Dual-responsive supramolecular photodynamic nanomedicine with activatable immunomodulation for enhanced antitumor therapy

A major challenge facing photodynamic therapy (PDT) is that the activity of the immune-induced infiltrating CD8+ T cells is subject to the regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), leaving the tumor at risk of recurrence and metastasis after the initial ablation. To augment the antitumor response and reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), a supramolecular photodynamic nanoparticle (DACss) is constructed by the host-guest interaction between demethylcantharidin-conjugated β-cyclodextrin (DMC-CD) and amantadine-terminated disulfide-conjugated FFVLGGGC peptide with chlorin e6 decoration (Ad-ss-pep-Ce6) to achieve intelligent delivery of photosensitizer and immunomodulator for breast cancer treatment. The acid-labile β-carboxamide bond of DMC-CD is hydrolyzed in response to the acidic TME, resulting in the localized release of DMC and subsequent inhibition of Tregs. The guest molecule Ad-ss-pep-Ce6 can be cleaved by a high level of intracellular GSH, reducing photosensitizer toxicity and increasing photosensitizer retention in the tumor. With a significant increase in the CTL/Treg ratio, the combination of Ce6-based PDT and DMC-mediated immunomodulation adequately achieved spatiotemporal regulation and remodeling of the TME, as well as improved primary tumor and in situ lung metastasis suppression with the aid of PD-1 antibody.

Golgi Transport 1A Promotes Cell Proliferation and Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression level of Golgi transport 1A （GOLT1A） in thyroid carcinoma and its effects on the proliferation， migration， invasion， and epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of thyroid carcinoma cells. MethodsThe expression of GOLT1A in thyroid carcinoma was analyzed online by tumor immune estimation resource （TIMER）， the University of Alabama at Birmingham cancer data analysis portal （UALCAN）， gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2 （GEPIA2）. The expression level of GOLT1A in thyroid carcinoma cells was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （RTFQ-PCR） and western blot. Cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， colony formation assay， and transwell assay were used to detect the effects of GOLT1A expression on the proliferation， migration， and invasion of thyroid carcinoma cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the effect of GOLT1A on the expression of EMT-related genes including E-cadherin， vimentin， and N-cadherin. ResultsThe online analysis of GEPIA2， TIMER， and UALCAN showed that the expression of GOLT1A was higher in thyroid carcinoma than in normal tissues， and the expression of GOLT1A in thyroid carcinoma cells was significantly higher than in normal control cells. Knockdown of GOLT1A inhibited TPC1 cell proliferation， migration， and invasion. The expression of E-cadherin increased and the expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin decreased in GOLT1A knockdown TPC1 cells. Overexpression of GOLT1A promoted BCPAP cell proliferation， migration， and invasion. The expression of E-cadherin decreased and the expressions of N-cadherin and vimentin increased in GOLT1A overexpression BCPAP cells. ConclusionGOLT1A is highly expressed in thyroid carcinoma and can promote the proliferation， migration， and invasion of thyroid carcinoma cells.

The effect of virtual reality technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual reality (VR) technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus. Methods: A total of 200 children with concomitant exotropia or concomitant esotropia were randomly divided into a training group and a control group according to the single even number random method (100 cases in each group). Patients in the training group received VR intervention training within 1 week after surgery. Patients in the control group did not receive any training. Results: Six months after the surgery, the orthophoria (the far or near strabismus degree was ?8?) rate was significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.001), while the eye position regression rate (compared to the strabismus degree within 1 week after the surgery, the amount of regression >10?) was significantly lower in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.001). Six months after the surgery, the number of children with simultaneous vision and remote stereovision was significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.017 and 0.002, respectively). The differences in the number of patients with peripheral stereopsis, macular stereopsis, and stereopsis in macular fovea centralis at 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery between the training and the control groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.916, 0.274, and 0.302, respectively). Conclusion: The intervention of VR technology after strabismus correction effectively improved children’s visual function and maintained their eye position

Recent advances of antiviral drugs based on multispecific binding strategy / 药学学报

To address the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains of viruses and the outbreaks of novel virus infections, developing new antiviral drugs based on novel strategies has become an important and urgent research topic. In recent years, the rapidly developing multi-specific binding strategy has become a focus and been widely applied in antiviral. This review summarizes the recent progress of the multi-specific binding strategy in the antiviral field from the perspective of medicinal chemistry and discusses existing challenges as well as future opportunities for antiviral drug discovery.

