RESUMO
Background: Hand hygiene practices either by hand rub by disinfectant or hand washing by soap and water are very important for preventing Health care-associated infections (HCAIs). WHO have devised guidelines for hand rub and hand wash and advocated “My five moments for hand hygiene” as the approach for appropriate performance, teaching and evaluation of hand hygiene. The objective of this study is to observe hand hygiene practices, among health care providers in a tertiary care govt. hospital and document facilities available at the point of patient care for hand hygiene practices.Methods: A cross sectional observation study was conducted in 8 departments of a Government Tertiary care Hospital for observation of hand hygiene practices as Per WHO Guideline on “5 Moment of Care”. Total of 600 observations were made and one Health care provider was observed once at a point of time. Data Entry was done in MS excel and was analysed in Open Epi software.Results: Among 600 moments observed, 354 (59%) moments were those where hand hygiene practices were missed by HCPs. Among various HCPs 63% Doctors, 62% Nurses, 52% Medical students and 59% nursing students missed the hand hygiene practices. Lack of antimicrobial soap, alcohol based agents, sterile towel and hand drier were perceived barriers for hand hygiene Practices.Conclusions: There lies a huge gap in practice of hand hygiene among all cadres of health care providers. The study is able to identify the lack of infrastructure which can be improved to promote hand hygiene in wards.
RESUMO
Present study was designed to investigate the possible involvement of leptin in the pharmacological activation of Mas–receptor in STZ-diabetic rats, with cardiomyopathy. A single administration of STZ (50 mg/kg, i.p.) produced diabetes which leads to cardiomyopathy after 8 weeks. Estimation of serum glucose has been used as a marker of hyperglycemia. Cardiomyopathy was assessed by measuring LV collagen content, absolute LV weight, LVW/BW ratio, LVDP, dp/dtmax and dp/dtmin. Furthermore, serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol and serum HDL levels were estimated as an index of dyslipidemia. Rat serum leptin was quantitatively estimated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. STZ-diabetic rats were associated with significant hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased cardiac functions and decreased serum leptin level. Both the low and high dose AVE-0991 treatment, significantly decreased hyperglycemia and increased serum leptin level in diabetic rats. Whereas, AVE-0991 only at high dose significantly improved lipid profile and cardiac function. on the basis of above, it may be concluded that downstream activation of leptin may be responsible for the beneficial effect of AVE-0991, a Mas-receptor agonist in STZ-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.