[Quality of life in the patients with coronary bypass graft]

Coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] surgery is common in the between patients with Ischemic heart disease. It makes an improvement of quality of life in these patients. The aim was to investigate of the quality of life between patients with CABG. This research is a descriptive-analytic study which was done in the 126 persons with CABG in the hospitals related to Tehran University of Medical sciences. The sampling method was simple random type and the quality of life [Q O L] measured in 4 stages, the first in the beginning of the study and in 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Date gathering tools included3 questionnaire: the first for obtaining general information, second in regarded ill situation and third for measuring the QOL. Data were analyzed statistically by t-test, x[2], Fisher's exact test, Wilcox on Test and Friedman test with using SPSS V. 16. In the first one year follow up. The mean score of CABG group were 60.087, 56.373, 57.679 and 90.75. According to the findings of the study, the quality of life of patients with CABG was improved in one year duration. Results also showed that quality of life of these people before, three, six and twelve months after the operation was a significant difference [p<0.001]. Since the quality of life of patients three months after CABG is low and the treatment team need to teach their families and patients at this time backed to the emotional and physical

[Contamination of water resources in Ramsar]

Ramsar, a city in Mazandaran province, is located between Tonekabon and Chaboksar. It covers an area of about 30 Km[2]overlying alluvium and coastal deposits of Quaternary Period. Shallow depth of water table within the area increases the chance of contamination through seepage of waste water from septic wells and agriculture. We have examined 31 samples to determine the contamination of water resources in 2 stages. In laboratory, the concentration of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate, nitrate and nitrite ions have been measured. Wilcox and Schoeller diagrams led to classification of the water for drinking and agricultural purposes. Finally, plotting of isoion maps of pollutants defines contaminated areas of the city. With respect to Scholler diagrams, most of the wells in Ramsar could be classified as suitable water resources and are drinking water. However, rivers are non-drinking water resources due to contamination with seepage and waste water. Plotting of isoion maps of pollutants has clarified that water contamination is a matter of concern in Ramsar and seek further attention

[ survey on DMFT rate and its effective factors among 12-year old schoolchildren in Ardekan [2001]]

Background and aim: world Health Organization [WHO] and international federation of dentistry have considered the rate of DMFT at the age of 12 for permanent teeth in the year of 2000 and 2010 maximum as 3 and 1, respectively. The aim of this study was to assess DMFT status and factors affecting on it among 12-year-old children in Ardekan

Methods and Materials: in this observational, descriptive, functional study which was conducted cross-sectionaly, 607 samples [304 urban and 303 rural] were chosen randomly from guidance schools of Ardekan and its suburbs. In this investigation, the effects of different factors on DNFT such as accommodation status number of children, tool-h-brushing status were studied and the maximum effect was attributed to tooth brushing with a considerable decrease on DMFT. Data were subjected to t-test and Chi-Squre and compared by Variance analysis

Results: the rate and total standard deviation of DMFT in Ardekan was 1.453+: 1.5, that 1.6475 1.533 in the city and 1.479k1.372 in villages. Mean caries free people was 4176, in the city 40% and in village 42%. Mean decayed teeth [D] in the city and villages were 1.07 and 1.207, respectively. Mean extracted teeth in the city was 110% and that of villages was 46%. Mean filled teeth in the city and villages were 831% and 46%, respectively

Conclusion: average DMFT based on sex was 1.092 for females and 1.987 for males in the city and 1.453 for females and 1.293 for males in villages