Learning curve and feasibility study of percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale guided solely by transthoracic echocardiography / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To study the learning curve of percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) occlusion guided solely by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), as well as the success rate and safety of the learning curve.Methods:To retrospectively analyze these patients with indications for PFO occlusion admitted in our department from April 2021 to April 2022, and obtained 100 samples the author's initial cases guided solely by TTE, including 25 men and 75 women, with a mean age of (48.22±10.44) years old.Analyze preoperative baseline data: gender, age, height, weight, body mass index, the tunnel length and size of the PFO measured by transesophageal echocardiography, the grade of contrast-transcranial doppler test, combined atrial septal aneurysm, etc.Operation time, success rate, and complications were analyzed in all patients.Results:With the accumulation of cases, the operation time gradually shortened, accumulated to about 50 cases, the operation time has significantly shortened ( P<0.05), and the learning curve was leveled off after 50 cases ( P<0.05), there was statistical difference.The comparison of the success rate and complication of cases within the learning curve and those after completing the learning curve was no statistical significance( P>0.05). Conclusion:The learning curve of percutaneousc closure of patent foramen ovale guided solely by TTE is long, requiring about 50 cases to complete the learning curve. The success rate and safety of the learning curve are high. This procedure is worth popularizing.

Expert consensus on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for elderly patients with hip fractures (version 2023) / 中华创伤杂志

Hip fractures are among the most common fractures in the elderly, presenting to be a leading cause of disability and mortality. Surgical treatment is currently the main treatment method for hip fractures. The incidence of perioperative malnutrition is increased after hip fractures in the elderly due to the comorbidities, decreased basal metabolic rate, accelerated protein breakdown, weakened anabolism and surgical stress. However, malnutrition not only increases the incidence of postoperative complications, but also leads to increased mortality, indicating an important role of perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. At present, there still lacks scientific guidance and application standards on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. Therefore, the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association and the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Expert consensus on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for elderly patients with hip fractures ( version 2023) according to evidence-based medical evidences and their clinical experiences. Fourteen recommendations were made from aspects of nutrition screening, nutrition assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention and nutrition monitoring to provide guidance for perioperative nursing management of nutrition in elderly patients with hip fractures.

Effects of hospital elderly life program to prevent the ICU-acquired delirium and weakness in patients after cardiac surgery / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the applications value of hospital elderly life program in cardiac surgery patients in intensive care unit, and provide reference for improving the prognosis of patients.Methods:This was a prospective study. A total of 84 cardiac surgery patients in intensive care unit from April 2020 to February 2022 in the People′s Hospital of Leshan by convenient sampling method, they were enrolled and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the admission time, each group was 42 cases. Routine nursing care was carried out in both groups, the control group implemented delirium and debility prevention nursing, the observation group adopted hospital elderly life program. The incidence of ICU-acquired delirium and weakness, mechanical ventilation time, duration of ICU stay, the total length of stay and intensive care experience were assessed between the two groups.Results:The 42 cases were included in the final control group and 39 cases in the observation group. The incidence of ICU-acquired delirium and weakness were 17.95% (7/39) and 7.69% (3/39) in the observation group, lower than in the control group 38.10%(16/42) and 23.81%(10/42), the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.04, 3.90, both P<0.05); the duration of ICU delirium were (1.71 ± 0.95) d in the observation group, shorter than in the control group (2.81 ± 1.05) d, the difference was statistically significant ( t = 2.38, P<0.05); the mechanical ventilation time, duration of ICU stay, the total length of stay, the total score of intensive care experience in hospital in the observation group were (193.54 ± 21.67) h, (9.49 ± 2.11) d, (18.10 ± 3.12) d, (2.72 ± 0.26) points, lower than those in the control group (214.50 ± 27.25) h, (10.90 ± 1.97) d, (20.59 ± 4.07) d, (3.15 ± 0.35) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 3.11-6.35, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Hospital elderly life program can decrease the incidence of ICU-acquired delirium and weakness of cardiac surgery patients in intensive care unit, shorten mechanical ventilation time and hospitalization time, alleviate discomfort in the intensive care experience.

