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BACKGROUND@#Malignant plural effusion (MPE) is one of the most common specimen for liquid biopsy gene detection. This study aims to explore a method for isolating tumor cells from large volume of MPE and evaluate its efficacy and application prospect in gene detection.@*METHODS@#Pleural effusions (>500 mL) from 20 advanced lung cancer patients were obtained by effusion drainage and used to isolate tumor cells with cell separation media Percoll and Ficoll. Cell number and purity were calculated. DNA was extracted from the supernatant (etDNA), total cells and isolated tumor cells of pleural effusion (ETC-DNA) to detect the mutation of tumor-related genes by next-generation sequencing.@*RESULTS@#The median number of cells isolated from malignant pleural effusion was 8.50×10⁴ (interquel range: 9.25×10³-3.75×10⁵), 85.50%±5.80% of the cells were identified as tumor cells. The detection rates of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation of etDNA, total cell DNA and ETC-DNA were 70.00%, 50.00% and 70.00%, reseparately, while the median EGFR mutation abundance in 3 components was 16.05% (4.78%-43.06%), 1.09% (0.00%-2.39%), and 33.02% (18.50%-76.70%), respectively. ETC-DNA had good consistency with tissue DNA (P>0.999, kappa=1.000) and etDNA (P>0.999, kappa=1.000). ETC-DNA inclined to have higher EGFR mutation than etDNA, but the result was not statistically significant.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our method can isolate large amount of tumor cells from a large volume of malignant pleural effusion with high purity. Using ETC-DNA as specimen improves the efficacy of gene detection, thus is worth further study.
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Objective To investigate the difference of niacin skin flush response between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HCs), and its sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of MDD. Methods Twenty-one untreated patients with MDD and 28 age- and gender-matched HCs were enrolled in this study. The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed mainly by using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17). Methyl Nicotinate (MN) solution at 8 different concentrations (10-5 mol/L, 10-4 mol/L, 10-3.5 mol/L, 10-3 mol/L, 10-2.5 mol/L, 10-2 mol/L, 10-1.5 mol/L, 10-1 mol/L) were applied on subjects' forearms. Signals of blood flow were collected using the Doppler Laser Flowmetry to detect the skin flushing of the test. Results Under the concentrations of 10-2.5 mol/L, 10-2 mol/L, 10-1.5 mol/L and 10-1 mol/L MN solution, the blood flow was significantly higher in depressive patients than in HCs (P<0.01). The MN sensitivity (logEC50) was inversely correlated to the severity of depressive symptoms (r=-0.57, P<0.05). ROC curve analysis implied that the maximum blood flow (MBF) caused by the niacin skin flush response, could efficiently discriminate MDD from HCs (AUC=0.90, P<0.01). Conclusion The presence of enhanced niacin skin flush response may be helpful in the diagnosis of MDD.
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Objective:To review the clinicopathological characteristics and analyze the prognostic factors of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of stomach(HAS).Methods:From August 2012 to June 2017,30 patients with HAS were diagnosed in Daycare of Peking University Cancer Hospital.Clinicopathological data and follow-up information of these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Re-sults:The median age of these 30 patients was 58 years at diagnosis,with a male-to-female ratio of 2.75:1.Twenty-nine patients were confirmed to have lymph node metastases and 7 patients had distant metastases.Ten patients died because of the cancer within the follow-up period.The 1-and 3-year survival rates were 60% and 52%,respectively.Cox multivariate regression revealed that elevated serum CA199 levels,higher lymph node staging,not having undergone radical surgery,and stronger immunohistochemical(IHC)stain-ing intensity of alpha fetoprotein(AFP)were independent poor prognostic factors.Conclusions:Elevated serum CA199 levels,lymph node staging,and IHC staining intensity of AFP are verified in this study as independent risk factors of poor outcome in HAS patients. Early detection and diagnosis of the disease may improve the clinical prognosis.Multidisciplinary team discussions are important in making therapy decisions and radical surgery should be performed whenever possible.