Etiological detection and epidemiological analysis of children with influenza-like illness / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the status and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory virus infection in children with influenza-like illness in outpatient department, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of children in this area.Methods:Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from children who attended the fever clinic of The Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine due to influenza-like illness from July 2021 to March 2022, and six common respiratory virus nucleic acids were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The general information of the children was collected and grouped by gender and age (0-<6 months, 6-<12 months, 1-3< year-old, 3-<6 year-old , and ≥6 year-old), and the chi-square test was used for statistical analysis between the groups to explore the epidemic pattern of respiratory viruses.Results:A total of 739 cases (45.9%, 739/1 609) of respiratory viruses were detected from children with influenza-like illness, including 651 cases (40.5%, 651/1 609) of simple infection and 88 cases (5.5%, 88/1 609) of multiple infections. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected in 18.6% (300/1 609), followed by influenza B virus (FluB) in 11.9% (192/1 609), adenovirus (ADV) in 8.3% (134/1 609), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) in 7.6% (123/1 609), parainfluenza virus type 1 (PIV-1) in 4.9% (79/1 609), and influenza A virus (FluA) in 0.4% (6/1 609). Multiple infections including double or triple infections, with 81(92.0%, 81/88) cases of double infection and the most common being ADV+RSV (22.7%, 20/88) and 7 (8.0%, 7/88) cases of triple infection. There was a significant difference in the virus detection rate between the age groups (χ2=17.078, P=0.002), with the highest virus detection rate in the 3-<6 years of age group (49.7%, 286/575). Among the detection of simple infection, FluB had the highest detection rate in the ≥ 6 years of age group (26.6%, 98/369), and RSV and PIV-1 had the highest detection rate in the 3-<6 years of age group (20.0%, 115/575 and 5.9%, 34/575). The total monthly virus detection rate increased from 26.8% (37/138) in July to 63.0% (58/92) in January, and decreased to 46.1% (106/230) and 26.8% (37/138) in February and March. The detection rate of RSV was the highest from August to November, the detection rate of FluB was the highest from December to March, the detection rate of ADV increased in December and January, and the detection rate of PIV-3 increased from October to December; the detection rate of PIV-1 did not fluctuate significantly, and FluA was sporadically detected. Conclusions:RSV is the main respiratory virus in children with influenza-like illness. Most respiratory viruses are present as single infections. Multiple infections are more common in double infections. FluB, RSV and PIV-1 infections showed certain age distribution characteristics, especially in children over 3 years of age. The epidemic characteristics of respiratory virus infection show that the epidemic gradually peaks from summer to autumn and winter, and turns into an epidemic decline in spring. RSV was relatively prevalent in autumn, FluB was prevalent in winter and spring, ADV and PIV-3 were prevalent to varying degrees in winter, PIV-1 continued to circulate at a low level, and FluA did not present epidemic characteristics.

Progress in monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy for cancer treatment / 生物工程学报

More than 100 years ago, Paul Ehrlich first proposed the "magic bullets" concept in which antibody targeting disease related antigen can fight against human disease. Since then, with the development of hybridoma technology for monoclonal antibody production and cancer serum therapy, immunotherapy based monoclonal antibody bas been used in chinical practice to treat hematological and solid tumor. Up to now, more than 20 recombinant antibody drugs were approved for cancer treatment worldwide. In recent years, the next-generation antibody drug, including immune checkpoint antagonists, bi-specific antibody, and antibody drug conjugates have successfully cured various malignant tumor. This review recalled the history of monoclonal antibody as potent immunotherapy of cancer firstly, and focused on the next-generation antibody drug's mechanism of action, construction strategies, and the side effects in clinic. Lastly, the future trend of anti-tumor antibody drug was also discussed.

