Cardiac functional alterations and its risk factors in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome free of cardiovascular disease / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the changes of cardiac structure and function and their risk factors in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) without cardiovascular complications.@*METHODS@#Eighty-two elderly OSA patients without cardiovascular disease admitted between January, 2015 and October, 2016 were enrolled in this study. According to their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, calculated as the average number of episodes of apnoea and hypopnoea per hour of sleep), the patients were divided into mild OSA group (AHI < 15) and moderate to severe OSA group (AHI ≥ 15). The demographic data and the general clinical data were recorded and fasting blood samples were collected from the patients on the next morning following polysomnographic monitoring for blood cell analysis and biochemical examination. Echocardiography was performed within one week after overnight polysomnography, and the cardiac structure, cardiac function and biochemical indexes were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those with mild OSA group, the patients with moderate to severe OSA had significantly higher hematocrit (0.22±0.08 @*CONCLUSIONS@#Cardiac diastolic function impairment may occur in elderly patients with moderate or severe OSA who do not have hypertension or other cardiovascular diseases, and the severity of the impairment is positively correlated with AHI.

Correlation between severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and red cell distribution width in elderly patients / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and red cell distribution width (RDW) in elderly patients.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study was conducted among 311 elderly patients diagnosed with OSAS in the snoring clinic between January, 2015 and October, 2016 and 120 healthy controls without OSAS from physical examination populations in the General Hospital of PLA. The subjects were divided into control group with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) <5 (=120), mild OSAS group (AHI of 5.0-14.9; =90), moderate OSAS group (AHI of 15.0-29.9; =113) and severe OSAS group (AHI ≥ 30; =108). The clinical characteristics and the results of polysomnography, routine blood tests and biochemical tests of the subjects were collected. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between OSAS severity and RDW.@*RESULTS@#The levels of RDW and triglyceride were significantly higher in severe OSAS group than in the other groups ( < 0.01). The levels of fasting blood glucose and body mass index were significantly higher in severe and moderate OSAS groups than in mild OSAS group and control group ( < 0.05 or < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that AHI was positively correlated with body mass index (β=0.111, =0.032) and RDW (β=0.106, =0.029). The area under ROC curve of RDW for predicting the severity of OSAS was 0.687 (=0.0001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The RDW increases as OSAS worsens and may serve as a potential marker for evaluating the severity of OSAS.

Effects ofWenyujin Essential Oil on tau Protein Phosphorylation in Mice with Aβ-induced Alzheimer Disease through PI3k/Akt Pathway / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To investigate the effects ofWenyujinessential oil on tau protein phosphorylation in mice with Alzheimer Disease (AD); To discuss the relevant mechanism of action.MethodsSixty Kunming mice were divided into six groups randomly: sham-operation group, model group,Wenyujin essential oil low- and high-dose group, donepezil group andShenzhiling group.β-Amyloid protein (Aβ25-35) was infused into the hippocampal of mice. Mice in each group were given relevant medicine for gavage for 15 d. After the last administration, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of tau protein phosphorylation points (Ser 404 and Thr 231). Western blot was used to detect tau protein phosphorylation points and the expression of PI3K/Akt protein. Results Compared with sham-operation group, tau protein phosphorylation points in the model group increased (P<0.05), but the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, tau protein phosphorylation (Thr231 and Ser404) inWenyujin essential oil high-dose group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt increased(P<0.01). ConclusionWenyujinessential oil can inhibit tau protein phosphorylation in mice. The possible mechanism may be related to the PI3K/Akt signal pathway.