Sodium butyrate activates HMGCS2 to promote ketone body production through SIRT5-mediated desuccinylation / 医学前沿

Ketone bodies have beneficial metabolic activities, and the induction of plasma ketone bodies is a health promotion strategy. Dietary supplementation of sodium butyrate (SB) is an effective approach in the induction of plasma ketone bodies. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms are unknown. In this study, SB was found to enhance the catalytic activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), a rate-limiting enzyme in ketogenesis, to promote ketone body production in hepatocytes. SB administrated by gavage or intraperitoneal injection significantly induced blood ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in mice. BHB production was induced in the primary hepatocytes by SB. Protein succinylation was altered by SB in the liver tissues with down-regulation in 58 proteins and up-regulation in 26 proteins in the proteomics analysis. However, the alteration was mostly observed in mitochondrial proteins with 41% down- and 65% up-regulation, respectively. Succinylation status of HMGCS2 protein was altered by a reduction at two sites (K221 and K358) without a change in the protein level. The SB effect was significantly reduced by a SIRT5 inhibitor and in Sirt5-KO mice. The data suggests that SB activated HMGCS2 through SIRT5-mediated desuccinylation for ketone body production by the liver. The effect was not associated with an elevation in NAD+/NADH ratio according to our metabolomics analysis. The data provide a novel molecular mechanism for SB activity in the induction of ketone body production.

Effects of DNMT3A on mouse cardiac fibroblast proliferation and migration under high glucose environment / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) on the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in C57 mice under high glucose environment. Methods The hearts of C57 mice were taken from 1 to 3 days. After cutting and digesting, CFs were extracted by differential adherance centrifugattion and observed under microscope. After cell attachment, the cells were cultured under low glucose (5.5 mmol • L

Effects of AR on proliferation and lipid synthesis of myocardial fibroblasts in high glucose environment / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the effect of androgen receptor AR on the proliferation and lipid synthesis of cardiac fibroblasts under high-glucose conditions and the possible molecular mechanism.Methods The hearts of neonatal rats were dissected for primary culture of cardiac fibroblasts. Then the growth status of CFs was observed under the inverted microscope, and the identification of CFs was performed by immunofluorescence staining using anti-vimentin. After cell adherence, the cells were divided into blank control group, high glucose model group, negative control group, and overexpressed AR group. The glucose concentration was 33.0 mmol·L-1 except that the blank control group was 5.5 mmol·L-1. After 24 hours of CFs culture, Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of AR, FASN, PCNA, cyclin D1, α-SMA, and collagen . Oil red O and CCK-8 were used to detect the changes in lipid synthesis and cell proliferation ability, respectively.Results Compared with the blank control group, the lipid synthesis and proliferation of CFs in the high glucose model group were enhanced. Western blot and RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of AR decreased, while the expression of fat lipid synthase(FASN), proliferation marker PCNA, cyclin D1 and fibrosis marker α-SMA and collagen increased. After AR overexpressed plasmid was transfected into the CFs treated by high glucose, AR overexpression markedly decreased the expression of FASN, PCNA, cyclin D1, α-SMA and collagen compared with the empty plasmid‐transfected group. Meanwhile, oil red O staining and CCK-8 results showed that the lipid synthesis and proliferation ability of the overexpressed AR group decreased compared with the empty vector group, respectively. Conclusions High glucose promotes the proliferation and lipid synthesis of cardiac fibroblasts. Besides, the mechanism may be related to the regulation of lipid synthesis regulated by AR.