Analysis of factors influencing the quality of life of elderly patients with esophageal cancer / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To study the effects of different factors influencing the quality of life of elderly esophageal cancer patients who returned to the community after surgery.Methods A total of 216 elderly esophageal cancer patients with complete clinical data who had returned to the community after surgery were followed up by questionnaires,including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life rating (EORTC QLQ-C30) and esophageal cancer supplementary (QLQ-OES18) scales.Results The overall quality of life score of the patients was (35.2±22.1),which was lower than that in the Norwegian norm data.Scores for cognitive function,constipation,diarrhea,shortness of breath and loss of appetite were similar to those in the norm data.Scores for physical function,emotional function,role function and were lower than those in the norm data,while scores for pain,fatigue,nausea and vomiting,sleeplessness and were higher than those in the norm data.The overall quality of life score was higher in male patients than in female patients (F =5.12,P=0.029),in patients with spouses than in those without spouses (F=5.61,P=0.016),and in patients without complications than in those with complications (F=5.48,P=0.002).The overall quality of life was higher with longer survival times after surgery (F=3.68,P=0.003).No significant difference in the overall quality of life score was found between different age-groups (F=4.23,P=0.212).Conclusions The overall postoperative life quality is poor in community elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma.Gender,marital status,postoperative survival time,and complications are among the factors influencing postoperative quality of life of community elderly patients with esophageal carcinoma.

The differential diagnosis research between autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer on imageological features / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To improve the differential diagnosis between autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and pancreatic cancer (PC) by a contrast analysis of imageological features.Methods Thirty-six patients who had postoperative pathological with Asian AIP standards and 95 patients who had postoperative pathological consistent with PC.The imageological results of these AIP and PC patients were analyzed.Results AIP was significantly less than PC in the enhanced CT of a mass or enlargement of the pancreatic head,enlargement of the lymph nodes around the pancreas,dilation and interrupt in pancreatic and bile duct,peripheral vascular and organ involvement (11/27 vs.28/40,2/27 vs.17/40,13/27 vs.32/40,1/27 vs.10/40,8/27 vs.26/40,2/27 vs.15/40,0/27 vs.15/40,0/27 vs.10/40,P ＜ 0.05).AIP was significantly more than PC in the enhanced CT of a diffusely enlarged pancreas,calcification or pancreatic calculus,capsule-like rim or the vague peripancreatic fat interval (4/27 vs.0/40,7/27 vs.0/40,10/27 vs.6/40,P ＜ 0.05).AIP was significantly less than PC in the three-dimensional ultrasonography of dilation diameter of pancreatic duct and dilation of common bile duct [(0.421 ± 0.270) cm vs.(0.594 ± 0.270) cm,1/18 vs.16/26,P＜ 0.05].AIP was significantly less than PC in the magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography of dilation of common bile duct and interrupt in pancreatic duct (7/13 vs.16/18,1/13 vs.10/18,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion AIP as a unique type of chronic pancreatitis can be distinguished from PC on distinctive imageological features

Study on the mechanism of human-β-defensin-2 expression in human vaginal epithelial cells induced by Lactobacillus cell wall extract / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the molecular and cell signal transduction mechanisms by Lactobacillus cell wall extract(LCWE)inducing human-β-defensin-2(hBD-2)expression in human vaginal epithelial cells.Methods The induction of hBD-2 in human vaginal epithelial cells(WZV-1)by LCWE was observed using real-time PCR and Western blot.After stimulating WZV-1.the activation of NF-κB and p38MAPK signaling pathways were determined by Western blot.The induction of hBD-2 in WZV-1 cells by LCWE was observed with signaling pathways inhibitors of NF-κB and p38MAPK using real-time PCR and Western blot.Results The results showed that LCWE significantly upregulated hBD-2 expression in the time and dose-dependent manner.The maximal stimulatory effect of LCWE on the expression of hBD-2mRNA in WZV-1 cells were observed at the concentration of 50μg/ml after treatment for 8 h.After stimulation by 50μg/ml LCWE,Western blot analysis demonstrated that the phosphorylation of p38MAPK increased at 0.5 h significantly,peaked at 1 h,moreover the concentration of NF-κB in nucleus increased at 0.5 h significantly(P<0.05),peaked at 2 h.Blocking with inhibitor of NF-κB and(or)p38MAPK pathways results in decreased levels of HBD-2 expression.Conclusion These findings suggest that p38MAPK and NF-κB pathways play the important roles in induction of hBD-2 expression by LCWE in human vagihal epithelial cells.

