis are the possible etiology factors of pseudoaneurysm. Those patients with persistent local skin infection for more than 24 hours despite antibiotic treatment or after removal of the catheter have a higher risk of pseudoaneurysm rupture. We report a rare case of ruptured, infected pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery in a ventilated old lady. The clinical presentation, and it management, along with a review of the literature are presented

Potential of using unconventional animal protein ingredients to replace fish meal in Nile tilapia diets

The study was performed to evaluate the partial replacement of fish meal by unconventional animal protein ingredients; feather meal [FM] and/or rabbit manure [RM] in Nile tilapia diets. Fish were fed for 15 weeks on six isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets. The control group diet contained fish meal, whereas the other five groups received diets in which fish meal was partially replaced by incorporation of [7.5-15%] FM or [7.5-15%] RM or [7.5 and 7.5%] FM and RM respectively. Incorporation of FM at both levels [7.5-15%] in Nile tilapia diets decreased body weight gain, feed intake and reduced the digestibility of DM and CP. RM at levels of [7.5-15]% increased fish body weight gain, feed intake, protein intake and improved digestibility of DM and CP. Feed conversion ratio [FCR], specific growth rate [SGR], protein intake and protein efficiency ratio [PER] were decreased by incorporation of 7.5% FM in fish diet. Meanwhile 7.5% RM resulted in an increase of FCR and improve PCR, while 15% RM increased SGR. A combination of 7.5% FM and 7.5%RM achieved' best DM and CP retention and highest CP content in body composition. The lowest nutrient retention, CP content of fish body and dressing% were recorded in groups fed FM containing diets. Conclusively, the present results suggested that FM and RM could be included safely in Nile tilapia diets to reduce feed cost. Partial replacement of fish meal by incorporation of RM in the diet of Nile tilapia achieved the best growth performance

Impact of fish meal replacement by uncounentional ingradients on performance of Nile telepia

The effect of partial or total replacing fish meal with dried rumen content [RC] and or Azolla meal [AM] in diets of Nile tilapia of initial weight [7.35g +/- 0.23] was investigated in 12-week experiment. Eight experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Beside the basal diet, each of RC and AM were incorporated at levels of 5, 10 and 15%. A combination of 5% RC and 5% AM [RC-AM] was served to replace 10% fish meal. The control group achieved the significant highest final body weight gain, protein efficiency and food conversion ratio followed by the group fed 10% RC. Azolla incorporation failed to improve any of the performance parameters. The group fed 15% AM was the worth regarding performance parameters, CP and EE retention of final body composition and dietary CP digestibility. The group fed a combination of 5% RC and 5% AM sustained intermediate pattern among treated groups with improved in FCR [4.05]. The results indicate some benefits from replacing dietary 10% fish meal with either 10% RC or a combination of RC-AM on Nile tilapia performance as well as reducing feed cost

Doxazosin as a treatment of erectile dysfunction: Double blind placebo controlled study

To evaluate the therapeutic value of doxazosin mesylate salt tables in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, a double blind placebo controlled study was done on 60 married male patients suffering from erectile dysfunction [ED]. Patients received daily either doxazosin or placebo for 6 weeks. Change in sexual function was assessed by using international Index of erectile function [IIEF,]. Significant statistical improvements were detected regarding erectile function [23.3% of patients] orgasmic function [13.3% of patients], and all over satisfaction [26.6%]. Effect of doxazosin on these three sexual domains appeared to be not dependant on its effect on relieving lower urinary symptoms [LUTS], as it significantly improves erectile function, orgasmic function and over all satisfaction in both drug [LUTS] and non [LUTS] subgroups compared by placebo [LUTS] and non [LUTS] subgroups

Evaluation of multiple transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies of the prostate for the detection of prostate cancer

To evaluate different regimens used in transrectal [TRUS] guided biopsy and to identify the optimal [TRUS] biopsy regimen, a prospective study included 80 consequent men undergoing biopsy either because of an elevated PSA> 4 ng/ml and/or abnormal digital rectal examination. Biopsies yielded 34 patients with prostate cancer giving a positive biopsy rate of 42.5%. Traditional sextant biopsy diagnosed 30 patients [88.2%]out of 34 patients with prostate cancer, while laterally directed biopsies detected 32patients [94%]. Positive transitional biopsy was positive in only two patients. No single case of prostate cancer was diagnosed only by transitional zone biopsies. The highest detection rate among traditional sextant biopsy sites were at the apex [88%] while the lowest were at the base [67.4%]. None of patients developed major complications. A sextant biopsy, far laterally oriented, regimen is the optimum transrectal biopsy regimen for detection of prostate cancer

