Effects of high protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid in overweight and obese children: a Meta-analysis / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a high-protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid in overweight and obese children and provide evidence for their dietary management. Methods: This was a Meta-analysis. The randomized controlled trials on the effects of a high-protein diet on anthropometric indices and blood lipid in overweight and obese children published up to January 19, 2022 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and CNKI database, with the key words of "child" "adolescent" "obesity" "overweight" "pediatric obesity" "weight loss" "dietary protein" "dietary carbohydrate" "caloric restrict" both in English and Chinese. The quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the "risk of bias" assessment tool, which included bias from the randomization process, deviation from intended interventions, missing outcome data, measurement of the outcome and selection of the reported results. Moreover, calculated the pooled mean difference, perform heterogeneity test, and assess publication bias. Results: A total of 8 articles were selected from the retrieved 4 836 articles, all in English. The sample sizes ranged from 4 to 120. The analysis showed that the post-intervention body mass index (mean difference (MD)=-0.66, 95%CI -1.76-0.44), body mass index Z-scores (MD=-0.09, 95%CI-0.23-0.05), fat content percentage (MD=-1.07, 95%CI-2.88-0.74), high density lipoprotein (MD=0.02, 95%CI-0.02-0.06) and low density lipoprotein (MD=0.04, 95%CI-0.08-0.17) were not significantly different with those of the standard protein diet group, with P values being 0.240, 0.220, 0.250, 0.360 and 0.480, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that after excluding one study, the difference in body mass index between the short-term intervention group and control group was statistically significant (MD=-1.60, 95%CI-3.14--0.06, P=0.040). Conclusions: A short-term high-protein diet intervention seems to improve the body mass index status of overweight and obese children. Nevertheless, a high-protein diet does not affect any other selected anthropometric indices and blood lipids. More studies with large sample sizes, higher quality and comparable standard of high-protein diet are needed for further demonstration.

Effects of 1-deoxynojirimycin on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of mouse mesangial cells cultured in high glucose / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the effects of 1-deoxynojirimycin ( DNJ) on the proliferation and the synthesis of extracellular matrix ( ECM ) in mouse mesangial cells cultured in high glucose. Methods The mouse mesangial cell line was cultured.The proliferation of the cells was detected by MTT assay.The concentration of type Ⅳ collagen ( ColⅣ) and fibronectin ( FN) was examined with ELISA in cultured medium of mouse mesangial cells.The expression of the mRNA of TGF -β1 and PPARγwas detected by RT-PCR.The expression of the protein of TGF-β1 was detected by Western Blot. Results (1)High glucose significantly stimulated the proliferation of the cells treated for 48 h as compared to normal glucose group (NG) and mannitol group (MG) (P<0.05).Compared with NG and MG,the remarkable inhibition effect was observed by high glucose for 72 h and 96 h ( P <0 .05 ) .There was no significant difference between mannitol group ( MG ) and NG ( P >0.05 ) .( 2 ) DNJ significantly inhibited the proliferation of mouse mesangial cells cultured in high glucose.The effect of DNJ was time and dose-dependent.The further research was made in the cells treated with high glucose +5 mmol/L DNJ for 48 h. ( 3 ) High glucose increased the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA and PPARγmRNA and the synthesis of ColIV and FN ( P<0 .05 或P <0 .01 ) .There was no significant difference between MG and NG ( P >0.05).(4)DNJ could decrease the expression level of TGF-β1 mRNA and the synthesis of ColIV and FN of cells cultured in high glucose ( P <0.05 ) , while DNJ had no effect on increased expression level of PPARγmRNA of cells cultured in high glucose. Conclusion DNJ inhibits proliferation and ECM synthesis of mesangial cells cultured in high glucose, which may be mediated by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA.

Meta-analysis on the association of AGT M235T polymorphism and essential hypertension in Chinese population / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study on the association of M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene extron 2 (AGT/M235T) and essential hypertension (EH) in Chinese population by means of Meta-analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Odds ratios (OR) of AGT M235T genotype distributions in EH patients against healthy controls were analyzed. All the relevant studies were identified, poor-qualified studies eliminated, and the risk of publication bias excluded. The Meta-analysis software, REVMAN4.1, was applied for investigating heterogeneity among individual studies and summarizing the effects across studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 853 cases and 835 controls from 10 studies were included. No heterogeneity among the studies was noticed. The frequencies of the AGT TT, MT and MM genotypes were 65%, 30%, and 4.9% in cases and 50.6%, 41.8% and 7.5% in controls respectively. The frequencies of the AGT T allele were 80% in cases and 72% in controls. The pooled OR (with 95% CI) of TT vs MT + MM was 1.76 (1.44 - 2.16) (P < 0.000 01) with T vs M 1.54 (1.31 - 1.81). The pooled OR of MM vs MT + TT was 0.67 (0.45 - 1.00) (P = 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In Chinese population (mainly the Hans), TT genotype might be associated with the increased risk of EH while MM genotype be associated with low risk of EH.</p>