Micro-computed tomography evaluation of the effects of orthodontic force on immature maxillary first molars and alveolar bone mineral density of Sprague–Dawley rats / 대한치과교정학회지

Objective@#To investigate changes in the immature teeth of Sprague–Dawley rats during orthodontic treatment and to explore the changes in the peri-radicular alveolar bone through micro-computed tomography (CT). @*Methods@#Twenty-five 26-day-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were included. The maxillary left first molar was moved mesially under a continuous force of 30 cN, and the right first molar served as the control. After orthodontic treatment for 7, 14, 21, 28, and 42 days, the root length, tooth volume, and alveolar bone mineral density (BMD) around the mesial root were measured through micro-CT. @*Results@#The immature teeth continued to elongate after application of orthodontic force. The root length on the force side was significantly smaller than that on the control side, whereas the differences in the volume change between both sides were not statistically significant. Alveolar bone in the coronal part of the compression and tension sides showed no difference in BMD between the experimental and control groups. The BMD of the experimental group decreased from day 14 to day 42 in the apical part of the compression side and increased from day 7 to day 42 in the apical part of the tension side. The BMD of the experimental group decreased in the root apex part on day 7. @*Conclusions@#The root length and volume of immature teeth showed continued development under orthodontic forces. Alveolar bone resorption was observed on the compression side, and bone formation was observed on the tension side.

Short-term efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the short-term efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods    The clinical data of 11 male patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent pembrolizumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from December 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of the patients was 52.0-79.0 (62.0±6.9) years. The imaging data and pathological changes before and after neoadjuvant treatment were compared, and adverse reactions during neoadjuvant treatment were recorded. Objective remission rate (ORR) and main pathological remission rate (MPR) and pathological complete remission rate (pCR) were the main observation endpoints. Results    After preoperative neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab combined with platinum or paclitaxel, all patients successfully underwent thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer. The ORR was 72.7%, and the MPR was 81.8%. Among them, 45.5% of patients achieved pCR. The main adverse reactions were hypoalbuminemia, decreased appetite and nausea. The mortality rate within 30 days after surgery was 0, and no tumor metastasis was observed. Conclusion    Pembrolizumab combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe and feasible to treat non-small cell lung cancer, and the short-term efficacy is beneficial.

Thoracic surgery perspective of comprehensive treatment of esophageal cancer with esophagus preserved / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Surgery is a classic traditional method for the treatment of early-stage esophageal cancer, and it is also recognized as an effective first-choice method in the medical community. With the development of endoscopic technology, esophagus-preserving comprehensive treatment of esophageal cancer has almost the same or even better effects in some aspects in the treatment of early esophageal cancer than surgery. Many clinical guidelines have also recommended it as the first-choice treatment for early esophageal cancer. The room for surgical treatment of esophageal cancer has been further compressed. This article discusses the comprehensive treatment model of esophageal cancer from the perspective of thoracic surgery, aiming to find a new position of thoracic surgery in the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Effects of penehychdine hydrochloride on severe acute pancreatitis associated acute lung injury in rats / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of penehychdine hydrochloride (PHCD)on acute lung injury induced by acute severe acute pancreatitis and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)in rats.Methods Forty healthy adult male SD rats were used and randomly divided into 3 groups, group S of sham operation,group ALI of pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury (PALI)and group P of PALI with PHCD.Rats of group ALI and group P were the model established of acute lung injury associated with SAP by retrograde injection of 4% sodium taurocholate into biliopancreatic duct.Rats of group P of acute lung injury with SAP were immediately given PHCD after SAP.Rats of group S and group ALI were injected the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution.After modeling,the rats were sacri-ficed at 12 h.The wet/dry weight ratio (W/D)of lung tissue was calculated.Pathological changes of pan-creatic and lung tissues were scored.HIF-1α,IL-1β,IL-6 of lung tissues and serum amylase were detected by ELISA.The expression of TLR4,NF-κB p65 in lung tissue was detected by Western blot.Results Ex-tensive infiltration of neutrophils,alveolar hemorrhage and necrosis and fat necrosis with pancreatic tissue were observed in group PALI and group P.Pancreatic tissue injury score was significantly higher than that of group S (P <0.01).However,there was no statistically significant difference between the level of serum amylase in group P and group ALI.The W/D ratio of lung tissue in rats of group ALI and group P was sig-nificantly higher than those in group S (P <0.05).Compared with those of group ALI,the lung tissue pathological changes of group P were significantly improved,and the lung W/D value was significantly lower than that of group ALI (P <0.05).Compared with group S,the expression of TLR4,NF-κB p65,HIF-1αin lung tissue of group ALI and group P was significantly higher (P <0.01),and the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65,HIF-1α,IL-1βand IL-6 in group P was significantly lower than that in group ALI (P <0.05).Conclusion PHCD could not alleviate the damage of pancreatic tissue of SAP.It suppressed the expression of HIF-1α,IL-1βand IL-6 and reduced the acute lung injury induced by SAP in rats,which might be depen-ded on suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors,such as HIF-1α.

Isolation, cultivation, and identification of human fibroblasts from cirrhotic liver / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To establish a method for isolating and culturing fibroblasts from cirrhotic liver in vitro,observe the biological characteristics of fibroblasts.Methods Human fibroblasts from cirrhotic liver were isolated and cultured by adhering to the culture plastic.The morphologic and growth characteristics of the acquired cells were observed by microscopy imaging and cell counting.The expression of FSP-1 and Vimentin of fibroblasts was detected through immunofluorescence and western blotting.Results The tissue blocks were well-adherent to the culture plastic within 2 hours.Hepatocyte-like cells were observed surrounding the blocks within about 1 week,and spindle-shaped fibroblasts were observed within about 2 weeks.After a series of passage,the attached cells became proliferated quickly.The growth curves of the passage 3,4 and 5 were quite similar.The result of immunofluorescence showed the expression of FSP1 and Vimentin was positive.The positive rate was respectively (90.6 ± 1.0) ％ and (91.2-± 4.1) ％.Conclusions Human fibroblasts from cirrhotic liver can be cultured successfully through adherent property.The method for isolation and culture of fibroblasts from cirrhotic liver is convenient,efficient,stable and cultured cells remain naive biological characteristics.

Infection distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) .Methods Clinical distribution and drug resistance of 1 190 strains of AB ,isolated in 2012 and 2013 ,were retrospectively analyzed .Results Most of AB strains were isolated from sputum ,and mainly from Intensive Care Unit ,Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Re‐spiratory .Resistance rates of AB to most antimicrobial agents were 60% -80% .Resistance rate to tobramycin ,piperacillin/tazobac‐tam and imipenem was increased significantly .Resistance rate to cefoperazone/sulbactam was decreased .Conclusion Drug resist‐ance of AB might be serious ,with increasing tendency .