RESUMO
Background: Facial defects can be acquired or congenital, but irrespective of etiology, any maxillofacial structure if damaged or missing will result in an unaesthetic and unappealing personality of individual. Orbital defects are very evident and effect the appearance and social front of the individual. Many modalities are available to rehabilitate the defect of an orbit but prosthetic rehabilitation with silicone prosthesis is a simple and effective approach. Retention is generally achieved by engaging available undercuts or using mechanical accessories or skin adhesives etc. This case report describes successful rehabilitation of right orbital defect using a non-surgical approach with room temperature vulcanized silicone and skin adhesives. Case Report: A 45 yr old male reported with, chief complaint of missing right orbit and unaesthetic appearance secondary to gunshot wound. Patient was not ready for any more surgical procedures or additional accessories and available retentive undercuts were minimal. Hence, conventional silicone prosthesis was made using stock eye shell and room temperature vulcanized silicone retained with skin adhesives. The approach was simple to a complex problem and gave reliable result in very limited time. Conclusion: With extensive orbital defect, rehabilitation is difficult and complex as retention is compromised and it is difficult to match the shade of the prosthesis.This case represents a simple and predictable approach to a case of exenterated right orbit with conventional roomtemperature vulcanized silicone and silicone skin adhesives.
RESUMO
Background and Objectives: Kapalbhati is among one of the cleansing act (shatkarma) in yogic philosophy. It is one of the popular Pranayama which has several benefits. It is highly recommended for those who have to do great deal of study and need a clean, clear mind. This study was conducted among nursing students at Janaki medical college, Janakpur, Nepal.Material and Methods: This analytical study was conducted among PCL Nursing students of Janaki Medical College, Janakpurdham, Nepal. Total 40 nursing student who gave consent and performed Kapalbhati correctly were included in the study. A detailed demographic profile with a structured questionnaire and observational checklist was filled for data collection. HR, SBP, DBP were the cardiac parameters taken. Those parameters were taken before, during, immediately after and after 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes and 5 minutes Pranayama. The data were entered in SPSS and Statistical analysis was done using version 20.Results: As in usual exercises, the HR, SBP and DBP increases significantly during Kapalbhati session but immediate post effect was surprisingly significantly fall in those parameters when compared with the value during exercises. The basal (pre-Kapalbhati) mean HR, SBP and DBP were 88.25 ± 9.02, 111.43 ± 11.28 and 73.9 ± 7.70 which increases upto 133.58 ± 35.70, 89.63 ± 23.31 and 118.55 ± 19.08 respectively during exercises and fall immediately after exercises value being 114.48 ± 21.94, 76.43 ± 15.34 and 88.6 ± 17.25 respectively.Conclusion: There is no significant difference between pre and post value of HR, SBP and DBP as in other study. There is significant rise between Pre-value and during-value of all parameters and significant fall of all parameters if compared between during-value and post-value.
RESUMO
Background and Objectives: Bone marrow specimen is considered as superior to the blood in the laboratory diagnosis of Kala-azar. The main objective of this study is to compare these two methods of diagnosis and determine the usefulness of the diagnostic techniques.Material and Methods: This prospective cross sectional study was conducted at Janakpur Zonal Hospital, Janakpur which was aimed to determine the usefulness of the bone marrow specimen and blood specimen in the laboratory diagnosis of Kala-azar. Bone marrow aspirate and venous blood was collected aseptically from the cases were processed simultaneously. The results of these two cultures were compared. Results: Total 60 cases of Kala-azar were included in the study of which 32 were male and 28 were female. Amastigote form of Leishmania donovani were detected in 56 (93.33%) samples with high titre of parasitemiae and 119 (18%) in the blood sample with low parasitemiae. Sensitivity and Specificity of the test was calculated of the bone marrow sample test have more sensitivity (98%) and specificity (100%) over the sensitivity (90%) and specificity (96%) of blood smear test.Conclusion: Bone marrow specimens were found to be more useful than the blood sample in the laboratory diagnosis of Kala-azar.
RESUMO
Background and Objectives: The prevention and treatment of peptic ulcers has become an important challenge in the current medicine world. Modern progress in novel drug delivery system aims to improve the efficacy of the drug molecule by formulating a dosage form of RHCL. One of the most feasible approaches for achieving a prolonged and predictable drug delivery profile in GI tract is to control the gastric residence time. Therefore, a multi-unit gastro retentive dosage form of RHCL capable of floating on simulated gastric fluid for more than 12 hours was formulated and evaluated.Materials and Methods: Nine batches of the light liquid paraffin entrapped emulsion gel beads were prepared by a new emulsion gelation technique using sodium alginate and xanthan gum as polymers. The polymeric solution was extruded into Calcium chloride solution by the use of 21G needles. Morphology of beads, drug content, drug entrapment efficiency, floating lag time and buoyancy were studied. Compatibility study of Ranitidine HCl with polymers used in the formulation was performed using DSC and FT-IR.Results: Mean surface diameter were between 1.220 ± 2.259% (F1) to 1.230 ± 2.316% (F9) and floating lag time were between 6 minute (F9) to 11 minute (F1). All formulations were buoyant for more than 12 hours in simulated gastric fluid at 37ºC. The drug content and drug entrapment efficiency among the formulations were between 17.48%~19.68% and 71.06% ~84.32% respectively. Formulation F1 showed lowest drug content and drug entrapment efficiency while F9 showed highest drug content and drug entrapment efficiency. F4 showed most acceptable sustained drug release profile.Conclusion: The gastro retentive drug delivery system designed as floating beads was found to be satisfactory drug delivery system for Ranitidine HCl to improve the bioavailability of the drug.