Changes of uterine morphology and endometrial T2 signal intensity in the fibrotic repair secondary to endometrial injury / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To investigate the value of uterine morphological parameters and endometrial T2 signal intensity (T2-SI) in evaluating the degree of the fibrotic repair secondary to endometrial injury. Methods: From Sep. 2018 to Feb. 2023, this study prospectively enrolled 29 patients with fibrotic repair secondary to severe endometrial injury (severe group), 17 patients with fibrotic repair secondary to mild to moderate endometrial injury (mild to moderate group), and 40 healthy women of reproductive age (control group) in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. The length of uterine cavity (LUC), length of cervix and isthmus (LCI), width of upper uterine cavity (WUUC) and width of lower uterine cavity (WLUC) were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. T2-SI of endometrium and subcutaneous fat of buttocks were measured, and endometrial normalized T2-SI (nT2-SI; T2-SI of endometrium/T2-SI of subcutaneous fat of buttocks) was calculated. Statistical analyses of data were performed using one-way analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test, intraclass correlation coefficient, Spearman rho test, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: LUC, WUUC, WLUC and endometrial nT2-SI of severe group [(19.7±3.5) mm, (26.9±6.4) mm, (7.9±1.4) mm, 0.73±0.11, respectively] were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.01), while LCI and WUUC/LUC [(51.3±7.3) mm and 1.38±0.34] were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.001). LUC and WLUC of severe group were significantly lower than those of mild to moderate group [(32.4±5.1) mm and (8.8±1.2) mm; all P<0.05], while LCI and WUUC/LUC were significantly higher than those of mild to moderate group [(41.8±8.6) mm and 0.94±0.16; all P<0.001]. LUC and endometrial nT2-SI of mild to moderate group were significantly lower than those of the control group [ (32.4±5.1) vs (35.3±3.5) mm, 0.68±0.13 vs 0.80±0.12; all P<0.01]. LUC, WUUC, WLUC and endometrial nT2-SI were significantly negatively correlated to the degree of the fibrotic repair secondary to endometrial injury (Spearman rho:-0.794, -0.441, -0.471 and -0.316, respectively; all P<0.05), while LCI and WUUC/LUC were significantly positively correlated to the degree of the fibrotic repair secondary to endometrial injury (Spearman rho: 0.481 and 0.674, respectively; all P<0.05). LUC and WUUC/LUC showed high value in distinguishing severe group from the control group or mild to moderate group (all AUC>0.9, all P<0.001). Conclusion: As noninvasive and quantitative biomarkers, uterine morphological parameters and endometrial nT2-SI could evaluate the degree of the fibrotic repair secondary to endometrial injury.

Hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles carrying ISRIB for the sensitized photothermal therapy of breast cancer and brain metastases through inhibiting stress granule formation and reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages

As known, the benefits of photothermal therapy (PTT) are greatly limited by the heat tolerance of cancer cells resulting from overexpressed heat shock proteins (HSPs). Then HSPs further trigger the formation of stress granules (SGs) that regulate protein expression and cell viability under various stress conditions. Inhibition of SG formation can sensitize tumor cells to PTT. Herein, we developed PEGylated pH (low) insertion peptide (PEG-pHLIP)-modified hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles (HCuS NPs) encapsulating the SG inhibitor ISRIB, with the phase-change material lauric acid (LA) as a gate-keeper, to construct a pH-driven and NIR photo-responsive controlled smart drug delivery system (IL@H-PP). The nanomedicine could specifically target slightly acidic tumor sites. Upon irradiation, IL@H-PP realized PTT, and the light-controlled release of ISRIB could effectively inhibit the formation of PTT-induced SG to sensitize tumor cells to PTT, thereby increasing the antitumor effect and inducing potent immunogenic cell death (ICD). Moreover, IL@H-PP could promote the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), repolarizing them towards the M1 phenotype and remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment. In vitro/vivo results revealed the potential of PTT combined with SG inhibitors, which provides a new paradigm for antitumor and anti-metastases.

Targeted trace ingredients coupled with chemometric analysis for consistency evaluation of Panax notoginseng saponins injectable formulations / 中国天然药物

Evaluating the consistency of herb injectable formulations could improve their product quality and clinical safety, particularly concerning the composition and content levels of trace ingredients. Panax notoginseng Saponins Injection (PNSI), widely used in China for treating acute cardiovascular diseases, contains low-abundance (10%-25%) and trace saponins in addition to its five main constituents (notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, and ginsenoside Rd). This study aimed to establish a robust analytical method and assess the variability in trace saponin levels within PNSI from different vendors and formulation types. To achieve this, a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method employing multiple ions monitoring (MIM) was developed. A "post-column valve switching" strategy was implemented to eliminate highly abundant peaks (NR1, Rg1, and Re) at 26 min. A total of 51 saponins in PNSI were quantified or relatively quantified using 18 saponin standards, with digoxin as the internal standard. This study evaluated 119 batches of PNSI from seven vendors, revealing significant variability in trace saponin levels among different vendors and formulation types. These findings highlight the importance of consistent content in low-abundance and trace saponins to ensure product control and clinical safety. Standardization of these ingredients is crucial for maintaining the quality and effectiveness of PNSI in treating acute cardiovascular diseases.