Doxazosin as a treatment of erectile dysfunction: double blind placebo controlled study

To evaluate the therapeutic value of doxazosin mesylate salt tablets in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, a double blind placebo controlled study was done on 60 married male patients suffering from erectile dysfunction [ED]. Patients received daily either doxazosin or placebo for 6 weeks. Changes in sexual function was assessed by using international Index of erectile function [IIEF]. Significant statistical improvements were detected regarding erectile function [23.3% of patients] orgasmic function [13.3% of patients], and all over satisfaction [26.6%]. Effect of doxazosin on these three sexual domains appeared to be not dependant on it's effect on relieving lower urinary symptoms [LUTS], as it significantly improves erectile function, orgasmic function and over all satisfaction in both drug [LUTS] and non [LUTS] subgroups compared by placebo [LUTS] and non [LUTS] subgroups

Comparative evaluation of four different HIV antibodies detection techniques in aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

After the first case of human immunodeficiency virus infection [HIV] was officially reported in Nigeria in 1986, several screening centres were set up and several HIV screening Kits were also available in Nigerian market. In our centre, five different types of HIV screening Kits were used between 1997 and 2000. These Kits are Determine[R], Insta[R], Capillus[R], Genie II[R] and Immunocomb II[R] techniques. The latter was always used as second technique before confirthation. The need to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of these Kits became necessary due to discrepancies in the result recorded. Out of 1286 tests performed using Determine[R] Kit 33 [16.8%] false positive results were observed. Similarly, 2 [2.47%] false positive results were observed out of 732 tests using Insta[R]. No false positive results were observed for Capillus[R] and Genie II[R], out of 1012 and 370 tests, respectively, performed using these Kits. It is suggested that a lot of field trials be done in Africa before new Kits are allowed for use

Human fasciolosis: a study on the relation of infection intensity and treatment to hepatobiliary affection

Seventeen patients with established fasciolosis and ten normal controls were enrolled in this study. The fasciola patients were divided according to infection intensity into two groups [four patients with high intensity and thirteen patients with low intensity] as assessed by egg counts coupled with ultrasonography for detecting worms in the biliary system. Aspartate and alanine aminotransferases [AST and ALT] levels were similar to those of the controls within the accepted normal limits before and after treatment, denoting the absence of hepatocellular injury. Total serum bile acids, individual bile acids [cholic acid [CA] and chenodeoxycholic acid [CDCA], gamma glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT] and serum alkaline phosphatase [SAP]] were significantly higher among all patients as compared to controls, denoting a degree of cholestatic lesion in those patients. Patients with high infection intensity revealed higher parameters than those with low intensity, the difference was not significant. One month after treatment, there was a significant improvement in the cholestasis indicating parameters in all fasciola cases compared to the pretreatment ones. This indicated the effective role of the drug on the hepatobiliary function. However, the levels were still different from the controls. In fasciola infection, total and individual serum bile acids in conjunction with GGT and SAP evaluated the hepatobiliary status and detected any minor abnormalities, especially in anicteric subjects

Pattern of serum bile acids in patients with hepatic fascioliasis

The study included 20 patients with established Fasciola infection and 10 normal healthy control subjects. Total serum bile acids and the individual bile acids; cholic acid [CA], chenodeoxycholic acid [CDCA] and deoxycholic acid [DCA] were estimated using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Total serum bile acids, CA levels and their percentage from the total were significantly increased in thefasciola group than in the controls. There was also a significant decrease in the percentage of DCA from the total bile acids as well as its ratio to CA. This decrease might be due to the absence of DCA in some fasciola patients [55%] and to the significant increase in CA which favours more a cholestatic lesion in such patients. All the results of liver function tests were within the accepted normal limits. It could be concluded that, in cases of fascioliasis in the absence of abnormalities in the usual liver function tests especially in anicteric subjects, evaluation of total serum bile acids, CA, DCA levels and the ratio DCA/CA should be considered to demonstrate any minor abnormalities in hepatobiliary system

