Effect of glucocorticoid on the expression of PGC-1α mRNA in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of obese rats fed with high-fat diet / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to examine PGC-1α mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of rats. The results showed that the expression levels of PGC-1α mRNA in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of obese rats were lower than those of the normal ones (all P<0.01). After high dose glucocorticoid treatment, the levels of PGC-1α mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, both in normal and obese rats, were decreased significantly.

Results of combined therapy for 1260 patients with small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of combined modality treatment and determine the prognostic factors for small cell lung cancer (SCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1974 to December 1995, 1260 patients with SCLC treated were retrospectively evaluated, with limited lesions in 732 patients, extensive lesions in 500 and stage unrecorded in 28. 553 patients were alloted into chemotherapy + radiotherapy (C + R) group, 355 into C + R + C group, 97 into R + C group, 126 into C group, 64 into R group and 65 into surgery (S + C + R) group. Patients with limited lesions received 2 - 4 cycles of chemotherapy including COMC, COMP, COMVP and CE-CAP. Radiotherapy was given to a dose of 40 - 70 Gy/4 - 7 w. Radiation portals for patients with limited lesions encompassed the primary tumor, hilar lymphatic drainage areas, partial mediastinum and bilateral supraclavicular regions. Patients with extensive lesions mainly received chemotherapy with or without palliative irradiation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall CR and PR rates were 26.7% and 52.3%. Local recurrence and distant metastasis rates were 58.8% and 61.5%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 50.2%, 14.7% and 11.7%, with median survival time of 12 months. The era, sex, age, tumor stage and treatment modality were all significant prognostic factors by both uni-variate and multi-variate analyses (P < 0.05). The result of S + C + R rated the best among these modalities and the result of C + R + C was superior to C + R, though the difference of which was not significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surgical resection should be considered as one part of comprehensive therapy for small cell lung cancer patients with limited lesions whenever possible. On top of routine chemotherapy early administration of radiotherapy is advisable.</p>

Clinical value of prophylactic radiotherapy after curative resection of esophageal carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical value of prophylactic radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma after curative operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>495 esophageal squamous cell cancer patients who had undergone radical resection were randomized by the envelope method into a surgery alone group (S, 275) and a surgery plus radiotherapy group (S + R, 220). Radiation treatment was started 3 - 4 weeks after operation. The portals encompassed the whole mediastinum and bilateral supraclavicular areas. A mid-plane dose of 50 approximately 60 Gy in 20 approximately 30 fractions over 5 approximately 6 weeks was delivered.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1. Survival rate: the overall 5-year survival rate was 39.4%. Those of S alone and S + R groups were 37.1% and 41.3% (P = 0.447 4). The 5-year survival rate for Stage III patients were 13.1% in S alone group and 35.1% in R + S group (P = 0.002 7), 2. Pattern of failure: The incidence of local recurrence intra-thoracic lymph node metastasis, anastomotic recurrence and extra-thoracic lymph node metastasis in S + R group (16.2%, 0.5% and 3.1%) were lower than those (25.9%, 5.8% and 13.2%) (P < 0.05) in S alone group and 3.</p><p><b>COMPLICATIONS</b>the anastomotic stricture frequencies were similar in the two groups (S 1.8%; S + R 4.1%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>1. Prophylactic radiotherapy is able to improve the survival rate of stage III patients treated by radical resection, 2. Postoperative radiotherapy is able to reduce the incidence of failure by recurrence in the intra-thoracic lymph nodes and anastomotic recurrence to where radiation therapy had been given, 3. Postoperative radiotherapy does not increase the incidence of anastomotic stricture.</p>

Fractionated stereotatic radiotherapy for 50 patients with recurrent and residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of fractionated stereotatic radiation therapy (FSRT)(X knife) as a boost for recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at the primary focus. Methods From Sept.20, 1995 to Dec.30,1998, 50 such patients were treated by FSRT with 6 MV photons. The total FSRT dose was 24～30?Gy prescribed at 1～4 centers on the 60%～90% isodose curves normalized to isocenter by multifractions of fraction size 6～8?Gy, 12,15?Gy, with interfraction duration of 4～6 days. Results CR 38/50 (76%), PR 9/50 (18%) and in evaluated 3/50 (6%). Total survivals(Kaplan meier):1 yr 83.6%, 2 yr 65.0% and 3 yr 59.6% . Conclusion Fractionated stereotatic radiotherapy (FSRT) is strongly indicated for recurrent or residual NPC at the primary focus.

VALUE OF RADIOTHERAPY AFTER EXPLORED OPERATION FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

The prognosis is very poor for the patients with advanced esophageal cancer proved by explored operation.There was not concurrent for the value of radiotherapy after explored operation.A series of 104 patients with explored operation alone and 155 patients with radiotherapy before or after explored operation were analyzed to evaluation the value of postoperetive radiotherapy. The results showed: (1) Postoperative radiotherapy was effective for the patients with advanced esophageal cancer after explored operation.The average survival/mean survival and 1～5 years survival were higher in the patients with postoperative radiotherapy than in those of operation alone. (2) ≥6000cGy groupe was better than