Research on the mechanism of mechanical ventilation induced endoplasmic reticulum stress promoting mechanical ventilation-induced pulmonary fibrosis / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To demonstrate the mechanism of mechanical ventilation (MV) induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) promoting mechanical ventilation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (MVPF), and to clarify the role of angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1R) during the process.@*METHODS@#The C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group, MV group, AT1R-shRNA group and MV+AT1R-shRNA group, with 6 mice in each group. The MV group and MV+AT1R-shRNA group mechanically ventilated for 2 hours after endotracheal intubation to establish MVPF animal model (parameter settings: respiratory rate 70 times/minutes, tidal volume 20 mL/kg, inhated oxygen concentration 0.21). The Sham group and AT1R-shRNA group only underwent intubation after anesthesia and maintained spontaneous breathing. AT1R-shRNA group and MV+AT1R-shRNA group were airway injected with the adeno-associated virus one month before modeling to inhibit AT1R gene expression in lung tissue. The expressions of AT1R, ERS signature proteins [immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BIP), protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)], fibrosis signature proteins [collagen I (COL1A1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)] in lung tissues were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate lung injury and Masson staining was used to evaluate pulmonary fibrosis.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the Sham group, the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and lung injury were more significant in the MV group. In the MV group, the protein expressions of AT1R, BIP, PDI, COL1A1 and α-SMA were increased (AT1R/β-actin: 1.40±0.02 vs. 1, BIP/β-actin: 2.79±0.07 vs. 1, PDI/β-actin: 2.07±0.02 vs. 1, COL1A1/α-Tubulin: 2.60±0.15 vs. 1, α-SMA/α-Tubulin: 2.80±0.25 vs. 1, all P < 0.01). The number of E-cad+/AT1R+ and E-cad+/BIP+ cells in lung tissue increased, and the fluorescence intensity of COL1A1 and α-SMA increased. Compared with the MV group, the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and lung injury were significantly relieved in the MV+AT1R-shRNA group. In the MV+AT1R-shRNA group, the protein expressions of AT1R, BIP, PDI, COL1A1 and α-SMA were decreased (AT1R/β-actin: 0.53±0.03 vs. 1.40±0.02, BIP/β-actin: 1.73±0.15 vs. 2.79±0.07, PDI/β-actin: 1.04±0.07 vs. 2.07±0.02, COL1A1/α-Tubulin: 1.29±0.11 vs. 2.60±0.15, α-SMA/α-Tubulin: 1.27±0.10 vs. 2.80±0.25, all P < 0.01). The number of E-cad+/AT1R+ and E-cad+/BIP+ cells in lung tissue decreased, and the fluorescence intensity of COL1A1 and α-SMA decreased. There was no statistically significant difference in the indicators between AT1R-shRNA group and Sham group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#MV up-regulate the expression of AT1R in alveolar epithelial cells, activate the AT1R pathway, induce ERS and promote the progression of MVPF.

An epidemiological investigation on vaccine-hypervariable poliovirus in a case with acute flaccid paralysis in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Abstract@#Vaccine-hypervariable poliovirus type Ⅲ was detected in an acute flaccid paralysis infant at age of 6 months in Zhejiang Province in June, 2021, and the isolated and incubated virus had six nucleotide variations in the VP1 region as compared to the poliovirus Sabin vaccine strain. The infant had a history of three-dose poliovirus vaccination, and grade 2 muscle strength of the left upper limb upon onset. He was clinically diagnosed with cellulitis of the left shoulder, and recovered to normal following treatment. No abnormality was detected in the nervous system, and the infant was cured and discharged from hospital. No vaccine-hypervariable poliovirus was detected in subsequent infant' clinical samples or in close contacts, and no similar cases were identified during the active case detection by county/district medical institutions and among community populations. Since the infant did not present poliomyelitis-related clinical symptoms caused by vaccine-hypervariable poliovirus, poliomyelitis was excluded. The vaccine-hypervariable poliovirus was not spread because of timely identification and effective responses, suggesting the urgent need to maintain the sensitivity of the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system and improve the coverage of poliovirus vaccination, so as to inhibit the transmission of poliovirus.