The study on the lowered tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells cotransfected with chemokine mMIP-1α and costimulatory molecule m4-1BB L in vivo / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) combined with molecule 4-1BB L on the tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo. Methods Mouse MIP-1α (mMIP-1α) expressed Hepa 1-6 cells were transfected with m4-1BBL recombinant retrovirus, the anti-histidinol cells clones were selected and amplified. The expression of m4-1BB L was confirmed by flow cytometry. The growth curve of Hepa 1-6 cells transfected with mMIP-1α and m4-1BBL alone or together was drawn and compared. C57B/L Mice were randomly divided into 7 groups, 9 mice in each group, injected with mMIP-1α+m4-1BB L Hepa 1-6 cells, m4-1BB L Hepa 1-6 cells, mMIP-1α Hepa 1-6 cells, Hepa 1-6 cells, pLXSHD Hepa 1-6 cells or PBS respectively. The tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the mice survival rate were compared between each groups. Results Hepa 1-6 mMIP-1α+m4-1BB L cells which expressed both mMIP-1α and m4-1BB L were successfully established. The expression of mMIP-1α and m4-1BB L alone or together did not affect the growth curve of Hepa 1-6 cells. Observed for 5 weeks, no tumor developed in Hepa 1-6 mMIP-1α+m4-1BB L injected mice. The tumorigenicity of Hepa 1-6 mMIP-1α+m4-1BB L was lower than that of Hepa 1-6 mMIP-1α or Hepa 1-6 m4-1BB L in vivo. The survival rate of Hepa 1-6 mMIP-1α+m4-1BBL injected mice(9/9) was higher than that of Hepa 1-6 m4-1BB L injected mice (6/9)or Hepa 1-6 mMIP-1α injected mice (1/9). Conclusion Chemokine MIP-1α combined with costimulatory 4-1BB L lowered the tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo, and prolonged the mice survival period.

Real time three-dimensional ultrasonography in the diagnosis of fetal corrected transposition of the great arteries / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To assess the application value of real time three-dimensional (RT-3D) ultrasonography in diagnosis of fetal corrected transposition of the great arties (cTGA). Methods Data of 14 fetuses diagnosed as cTGA clinically were reviewed. With 2D ultrasonography, diagnosis views were obtained and then studied using cardiac three-section analytic method. With real time 3D (RT-3D) ultrasonography, volume datasets were acquired at the level of four chamber view, and spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) was then used to analyze the relationship of the two great arties. Confirmed by infant echocardiography and the autopsy findings, the accuracy of RT-3D and 2D ultrasonography in evaluation of fetal cTGA and complications were compared. Results The accuracy rate of RT-3D and 2D ultrasonography in diagnosis of fetal cTGA was 92.86% and 71.43% (χ~2=2.19, P=0.14). The procedure time of RT-3D ultrasonography was significantly shorter than that of 2D ultrasonography (t=10.23, P＜0.001). Conclusion RT-3D ultrasonography can evaluate fetal cTGA and its complications more quickly and exactly than conventional 2D ultrasonography.

Study on expression of NO and iNOS in J774A. 1 cells induced by rVvhA / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin (rVvhA) on the expression of nitric oxide(NO) and induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in J774A. 1 cells.Methods The inhibitory effect of rVvhA on J774A. 1 proliferation was measured by MTF colorimetry technique. The content of nitrite in culture medium was determined by Griess reagent. The expression of iNOS protein and mRNA were measured by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, respectively. Results The viability of J774A. 1 cells was apparently inhibited when exposed to 0.8 HU/ml rVvhA and up. With the help of IFN-γ, the expression of NO and the activity of iNOS in J774A. 1 cells were remarkably increased when exposed to 0.4 HU/ml rVvhA. Conclusion rVvhA can increase the expression of NO and iNOS, it may play an important role in the pathogenic mechanism of Vibrio vulnificus.

