Circulating tumor cells in the diagnosis and treatment of early and advanced prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are tumor cells that escape from the primary or metastatic tumor into the circulatory system, and closely related to cancer metastasis. Since the samples can be obtained through simple and minimally invasive blood sampling operations, CTCs have a great clinical potential. PCa is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. In recent years, many scholars have conducted studies as to whether CTC technology can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of PCa, as well as for more accurate prediction of the risk of progression. This article summarizes the advances in researches relating CTC technology and the diagnosis and treatment of PCa. CTC detection has been developed from simple counting to phenotypic classification, and even to its combination with the determination of the expressions of specific genes (such as AR, AR-V7, etc.) and single-cell sequencing. Some reports showed that CTC technology has a certain significance in the early diagnosis of PCa, but its main value is demonstrated in drug sensitivity and prognosis evaluation in the late stage of the malignancy. The standardized detection methods and reference values of CTCs in PCa will be important research orientations in the near future.

Research on Ralation of Long Non-coding RNA with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas -Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for approximately 30% of the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. The underlying molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis is not well defined and the survival rate of DLBCL patients is very low. Moreover, the annual incidence and mortality of DLBCL is still rising. Accordingly, identification and characterization of new molecular pathways of DLBCL will lead to the development of novel diagnostic markers and molecular therapeutic targets. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNA) are non-coding RNAs with a length greater than 200 bp in eukaryotic cells, which can regulate the expression of their target genes at the transcriptional and post transcriptional levels. The function of LncRNAs is involved in the initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis of many cancers. Recently, the role of LncRNAs in DLBCL has been identified and intensely studied. This review summarizes the recent discoveries in the expression and function of LncRNAs including HULC,PEG10,LincRNA-p21,HOTAIR,LUNAR1,MALAT1 and SubSigLnc-17 in DLBCL, so as to find potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for DLBCL.