The Intrinsic Relation between the Hydrogel Structure and In Vivo Performance of Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Fillers: A Comparative Study of Four Typical Dermal Fillers

BACKGROUND@#Hyaluronic acid dermal fillers are composed of cross-linked viscoelastic particles with high biocompatibility. The performance of the fillers is determined by the viscoelastic properties of particles and the connecting force between particles. However, the relationships among the properties of fillers, the interaction of the gels and the surrounding tissue are not clear enough.METHOD: Four kinds of typical dermal filler were selected in this research to reveal the interaction between the gels and cells. A series of analytical tools was applied to characterize the structure and physicochemical properties of the gel, as well as observing their interaction with the surrounding tissues in vivo and discussing their internal mechanism.RESULT: The large particles internal the gel and the high rheological properties endow the Restylane2 with excellent support. However, these large-size particles have a significant impact on the metabolism of the local tissue surrounding the gel. Juvéderm3 present gel integrity with the high cohesiveness and superior support. The rational matching of large and small particles provides the Juvéderm3 with supporting capacity and excellent biological performance. Ifresh is characterized by small-size particles, moderate cohesiveness, good integrity, lower viscoelasticity and the superior cellular activity located the surrounding tissues. Cryohyaluron has high cohesion and medium particle size and it is prominent in cell behaviors involving localized tissues. Specific macroporous structure in the gel may facilitate the nutrients delivering and removing the waste. @*CONCLUSION@#It’s necessary to make the filler both sufficient support and biocompatibility through the rational matching of particle sizes and rheological properties. Gels with macroporous structured particle showed an advantage in this area by providing a space inside the particle.

Trend in incidence of stroke in Nanshan District from 2010 to 2021 / 预防医学

Objective@# To establish a comprehensive health evaluation index system for HIV-infected pregnant women in floating populations, so as to support the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. @*Methods@# The preliminary framework of the comprehensive health evaluation indicators was constructed based on literature review and focus group discussion. Experts from maternal and child healthcare, clinical medicine and public health were invited to participate in two-round Delphi consultations. The indicators were scored and weighed according to the importance, priority and measurability, and determined according to means and coefficients of variation of scores. The effectiveness of the consultation was evaluated by positive coefficient, authority coefficient and coordination coefficient.@*Results@# Twenty-six experts participated in this study, including 19 women. There were 5 experts aged 30-40 years, 14 experts aged 41-50 years, and 7 experts aged 51 years and over. There were 17 experts with a master degree and above. All experts had vice senior professional titles and above. The positive coefficients in the two rounds of consultations were 96.30% and 100.00%, the authority coefficients were 0.84 and 0.89, respectively. Finally, 4 primary indicators (individuals and families, disease factors, social environment, health service utilization) and 50 secondary indicators were identified, with the coefficients of variation ranging from 0.084 to 0.236 and the coordination coefficients ranging from 0.282 to 0.405 (all P<0.001). Among the secondary indicators, getting antiviral drugs at the place of residence was restricted to floating populations or not (0.780), HIV viral load during pregnancy (0.750), the registration of maternal and childbirth care manuals at the place of residence was restricted to floating populations or not (0.749), and first-trimester registration or not (0.738) had a high weight. @*Conclusion @#This index system can provide the reference for evaluating the health equity of HIV-infected pregnant and lying-in women in floating populations.

Comparison of visual quality after refractive surgery between smart pulse technology-assisted transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy of 1 050Hz ablation frequency and small incision lenticule extraction / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the visual quality between smart pulse technology-assisted(SPT)transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy(TransPRK)of 1 050Hz ablation frequency and small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)for myopia and astigmatism.METHODS: A total of 138 cases(248 eyes)who received corneal refractive surgery in the Eye Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM were enrolled from July 2020 to January 2021. The patients were divided into TransPRK group(64 cases, 123 eyes)and SMILE group(74 cases, 125 eyes)according to the surgical method. The follow-up duration was 6mo. Strehl ratio(SR)and high-order aberration at 6mm pupil diameter measured by Sirius anterior segment integrated analyzer and LogMAR visual acuity were recorded at different preoperative and postoperative time points.RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA)of TransPRK group was worse than SMILE group at 1wk and 1mo after surgery(all P<0.05), but UCVA was better in TransPRK group at 6mo after surgery(P<0.05). SR in TransPRK group was lower than that in SMILE group at 1wk and 1mo after surgery(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in SR between the two groups at 3 and 6mo after surgery(P=0.968, 0.433). At 1wk after surgery, there was no significant difference in coma between the two groups(P=0.554). At 1, 3, and 6mo after surgery, coma in the TransPRK group was lower than that in SMILE group(all P<0.05). At 1wk, 1 and 3mo after surgery, the trefoil aberration in TransPRK group was higher than that in SMILE group(all P<0.05). At 6mo after surgery, there was no significant difference in trefoil aberration between the two groups(P=0.167). At 6mo after surgery, UCVA of TransPRK group and SMILE group were -0.13±0.05 and -0.11±0.08, respectively, which were better than the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)before surgery(-0.07±0.05 and -0.07±0.05; all P<0.05). Furthermore, the SR of both groups was higher than that before surgery(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Both SPT-assisted TransPRK of 1 050Hz ablation frequency and SMILE can achieve better visual acuity after refractive surgery, while SMILE has better visual quality at 1wk and 1mo after surgery. However, SPT-assisted TransPRK of 1 050Hz ablation frequency has better visual acuity at 6mo after surgery than SMILE, and the coma is smaller.

