[Relationship between social support and depression, anxiety in hemodialysis patients]

Introduction: Depression and anxiety are psychological problems in hemodialysis patients. It seems that social support can improve depression and anxiety in these patients. But the rate of this relationship has not been studied completely in dialysis population in Iran yet. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the relationship between social support and depression, and anxiety in hemodialysis patients of Mahabad Imam Khomeini's hospital

Method: This study was a descriptive- correlation study. All the 60 patients of Imam Khomeini's hospital in 2009 with chronic renal failure which were under hemodialysis treatment entered this study using available sampling considering elimination and acceptance standards. Data collecting instruments were the demographic questionnaire, the hospital anxiety and depression scale [HADS] [validity and reliability confirm by kaviani et al] and social support [validity and reliability confirm by zamanzadeh et al] questionnaire. After collecting questionnaires, data were analyzed using SPSS v.14. For data analyzing the researcher used descriptive statistics, Chi- square test, and correlation coefficient

Results: Findings indicated that 62% of patients had symptoms of depression and 46% had symptoms of anxiety within the abnormal limits [more than 11]. The highest suitable social support in emotional field was [%64] and the highest undesirable social support in instrumental field was [%72]. Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between social support and the rate of depression [P<0.05]. Spearman rank correlation showed a negative relationship [r=-%42]. There was also a meaningful and negative relationship between depression and social support [r=-%48, P<0.05]

Conclusion: Findings confirmed that the prevalence of depression and anxiety is high in hemodialysis patients and there is a significant relationship between social support and depression. It seems that regarded social support includes support in instrumental, emotional and information in nursing care can improve mental health in hemodialysis patients

satisfaction level of the patients from the non-medical Services in the inpatient wards of Mashhad Imam Khomeini Hospital

Patients' satisfaction is a significant factor to evaluate the health care quality. This study is aimed at determining the patients' satisfaction level from the non-medical services in the inpatient wards of the Imam Khomeini Hospital of Mahabad. This is a descriptive-analytical study. 96 patients, who were hospitalized for at least 48 hours, were chosen randomly and their satisfaction from the hygiene of the hospital environment, cleanliness of the sheets, the hospital beds, welfare facilities and nutrition were studied by questionnaires. The questionnaires contained closed questions and were completed by face to face interviews. The collected data was examined by descriptive-analytical statistics. The results show that the most satisfaction were with: the ease of access to the reception on the arrival at the hospital [98.4%], the guide signs [84.4%] and the least satisfaction was expressed with: the noise in the wards [33.3%], taste, quantity, type of the food and its being hot [29.2%], the number and condition of the restrooms [28.1%]. It seems that by raising public awareness and expectations in recent years and considering the results of this study, effective and immediate measures must be taken to eliminate the environmental problems in the hospitals. The hospital administrators must also have some plans for the food quality, noise and unannounced stopping by of the visitors

effect of staff training on knowledge; attitude and their performance about client respect program [CRP]

The rate of customer satisfaction is an important index for the governmental organizations efficiency. To achieve this goal, the client respect program [CRP] has been applied in the governmental organizations. This study is aimed to evaluate the influence of staff training on client satisfaction in the client respect program in the health centers of Mahabad city. This is a case control study. 60 employees [samples] have been selected randomly and their knowledge, attitude and performance [KAP] have been evaluated by a questionnaire. Evaluation was for work commitment and client respect. Then, the employees were divided randomly into groups of case and control and training was given for the case group. After one month, KAP of samples was re-evaluated. Results showed that KAP score of samples was weak in the pretest and there were no significant differences between work commitment and client respect. After the training [in post test,] specific changes in KAP score of trained group [cases] were seen in the trained group. It seems that design and performing client respect program training course is successful and seems necessary

Waste management status in selected hospitals of Boukan, Saghez, Mahabad and Miyando-ab

Hospitals are among important sources of waste materials in cities while some of these wastes are of active or potential danger. Lack of a comprehensive program for hospital wastes and appropriate execuation of it [in its all aspects like; separation, selection, collection, carrying out and repelling] would be harmful for health stuff, patients and society. Management of hospital waste in hospitals of Boukan, Mahabad, Miand-o ab and Saghez is discussed in this article. This is a descriptive and cross sectional research study, using check lists and direct observation [questionnaire, as well], performed in 1384. The general hospitals of Boukan, Mahabad, Miand-o ab and Saghez were studied. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Despite of original waste separation, we found separation is not complete and occasionally the waste was found as a mixture. Transportations route was by trolley and wheel-barrow in 75% and 25%, respectively. Half of the hospitals were equipped with waste burning systems, but their performances were not acceptable. A quarter of infectious wastes were burnt separately while 25% was transported to other hospitals for burning. None of hospitals have colding system for wastes. In 50% of hospitals wastes were buried with ordinary wastes [by municipality] and in other half they were dealt with separately. Repelling hosptials' wastes are of quite importance, regarding its; management, direct and contionus control, and supervision. Policy makers, Managers and related staffs should all be aware of its importance and pay proper attention to the related programs