Bacterial isolates and efficacy of antibiotics in acute otitis media in children

This research was done for study of bacterial isolates and efficacy of the antibiotics, amoxicillin, calvulanate amoxicillin and cefaclor, in AOM in children. 148 children with AOM were randomly assigned to receive a 10 day course of either treatment regimen. Aspiration of middle ear fluid for culture was done initially and repeated during treatment if fluid persisted. Bacterial isolates in initial aspirates were S. pneumonia [42%], H. influenzae[34%], S. pyogenes [9%], B. catarrhalis[6%], Staph. Aureus [5%] and nonpathogens [7%]. Isolated main strains were susceptible to the study antibiotics except 24% of isolates of H. influenzae, 67% of B. catarrhalis and 71% of Staph. Aureus were resistant to amoxicillin. Clinical responses were assessed at 3 and 10 days and 4 weeks later. On day 10 patients were either cured or unresolved with either drainage or persistent effusion. The cure rates were 71% for amoxicillin, 88% for clavulanate amoxicillin and 81% for cefaclor. However, the differences are not statistically significant. Recurrences during 4 weeks after treatment occurred in 15 children, 7 in amoxicillin, 3 antibiotics. While, in those with H. influenzae, cure rates were 60% for amoxicillin and 76% for cefaclor. Favorable clinical results were obtained with clavulanate amoxicillin and cefaclor as compared with amoxicillin, mainly in cases with H, Influenzae, B. catarrhalis and Staph. Aureus. This relates to amoxicillin resistant strains. Therefore, it would be prudent to consider them in the event of treatment failure and persistent effusion after amoxyclillin treatment or as initial therapy

Antibiotic concentrations in middle ear effusions

Concentrations of amoxicillin, clavulanate amoxicillin and cefaclor, were determined in middle ear fluid in 106 children with otitis media with effusion after the administration of single oral dose. One to four hours after administration, tympanocentesis was done and middle ear fluid and venous blood specimens were obtained. Concentrations of antibiotic in both specimens were determined with microbiological assays by disk diffusion method. The peak concentrations of amoxicillin and clavulanate amoxicillin in middle ear fluid were detected three hours after administration and one hour after their peak in serum, while that of cefaclor was detected after one hour and simultaneously with its peak in serum. Both clavulanate amoxicillin and cefaclor penetrated readily into middle ear fluid in concentrations greater than minimal inhibitory concentration for S. pneumonia, amoxicillin sensitive and resistant H. influenzae and S. pyogenes. Amoxycillin penetrated in concentrations greater than MICS for these pathogens except for resistant H. influenzae. So clavulanate amoxicillin or cefaclor can be considered either as reasonazble choice to amoxicillin for treatment of acute otitis media or as alternative antibiotics for treatment failure with amoxicillin due to resistant strains of H. influenzae

Effects of diets experimentally molded with penicillium and fusarium species on the performance, carcass characteristics and body composition of broiler chickens

Sixty feed samples were collected from commercial sources and subjected to mycological examination. The isolated fungi were: Penicillium [P] citrinum and P. viridicatum; Fusarium [F] solane, F. tricinctum, F. fusaroides, Yeast species, Asperigillus flavus, Asp. niger, Asp. fumigatus, Asp. parasiticus, Mucor, and Rhizopus. The effects of diets experimentally molded with Penicillium citrinum, Fusarium solane at levels that could be encountered in broiler diets under field conditions were investigated in Lohmann broiler chickens. Forty eight day-old chicks were randomly divided into 6 equal groups. Each group of chicks received one out of 6 different diets during the starting and finishing periods as follows: 1] nonautoclaved diet 2] non-autoclaved + Penicillium citrinum. [P] 3] nonautoclaved + Fusarium solane [F] 4] autoclaved 5] autoclaved + P. citrinum. 6] autoclaved + F. solane. P. and F organisms were inoculated in diets at a conctration of 10[3] org.s/g of diet. The measured parameters comprised body weight development, food conversion ratio, mortalities, dressed carcass, meat and edible organs [liver, gizzard, kidney, heart, spleen] weights of live-weight percentage, proximate chemical composition of both whole [intact] chicken and dressed chicken carcasses in different group. Feeding of P-and F-molded diets resulted in a marked decrease in the finishing body weight of chickens with the greatest depressing effect recorded in chickens fed on P-molded diets. Poor food conversion ratio was exhibited by groups of chickens fed either P-or F-molded diets. Autoclaving of diets did resultin decrease of growth rate and food utilization of chickens. Only 1 and 2 chickens died in groups 1 and 2 respectively. Slight numerical differences were detected between the dressed carcass and meat weight of live weight percentages of various groups. Gizzard, liver and kidney weights of live weight percentage were greater in chicken groups fed P- or F-molded diets compared to the controls