Assessment of left ventricular regional function after coronary artery bypass grafting by strain rate imaging / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of strain rate imaging(SRI) in estimating the changes of left ventricular regional myocardial function in patients with coronary artery disease before and after coronary artery bypass grafting operation. Methods In sixteen patients with coronary artery disease, echoeardiography was performed 3 days before, 12 days after and 3 months after coronary artery bypass grafting operation respectively. SRI was used to quantitatively analyze the regional myocardial function of left ventricular wall. One hundred and ninety-two segments of left ventricular myocardium were analyzed in the study. The left ventricular myocardium was divided into segments with normal(152 segments) and abnormal(40 segments) wall motion according to two-dimensional echocardiography before the operation. Results Peak strain rate during systolic and early diastolic contraction (SRs, SRe) was not statistically significant between segments with normal and abnormal wall motion before operation. In segments with abnormal wall motion,myocardial peak strain rate of atrial contraction (SRa) was increased three months after operation comparing with three days before operation (P<0.05). In segments with normal wall motion,the absolute values of SRs,SRa and SRe were increased three months after operation comparing with three days before operation (P<0.05 and 0.01 ). SRs was increased three months after operation comparing with 12 days after operation (P<0.05 ). Conclusions SRI can be used to evaluate the functional changes of left ventricular regional myocardium quantitatively after coronary artery bypass grafting operation.

Antitumor immunity elicited by 4-1BBL gene transfected Hepa1-6 in vivo / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of 4-1BBL on antitumor immunity induced in vivo by murine 4-1BBL gene transfected Hepa1-6.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrovirus vector was used to transfer the 4-1BBL gene into syngeneic murine heptocellular carcinoma cell line Hepa1-6. The products were termed as Hepa1-6/4-1BBL, and then the TCV4-1BBL was obtained by treating them with mitomycin (MMC). Three models (immunological model, early model, and later model) were established to study the antitumor effects of TCV4-1BBL.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1)In immunological models, the syngeneic mice were completely protected by inoculation with TCV4-1BBL, survived free from tumor for a long period (over 100 days). (2)In early models (7 days after inoculation), Hepa1-6 tumor cells showed strong immunogenicity effects and (3) In later models (14 days after inoculation), they had obvious antitumor effects and most of the tumors were disappeared.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The antitumor effect against syngeneic murine hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo is obviously enhanced by treating them with TCV4-1BBL</p>

The in vivo antitumor activity of murine liver tumor vaccine expressing MIP-1alpha / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the in vivo antitumor activity of murine liver tumor vaccine expressing MIP-1alpha mediated by recombinant adenoviral vector.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The infection efficacy was measured by GFP expression 48 hours after infection of Hepa1-6, and the number of cells was counted daily for 14 days. 5 x 10(6) modified Hepa1-6 cells were inoculated subcutaneously to C57BL/6 mice and the tumor-free animals were rechallenged by 2 x 10(6) wild-type Hepa1-6 cells or syngenic EL4 cells four weeks later. The tumor volume was measured twice a week.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Adenoviral vectors could efficiently infect Hepa1-6 cells in vitro, and the in vitro growth rate of AdmMIP-1alpha modified Hepa1-6 cells was not affected; however the in vivo tumorigenicity was significantly decreased, compared with that of control vector modified Hepa1-6. Rechallenge of the tumor-free mice four weeks after administration of AdmMIP-1alpha with the parental Hepa1-6 cells resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth, but there was no significant difference when rechallenged with EL4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The liver cancer cells expressing mMIP-1alpha mediated by recombinant adenoviral vector decrease tumorigenicity and elicit specific immunological protection, and could be used as an effective liver tumor vaccine.</p>

Establishment of a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line producing mMIP-1α chemokines and the tomorigenicity of mMIP-1α transfected Hepa1-6 / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To establish a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line that can produce mMIP-1α and to evaluate the possibility of cancer gene therapy by mMIP-1α. Methods: mMIP-1α cDNA was cloned into retrovirus vector pBabe puro and pBabe puro-mMIP-1α was constructed, then pBabe puro-mMIP-1α was used to transfect packaging cells, anti-puromycin cells was proliferated, the supernatant was used to infect hepa1-6, the anti-puromycin clone (hepa1-6 mMIP-1α) and hepa1-6 were analysed for the expression of mMIP-1α mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. The growth curve of hepa1-6 and hepa1-6 mMIP-1α was drawn. The chemotaxis of mMIP-1α produced by hepa1-6 mMIP-1α to mouse spleen cells was observed on agarose gel. C57B/L mouse was inoculated with the tumor cell and the tumorigenicity was studied. Results: Recombinant retrovirus vector pBabe puro-mMIP-1α with mMIP-1α cDNA was constructed. Hepa1-6 did not produce mMIP-1α mRNA and protein, while hepa1-6 mMIP-1α could produce mMIP-1α mRNA and protein. The growth curve of hepa1-6 and hepa1-6 mMIP-1α showed no difference. The chemotaxis of mMIP-1α produced by hepa1-6 mMIP-1α to mouse spleen cells was observed. The tumorigenicity was reduced. Conclusion: A mouse hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa1-6 mMIP-1α is established and mMIP-1α can affect the tumorigenecity of hepa1-6.