Water tank scale: a reliable method for assessing motor function after spinal cord injury in rats / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the reliability of the Water Tank Scale for assessing recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.@*METHODS@#Thirty-six adult female SD rats were randomly divided into SCI and sham-operated groups (n= 18). The recovery of the hind limb motor function was assessed using Water Tank scoring, BBB scoring, and motor-evoked potentials (MEP) at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after SCI. MEP was used as the gold standard for analyzing and comparing differences between the two scoring methods.@*RESULTS@#The Water Tank scores of the rats were significantly higher than the BBB scores on day 3 (0.22±0.43 vs 0, P < 0.05) and also on days 5, 7 and 14 after SCI (0.67±0.49 vs 0.11±0.32, 4.33±1.19 vs 2.83±1.04, 8.61± 1.20 vs 7.06±1.0, P < 0.01). On day 21 after SCI, the scores of the Water Tank Scale of the rats did not significantly differ from the BBB scores (14.78±1.06 vs 14.50±1.47, P>0.05). Neurophysiological monitoring showed that both the Water Tank score and BBB score were significantly correlated with MEP latency, but the Water Tank score had a greater correlation coefficient with MEP latency (r=-0.90).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with the BBB scale, Water Tank scoring allows more objective and accurate assessment of functional recovery of the spinal cord in early stages following SCI in rats, and can thus be used as a reliable method for assessing functional recovery of the hind limbs in rat models of acute SCI.

Effects of stereoscopic traction on photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and quality of Codonopsis pilosula under organic cultivation / 中国中药杂志

To solve the serious problem of stem and leaf shading in the middle and late stage of traditional flat planting of Codonopsis pilosula, this study analyzed the effects of different stereoscopic traction heights on the photosynthetic characteristics and growth of C. pilosula and explored the optimal traction height to improve the yield and quality of C. pilosula. The experiment designed three stereo-scopic traction heights [H1(60 cm), H2(90 cm), and H3(120 cm)] with natural growth without traction as the control(CK). The results showed that the increase in stereoscopic traction heights broadened the growth space of stems and leaves of C. pilosula, enhanced the ventilation effect, significantly increased the average daily net photosynthetic rate of C. pilosula, promoted the absorption of intercellular CO_2, decreased the transpiration rate, and reduced the evaporation of water. Moreover, it effectively avoided the problem of weakened photosynthesis, maintained the carbon balance of individual plants, and promoted the growth and development of the C. pilosula roots. In terms of the seed yield of C. pilosula, it was ranked as H2>H1>H3>CK. To be specific, H1 increased by 213.41% compared with CK, H2 increased by 282.43% compared with CK, and H3 increased by 133.95% compared with CK. The yield and quality of C. pilosula were the highest in the H3 treatment group, with the fresh yield of 6 858.33 kg·hm~(-2), 50.59% higher than CK, dry yield of 2 398.33 kg·hm~(-2), 76.54% higher than CK, and lobetyolin content of 0.56 mg·g~(-1), 45.22% higher than CK. Therefore, the stereoscopic traction height has a great influence on the photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and quality of C. pilosula. Particularly, the yield and quality of C. pilosula can be optimized and improved in the traction height treatment of H3(120 cm). This planting method is worth popularizing and applying in the cultivated management of C. pilosula.