Performance of growing rabbits fed on diets containing corn or barley grains with or without addition of kemzyme

Twenty-eight California growing rabbits were divided into four equal groups and assigned, respectively, to four balanced experimental diets. Diets 1 and 2 contained corn grains as a single cereal without and with addition of Kemzyme preparation [0.05%], respectively. In diets 3 and 4, barley grains replaced corn without and with addition of Kemzyme [0.05%], respectively. All diets were fed ad libitum for 18 weeks. The results indicated that incorporation of barley instead of corn grains in growing rabbit diets is of advantage through improving growth rate, food/gain ratio and reduction of fat deposition in the rabbit carcass. Addition of Kemzyme [0.05%] to the used diets had an additional beneficial effect on the tested parameters. From the economic, nutritional and physiological st and points, it can be safely concluded that barley grain is suitable for rabbits than corn

Effect of partial and complete replacement of fish meal by feather meal in diets on the performance and body composition of tilapia nilotica [oreochromis niloticus]

The purpose of the work was to find out the most suitable inclusion rate for feather meal in economical practical diets for Tilapia nilotica. Sixty-nine T. nilotica of nearly similar weight [ca. 25 g] were divided in five glass aquaria and fed on five different diets containing constant percentages of wheat bran [45%] and layer ration [15%], but varying percentages of fish meal, and feather meals as follows: 40: 0, 30: 10, 20: 20, 10: 30 and 0: 40 for aquaria I, II, III, IV and V, respectively. The experiment was terminated after 18 weeks

Kemzyme and laying hen performance

An experiment was conducted using 120 brown Shaver laying hens to determine if an enzyme preparation "Kemzyme" would improve laying hen performance. Kemzyme was added at 0, 0.05 and 0.1% levels to a basal layer diet composed of corn, soybean meal, wheat bran, concentrate and limestone. The experimental diets were fed at a rate of 110 g/hen/day during five 28-day periods. Addition of Kemzyme at 0.05% level improved egg number and egg mass without affecting egg weight. The higher level of Kemzyme [0.1%] did not prove to be of additional benefit in supporting egg production. No alteration was recorded in egg weight, egg height, shell thickness, yolk weight, albumen weight and shell ash% by either dietary levels of Kemzyme supplementation

Effect of different dietary protein levels and amino acid supplementation on performance and carcass composition of Lohmann Broiler chickens

A total of 325 day-old Lohmann broiler chicks were used in this study. The chicks were randomly divided into 13 equal groups, each of 25 chicks. It was planned that group 1 of chicks [controls], receive diets containing 22.9, 21.7 and 20% crude protein levels without amino acid supplementation during the starting, growing and finishing rearing periods. For the other groups, the dietary crude protein levels were reduced by 2 and 3% without or with L-lysine [0.05%] and /or DL-methionine [0.05%] supplementation during the same periods. Both feed and water were constantly available for 7 week-experimental period

Practical diets based on modified broiler starting ration for juvenile tilapia nilotica

Effects of substitution of fish meal by processed chicken feather meal in diets based on broiler starting ration at two environmental temperatures for juvenile Tilapia nilotica were investigated. Juvenile Tilapia nilotica [ca. 4 g body weight] were kept for 3- weeks adaptation period, after which they were cultured at the rate of 14, 12, 14, and 11 fishes in aquaria I, II, III and IV, respectively. The prepared diets were fed at a rate of 3% of the fish biomass and offered twice daily throughout an experimental period of 12 weeks. The highest average final fish weight was recorded in fishes of aquarium I [12.14 g] followed by those in aquarium IV [10.57 g], aquarium II [6.9 g] and finally aquarium III [6.8 g]. The food conversion ratio amounted to 1.8, 4.98, 5.05 and 2.6 for fishes in aquaria I, II, III and IV, respectively. Values of protein efficiency ratio were 1.77, 0.66, 0.67 and 1.13 for the respective aquaria. Proximate chemical analysis of fishes was not consistent and did not reveal appreciable differences between aquaria