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Objective@#To investigate the present situation of spiritual health and empathy of undergraduate nursing students, and explore the correlation between them.@*Methods@#Convenient sampling was used and 498 senior nursing students were recruited from 2 universities in Shandong Province. They were investigated using the general questionnaire, the Spiritual Health Scale Short Form and Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index.@*Results@#The total score of spiritual health was (92.87±12.28), the 5 dimensions of the item score from high to low were connection to others (4.46±0.62), meaning derived from living (4.15±0.69), self-understanding (4.03±0.72), transcendence (3.95±0.74) and religious attachment (2.60±1.08). The total score of Interpersonal Reactivity Index was (57.50±8.35), the 5 dimensions of the item score from high to low were perspective taking (2.78±0.61), empathy concern (2.72±0.56), fantasy (2.61±0.57), personal distress (2.32±0.78). Nursing students’ spiritual health score and empathy was positively correlated (r=0.334, P<0.01). Regression analysis, single-child (B=0.202, P<0.05), exercise habit (B=0.363, P<0.01), religious belief (B=0.381, P<0.01), academic performance (B=0.205, P<0.05), nursing career in the future (B=0.285, P<0.01) were the influencing factors of nursing students′ spiritual health.@*Conclusions@#Spiritual health is closely related to empathy; the higher the level of spiritual health, the higher the empathy ability. It suggests that nursing educators can improve nursing students′ empathy by improving the spiritual health of nursing students.
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Objective To investigate the present situation of spiritual health and empathy of undergraduate nursing students, and explore the correlation between them. Methods Convenient sampling was used and 498 senior nursing students were recruited from 2 universities in Shandong Province. They were investigated using the general questionnaire, the Spiritual Health Scale Short Form and Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. Results The total score of spiritual health was (92.87±12.28), the 5 dimensions of the item score from high to low were connection to others (4.46± 0.62), meaning derived from living (4.15 ± 0.69), self-understanding (4.03 ± 0.72), transcendence (3.95 ± 0.74) and religious attachment (2.60±1.08). The total score of Interpersonal Reactivity Index was (57.50± 8.35), the 5 dimensions of the item score from high to low were perspective taking (2.78±0.61), empathy concern (2.72±0.56), fantasy (2.61±0.57), personal distress (2.32±0.78). Nursing students’spiritual health score and empathy was positively correlated (r=0.334,P<0.01). Regression analysis, single-child (B=0.202, P<0.05), exercise habit (B=0.363, P<0.01), religious belief (B=0.381, P<0.01), academic performance (B=0.205, P<0.05), nursing career in the future (B=0.285, P<0.01) were the influencing factors of nursing students′ spiritual health. Conclusions Spiritual health is closely related to empathy; the higher the level of spiritual health, the higher the empathy ability. It suggests that nursing educators can improve nursing students′ empathy by improving the spiritual health of nursing students.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>determine the feasibility of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene therapy for protecting the cochlear function against aminoglycoside-induced oxidative stress in aging rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The aging model of SD rats were obtained with 8 weeks daily of D-gal (150 mg/kg per day) hypodermic injection. In the 9th week, amikacin (500 mg/kg per day) were injected intramuscularly into some aging SD rats. The viral particles of recombinant adeno-associated viral vector II/MnSOD (6 microl, 5 x 10(11) vector genomes/ml) were injected into the perilymph through the round window membrane (RWM). The feasibility of MnSOD gene therapy against aminoglycoside-induced oxidative stress in aging rats was evaluated with the methods of caspase-3 protein analysis, apoptosis detection with immunohistochemical, the detection of MnSOD concentration, stretched preparation of basilar membrane and evaluation of hearing threshold with ABR-click.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the concentration of MnSOD of cochlear tissue was increased (P < 0.05), and the active fragment expression of caspase-3, the numbers of apoptosis bodies and the hearing threshold were decreased (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MnSOD could play a partly role to treat cochlear aminoglycoside-induced oxidative damage in aging rats.</p>