TRAIL and its receptor expression in activated lymphocytes / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the expression difference of TRAIL and its receptors between resting and activated peripheral blood lymphocytes, and to study their role in cellular growth and proliferation. Methods: Expression of TRAIL and its receptors were detected by RT PCR and DNA sequencing. Results: Neither the expression of TRAIL nor its receptors were detected in resting peripheral blood lymphocyte. However, both expression were found in activated peripheral blood lymphocytes of various degree. Conclusion: TRAIL and its receptors may play a role in regulation and control of the activated lymphocytes in immune reaction.

Treatment of Murine Allergic Contact Dermatitis with CTLA4-Ig / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To study the effects of CTLA4-Ig on mu rine allergic contact dermatitis.Methods Mice were exposed to DNFB to induce allergic contact dermatitis and were i njected with CTLA4-Ig.Ear swelling was measured 24h after antigen challenge.Splenocytes from treated mice were assayed for their ability to prolif erate in response to DNFB or FITC stimulation in vitro.Results Profound inhibition of contact hypersensitivity response(CHS )was shown by 69.7%in mice treated with CTLA4-Ig compared with mice treate d with PBS control.CT-LA4-Ig-treated mice displayed DNFB-specific tolerance,but exhibited a vigorous immune response to FITC when re-sensitizing 14days after the fir st challenge.Adoptive transfer of l ymphocytes from CTLA4-Ig-treated mice could induce inhibition of CHS in recipien t mice.Conclusions CTLA4-Ig can inhibit CHS by blocking B7/CD28co-stimulatory pathway,which provides a new way to suppress typeⅣallergic reaction.[

Establishment of a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line producing mMIP-1? chemokines and the tomorigenicity of mMIP-1? transfected Hepa1-6 / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To establish a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell line that can produce mMIP 1? and to evaluate the possibility of cancer gene therapy by mMIP 1?. Methods: mMIP 1? cDNA was cloned into retrovirus vector pBabe puro and pBabe puro mMIP 1? was constructed, then pBabe puro mMIP 1? was used to transfect packaging cells, anti puromycin cells was proliferated, the supernatant was used to infect hepa1 6, the anti puromycin clone (hepa1 6 mMIP 1?) and hepa1 6 were analysed for the expression of mMIP 1? mRNA and protein by RT PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. The growth curve of hepa1 6 and hepa1 6 mMIP 1? was drawn. The chemotaxis of mMIP 1? produced by hepa1 6 mMIP 1? to mouse spleen cells was observed on agarose gel. C57B/L mouse was inoculated with the tumor cell and the tumorigenicity was studied. Results: Recombinant retrovirus vector pBabe puro mMIP 1? with mMIP 1? cDNA was constructed. Hepa1 6 did not produce mMIP 1? mRNA and protein, while hepa1 6 mMIP 1? could produce mMIP 1? mRNA and protein. The growth curve of hepa1 6 and hepa1 6 mMIP 1? showed no difference. The chemotaxis of mMIP 1? produced by hepa1 6 mMIP 1? to mouse spleen cells was observed. The tumorigenicity was reduced. Conclusion: A mouse hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa1 6 mMIP 1? is established and mMIP 1? can affect the tumorigenecity of hepa1 6.