Radiofrequency combined with platelet-rich plasma for repair of white meniscal tears / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Both biological and physical methods contribute to the repair of white meniscal tears, so the combined use will be better. OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of radiofrequency combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the repair of white meniscal tears. METHODS: Forty-eight adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, including simple suture, radiofrequency, PRP, and combination groups, and then the model of medial meniscus posterior root tears was established in all experimental animals. The simple suture group underwent interrupted mattress suture; the radiofrequency group was treated with radiofrequency (20 W, 45 ℃) after suture; the PRP group received the intra-articular injection of PRP after suture; the combination group was firstly treated with radiofrequency after suture, and then underwent the intra-articular injection of PRP. The gross and histological changes of the meniscus were observed, and the expression levels of transforming growth factor β1, vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor were detected at 3 and 12 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 12 weeks after operation, the simple suture group showed no healing; the radiofrequency and PRP groups healed partially; and the combination group healed completely, and chondrocytes and collagen fibers arranged regularly. There was a significant difference in the healing rate between combination and simple suture groups (P=0.003). At 3 weeks postoperatively, the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in the radiofrequency, PRP and combination groups were obviously higher than that in the simple suture group, which decreased markedly at the 12th week. At 3 weeks postoperatively, the expression level of platelet-derived growth factor was increased in all groups, especially in the PRP and combination groups. The PRP group showed the highest level of transforming growth factor β1 at 12 weeks postoperatively. These results manifest that the combination of radiofrequency and PRP promotes the repair of white meniscal tears by increasing the cell proliferation, cell mitosis and angiogenesis.

Influence of the growth traits and virulence genes of Enterococcus faecalis isolate N41 by cocultivation with Salmonella / 中国兽医学报

To explore the impact of Salmonella on Enterococcusfaecalis isolate N41 under the coexisting,the growth traits and the transcription of 26 virulence genes of N41 at various growth phases were detected.Salmonella and/or N41 were inoculated and done plate counting,then growth curves were drawn and bacterial total RNA were extracted at given time points,quantitive realtime PCR was used to analyze the RNA transcription levels of 26 virulence genes of N41.The result showed that comparison with single incubation,the bacteria concentration of N41 dropped about 3.9 times,and Salmonella dropped about 110-times.Among 26 virulence genes of N41,the RNA transcription levels of 12 virulence genes such as ebpA,ebpC,rnjB,ace,ebpR,psr and so on were promoted at the four growth phases,but the RNA transcription levels of SlyA and sprE were dropped.Except that the RNA transcription levels of CylL-S,CylL-L,efaA and AS had no significant changes at the four growth phases,the mostly rest genes increased dramatically at post-log phase.This indicated that when incubated together,N41 inhibited the growth of Salmonella significantly,and Salmonella promoted the transcription levels of virulence genes of N41 as a whole.The results lay a foundation for further research on the interaction between bacteria species and the pathogenicity mechanism of Enterococci.

Protective effect of κ-opioid receptor agonist U50, 488 H pretreatment by intrathecal injection on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of intrathecal injecting κ-opioid receptor agonist U50, 488H on the rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.Methods 50 Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10): sham group (Sham), ischemia/reperfusion group (IR), high-dose intravenous injection group (IV1), low-dose intravenous injection group (IV2), and intrathecal injection group (IT).In sham group the rats were followed by the modeling step without ligation of the left coronary and no drug injection by intravenous or intrathecal; in IR group the rats were underwent 30 minutes of myocardial ischemia followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion, and were not treated with any drug.All the rats in IV1, IV2 and IT groups were intravenous injected with U50, 488H at 1 hour before they were underwent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion as in IR group.IV1 and IV2 groups were intravenous injected with U50, 488H respectively at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg, while the IT group was intrathecal injected with U50, 488H at the dose of 0.01mg/kg.All the rats from 5 groups were observed with cardiac ultrasound, myocardial sirius staining, serum CGRP and ET level.Results Compared to IR group(EF%=35.4 ±1.1,FS% =21.1 ±1.1), the rats in IT group (EF%=49.1 ±1.2,FS%=27.1 ±1.0) and IV1 group (EF%=46.3 ±2.2,FS%=26.6 ±0.6) showed better myocardial contraction (P<0.05) and reduced myocardial fibrosis (P<0.05).IT group and IV1 group also showed reduced ET but increased CGRP in the serum (P<0.05).There were no difference between IV2 group and IR group in both observation.Conclusion Pretreatment with intrathecal injection of opium κ-receptor stimulant U50, 488H not only protected the myocardial function from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, but also repressed myocardial fibrosis.The protection may result from modulation of CGRP and ET.

Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli O157∶H7 from cow and its biological characteristics / 中国人兽共患病学报

To understand the Escherichia coli (E .coli) O157∶ H7 isolated from cow in Zhengzhou ,Henan Province ,a total of 146 samples of cow fecal and milk were collected in the different farms ,and E .coli O157∶ H7 was detected with mul-tiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in our laboratory .Then the biochemical characteristics ,growth dynamic ,the biofilm formation ,and the toxin genes of the E .coli O157∶ H7 isolates were analyzed .The results showed that 2 strains of E .coli O157∶H7 were found ,with the detection rate of 1 .4% ,and the isolates were named as L1 and L2 in current study ,respec-tively .The E .coli O157∶H7 clinical isolates had the same biochemical characteristics with that of the typical E .coli .The L1 and L2 isolates presented similar growth curve ,which entered into the log phase earlier than that of the standard strain .L1 strain formed thick ,confluent ,complete biofilm after 48 hours post-inoculation ,and the biofilm of L2 strain was formed com-pletely in 36 hours .The two E .coli O157∶ H7 isolates were positive with eaeA and hlyA genes ,and the L1 strain also carried the Stx2 virulence gene .Our results reinforce the epidemiological data of E .coli O157∶H7 ,and underscore the need for more effective surveillance of animal-derived E .coli O157∶H7 isolates in Zhengzhou City ,China .

Efficacy and safety of early use of urokinase for prevention and treatment of tunneled hemodialysis catheter-related fibrin sheaths / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of the early use of urokinase in the prevention and treatment on tunneled hemodialysis catheter related fibrin sheaths.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-eight hemodialysis patients with tunneled central venous catheter and good catheter function were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Urokinase was given after 3 days of indwelling catheter in the experimental group and after the onset of catheter dysfunction in the control group. The catheter function, mean blood flow and venous pressure of dialysis, coagulation, and side effects in the two groups were observed for 6 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rates of catheter dysfunction on the arterial side were 0.65% and 2.71% in the experimental group and control group, respectively (P<0.05), with catheter dysfunction rates on the vein side of 0.92% and 2.41%, respectively (P<0.05). Catheter dysfunction occurred for the first time at 87.9 ± 24.1 days in the experimental group, and at 31.3 ± 11.5 days in the control group (P<0.05). The mean blood flow showed no significant difference between the two groups at 1 month after tube insertion (P>0.05), but was higher in the experimental group at 3 and 6 months after the tube insertion (P<0.05). The mean venous pressure in two groups was similar 1 and 3 months after tube insertion (P>0.05), but was significantly lower in the experimental group at 6 months (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the experimental group showed significantly prolonged prothrombin time (P<0.05) but similar rest coagulation parameters. No serious drug-related side effects occurred in these two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early use of urokinase is safe and effective for prevention and treatment of tunneled hemodialysis catheter-related fibrin sheaths with minimal side effects.</p>

