Influence of hyperlipidemia factor on ephedrine-treated hypotension in patients undergoing epidural anesthesia / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the influence of hyperlipidemia factor on ephedrine-treated hy-potension in the patients undergoing epidural anesthesia. Methods Patients scheduled for elective hyster-ectomy with epidural anesthesia, were divided into normal blood lipid group and hyperlipidemia group ac-cording to the fasting blood lipid level. Epidural puncture was performed at L1,2after replacing the cumula-tive body fluid loss. The hypotensive response was defined as decrease in systolic pressure (SP)＜80% of the baseline value or SP＜90 mmHg. Effective pressor response was defined as increase in SP＞90% of the baseline value or SP＞100 mmHg.The initial dose of ephedrine was 0. 10 mg∕kg.Up-and-down sequential al-location was used to determine the dose of ephedrine. The difference between two successive doses was 0. 02 mg∕kg. Each time the dose increased∕decreased in the next patient according to whether SP increased or not. Probit analysis was used to determine the ED50, and 95% confidence interval (CI) of ephedrine in treating hypotension. Results A total of 114 patients were enrolled in this study, with 64 cases in normal blood lipid group and 50 cases in hyperlipidemia group. The rate of epidural anesthesia-induced hypotension was 22%(14 cases) in normal blood lipid group and 40%(20 cases) in hyperlipidemia group, and there was significant difference between two groups (P＜0. 05). The ED50(95% CI) of ephedrine in treating hypoten-sion was 0. 81 (0. 75-1. 03) mg∕kg and 1. 14 (1. 05-1. 31) mg∕kg in normal blood lipid group and hyper-lipidemia group, respectively, and there was significant difference between two groups ( P＜0. 05). Con-clusion Hyperlipidemia can not only be considered as a risk factor for epidural anesthesia-induced hypo-tension, but also markedly decease pressor responses to ephedrine for the female patients undergoing low epidural anesthesia.

Advances in the Silent Stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Wtth the development of imaging technique,particularly the use of magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging,it can easily detect silent stroke lesiom.Both the prevalence and incidence of asyrrotomatic stroke were higher than those of symptomatic stroke.Age,hypertemion and atrial fibrillation are its accepted risk factors.Although silent stroke lacks clinically overt stroke-like symptoms by definition,it often has mild physical and cognitive impairment with careful examination.Furthermore,asymptomatic stroke is also correlated with the occurrence of subsequent symptomatic stroke.decreased cognitive function and dementia.Therefore,clinicians should pay more attention to it,positively control its risk factors and improve its prognosis.

Native Assessment to the Montreal Battery of Musical Evaluation / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective: This research carried out the native assessment to the Montreal Battery of Musical Evaluation, including MBEA and Musical emotion test. Methods: 60 normals were tested by MBEA (including 30 university students). Also 40 students were tested by musical emotion recognition battery. The correct rates were recorded and compared with western normals’data. Results: There were significant differences in pitch judgments and musical emotion recognition be- tween Chinese and Westerners, while rhythm perception and memory of music did not have significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Culture difference mainly influences the musical pitch perception in brain but rhythm. Chinese have its own understanding of western musical excerpts. Although MBEA is wildly accepted abroad, native analogy testing tool is acquired.