CHANGE OF T LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN RATS BEARING BERH-2 HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND EFFECT OF IMMUNOTHERAPY ON TUMOR IN VIVO / 第二军医大学学报

In the present study, the changes of peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte subsets and the effects of different immunotherapies on tumor in BERH-2 hepatoma-bearing rats were investigated using an immunofluorescent staining method with mouse anti-rat T lymphocyte subsets monoclone antibodies and flow cytometry.The results.indicate that T lymphocyte subsets had an obvious disruption, maily Th subset decreasing and Ts subset increasing.And these changes were closely related with tumor growth and metastasis. Interferon (IFN), 5-fluouriamide (5-FU) and interleukin-2. (IL-2) had no marked inhibitory effect on tumor when, given respectively.However, the tumor invasion and metastasis were prevented and the disorder of T lymphocyte subsets was also improved by a combination of IFN, IL-2 and 5-FU.Immunochemotherapy (IC) has multiple effects against tumor, such as improvement of host immunity and direct killing and inhibition of tumor cells, and is a valuable antitumor therapy.

CLINICAL STUDY ON IMMUNOCHEMOTHERAPY OF HEPATOCEL-LULAR CARCINOMA / 第二军医大学学报

In the present study, 67 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)were treated with immunotherapy or immunochemotherapy .The results indicated that natural killer cell(NK)and antibody dependent cytotoxicity cell(ADCC)activitiesand lymphocyte transformation rate(LTR)were significantly improved in vivo after treatment .The NK activity in tumor tissue, which showed a heavy immunosuppression, could be also enhanced and recovered to normal level after treatment with lymp-hokine mixture and 5-fluouriamide(5-FU) .Immunity of host with postoperative immunochemotherapy was rapidly improved and recovery rate was higher,The survival time in these cases of unresectable tumors was obviously prolonged when a general immunotherapy was used only.Immunochemotherapy can improve immunity and inhibite selectively Ts cells as well as kill directly tumor cells.Especially, it can play an important role in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and in the prevention of its recurrence after operation.

MMUMOFLUORESCENT, ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CELLS INFILTRATING HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND PERITUMOUR LIVER TISSUES / 第二军医大学学报

In the present study, lymphocyte subpopulations, plasma cells and macrophages infiltrating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and peritumor liver tissues from 78 patients were identified and characterized using a specific immunofluorescent technique with anti-human T lymphocyte globulin(ATG), anti-human B lymphocyte globulin (ABG), antihuman IgG, IgM, IgA serum,and ?-naphthyl esterase staining method. The liver specimen from 9 patients with cirrhosis and 19 healthy persons were selected as control groups. Ultrastructural morphology was electromicroscopically observed sometime. The majority of cells infiltrating cancer tissue were T cells (74%) which selectively accumulated in the zone between cancer and noncancer liver tissue and arranged around cancer tissue in a row way. T cells might kill cancer cells in different ways. This results indicate that the local lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration is a specific immune reaction against HCC.

CHANGES OF SOME IMMUNE INDEXES AFTER RESECTION OF LIVER CANCER AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH TUMOR RECURRENCE / 第二军医大学学报

The changes of T lymphocyte subsets, NK, ADCC and lymphocyte transfer-mation rats were investigated by cytometry and rmcro-LDH releasing test in 67 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the relationship between host immunity change and tumor recurrence rate after operation was also further explored by general analysis of clinical follow-up information.The results indicated that host immunosuppression existing before became more severe two weeks after operation and gradually returned to the level before opjration or to normal level.Recovery of postoperatively immunosuppressive period and immune function condition of host after operation were closely correlated with HCC recurrence.Intensively immuno logic examination after operation can provide a valuable reference for finding high risk population with tumor recurrence and for perionnins a postoperative general immunotherapy against tumor recurrence at early stage.

LOCAL IMMUNE REACTION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE / 第二军医大学学报

In 78 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), the local immune response in cancerous tissue was investigated using immunofluorescent method with specific antisera and histochemical technique. In addition, analysis of clinical and postoperative follow-up information was also done to explore its clinical significance. The results indicate that the intensity of local immune response is closely correlated with clinical staging of HCC, tumour size, hepatic metastasis and cancerous thrombosis. The local immune response can represent the host immune function against HCC and directly influence the prognoss. It can provide a valuable reference for predicating the prognosis clinically and selecting correctly general immunotherapy after operation