Role of platelet-rich plasma in tendon-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with tendon allograft / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To observe the effect of platelet-rich plasma(PRP)gel on tendon-bone healing following tendon allograft reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL).Methods Bilateral ACL reconstructions using Achilles tendon allografts were performed in 24 New Zealand white rabbits matured skeletally.One knee joint was pretreated with the allograft PRP gel(served as experimental group),while the contralateral knee joint was free from treatment with PRP(served as control group).The reconstructions were assessed histologically,immunohistochemically and biomechanically at 2,6 and 12 weeks.Results At 2 and 6 weeks,Burak scores of experimental group were higher than control group.At 12 weeks,the grafts showed a mature zone of fibrocartilage in experimental group but mature scar tissues on the tendon-bone surface.Immunohistochemistry demonstrated early higher expression of VEGF in experimental group than control group and continually higher expression of TGF-β1 in experimental than control group.In contrast,the grafts of the controls group revealed the development of mature scar tissue resembling Sharpey fibers spanning the tendon-bone interface.At 2 and 6 weeks,the biomechanical analysis revealed the limit load of(15.3±2.9)N and(33.2±6.9)N respectively in experimental group,which were significantly higher than(7.9±1.4)N and(23.7±4.9)N in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Application of PRP is the potential means to enhance the earlier healing of the allograft tendon-bone.

Angiogenic effect of platelet-released growth factors from platelet-rich plasma at early stage of transplantation of freeze-dried Achilles tendon in rabbits / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To observe angiogenic effect of platelet-released growth factors (PRGF) from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on mierovessel formation at early stage after anterior crueiate ligament (ACL) reconstruction by freeze-dried Achilles tendon. Methods The study involved 14 rabbits, of which 12 rabbits were used as experiment group and the other 2 as control group. In the experiment group, after two sides of rabbit ACL were removed, freeze-dried Achilles tendon treated by PRGF was transplanted into random one side of the knee to substitute the original ACL (PRGF group), while the other side was transplanted with freeze-dried Achilles tendon treated only by normal saline (NS group). Only one side of the knee was removed in the control group. The grafts were observed by HE and immuno- histeehemical staining 2, 4 and 6 weeks after operation. Microvessel density (MVD) was measured by Weidner method. Results Compared with NS group, MVD in PRGF group was significant higher at 2,4 and 6 weeks after operation (P<0.05). MVD of NS group at 2,4 and 6 weeks after operation was 2.52±0.45, 3.41±0.44 and 2.57±0.51 respectively, but that of PRGF group at 2,4 and 6 weeks af- ter operation was 3.56±0.81,4.91±0.46 and 3.01±0.75 respectively (P<0.05). The time of neo- vascular formation and the depth of vascular penetration into the grafts of the PRGF group were superior to those of NS group. Conclusion PRGF can significantly promote microvessel formation at early stage after ACL reconstruction with freeze-dried Achilles tendon.

Test analysis of physical precision of SGS-1 ?-knife treatment system / 医疗卫生装备

This paper is to test the physical precision of SGS-I?-knife treatment system. The total positional precision and?-treatement planning system (?-TPS) planning misdose are tested by film and ionization chamber. The precision of head target location is less than 0.88mm. The body target is less than 1.52mm. The error of single target point between the measured and the predicted doses is less than 0.52% and the error of multi target points is less than 3%. The isodose distribution (on axial plane) from the film is consistent with the predicted one. So, SGS-I?-knife can meet clinical requirements.

Three-dimensional reconstruction of CT for laryngeal carcinoma and control study with histological specimen / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

Objective:To investigate the value of the three-dimensional CT reconstruction by computer photo process system for laryngeal carcinoma and control study with pathologic feature. Methods: Fifty patients with laryngeal carcinoma were scanned by helical CT which photos were three-dimensionally reconstructed with a photo processing system,and the images were compared with pathologic feature.Results:Clear three-dimensional photo of the laryngeal was obtained through the reconstruction of the helical CT.The images could be circular fully around the axis of X,Y and Z in order to find the best view of the diagnosis.Ninety-six percentage of the TNM stage of patients according to the images of three-dimensional reconstruction were consistent with the TNM stage after operation.The safe edge was obtained in 98% of the surgery for patients.Good correlations were showed in the images of the three-dimensional reconstruction of the larynx and pathologic specimens.Conclusion:Good consistent of the three-dimensional images of the larynx with pathologic specimen were useful for diagnosis,operation design and education.