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Objective To investigate self-management status of the DM patients,and to confirm scientifically the importance of emphasising diabetes education in the DM patients.Methods With the questionnaire on self-management status & the possessed degree of DM knowledge and the method of consulting the medical records,697 DM patients were investigated.Results There were about 47.20% of patients who did not take glycemic examination in one year.Awareness rates for the standards of blood lipids and the HbA_1C were 6.5% and 5.5% respectively.And the awareness rates for nutrition treatment principle and scientific mode of physical exercise were 30.3% and 21.8%,respectively.The prevalence of The DM complications was the highest in the cadre(29.52%) and the lowest in the peasants(3.59%).Conclusion The investigation revealed the self-management is imperfect and the DM knowledge in DM patients is insufficient.It should be accentuated for patients to take health education of DM knowledge and improve their level of self-management.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the regulative effect of opuntia powder on blood lipids in wistar rats and to explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Forty normal rats were divided into four groups:control group (fed with basal feed), opuntia high, middle and low dosage groups (fed with basal feed and opuntia powder of high, middle and low dosage. The influence of opuntia powder on serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), arteriosclerosis index (AI), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed. (2) All of the hyperlipemia wistar rats for experiments were divided into four groups: model control group and other three groups (high, middle, low dosage groups respectively). Three weeks later, samples of blood were taken for survey of levels of TC, TG HDL-C, LDL-C, AI, MDA, SOD.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After opuntia powder treatment,the level of TC in nomal wistar rats was decreased. However, there was no significant difference comparing with control group (P > 0.05). The serum MAD level in the low, middle and high dosage groups were all obviously decreased, which were significantly lower than that in the control group. The SOD activities were all higher than that in the control group. The level of TC, LDL-C, AI (P < 0.01), TG (P < 0.05) were lower significantly in hyperlipemia wistar rats after treated by opuntia powder of high, middle and low dosage. The down-regulation of blood lipids was related with the dosage of opuntia powder.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The opuntia powder may regulate the level of blood lipids in normal and hyperlipemia wistar rats. The effect is more obviously in hyperlipemia rats than that in normal rats.</p>