Study on ultrastructure of cardioprotection of ramipril against ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effects of ramipril on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic rats, and to explore its mechanism according to the observation on myocardial ultrastructure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were divided randomly into three groups (n = 16): ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and ramipril (RAM) group. Rats in RAM group were administered by RAM(1 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) orally for 4 weeks, the others were administered by normal saline. Then all rats were subjected to myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury. Rats in IPC group were preconditioned before ischemia. The ECG and the infarct size were examined. The changes of myocardial morphology were examined by light and electron microscopes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with I/R group, the elevation of ST segment and the incidence of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation during ischemia were significantly decreased, the infarct size at the end of reperfusion was remarkably reduced, the myocardial morphology were significantly improved, special structure of myofilaments and mitochondria remained clearly, blood vessels were unobstructed, injury of endothelium were decreased in PC and RAM groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ramipril administered for 4 weeks induces myocardial protection in diabetic rats, which is similar to that of IPC. The mechanism may be involved in protection of cardiocytes and mitochondria, and improvement of endothelial function.</p>

Evaluation of midazolam intravenous sedated patient's comfort degree in mandibular third molar surgery / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of continuous low-flow intravenous infusion of midazolam sedation in mandibular third molar surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty healthy patients with symmetrically placed impacted bilateral mandibular third molars were included in this self controlled, randomized clinical study. Degree of comfort (their actual current anxiety level) was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain and anxiety. Patients' satisfaction and degree of amnesia were also evaluated. Vital signs and oxygen saturation were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Low dose midazolam sedation obviously increased the degree of patients' comfort and satisfaction. Vital signs and oxygen saturation levels did not differ significantly between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Midazolam as an intravenous sedation agent in mandibular third molar surgery showed satisfactory effect on patients with mild dental fear.</p>