A multicenter study of brain T 2WI lesions radiomics machine learning models distinguishing multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of a machine learning model based on radiomics of brain lesions on T 2WI in differentiating multiple sclerosis (MS) from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Methods:Totally 223 MS and NMOSD patients who were treated from January 2009 to September 2018 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Donghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, and Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively, and according to the proportion of 7∶3, 223 patients were completely randomly divided into training set (156 cases) and test set (67 cases). A total of 74 patients with MS and NMOSD who were treated in Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin University from January 2009 to September 2018 and in Xianghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2020 to September 2021 were collected as an independent external validation set. All patients underwent brain cross-sectional MR T 2WI, radiomics features were extracted from T 2WI, and features were selected by max-relevance and min-redundancy and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithms. Then various machine learning classifier models (logistic regression, decision tree, AdaBoost, random forest or support vector machine) were constructed to differentiate MS from NMOSD. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics was used to evaluate the performance of each classifier model in the training set, test set and external validation set. Results:Based on multi-center T 2WI, a total of 11 radiomics features related to the discrimination between MS and NMOSD were extracted and classifier models were constructed. Among them, the random forest model had the best efficiency in distinguishing MS from NMOSD, and its AUC values for distinguishing MS from NMOSD in the training set, test set and external validation set were 1.000, 0.944 and 0.902, with specificity of 100%, 76.9% and 86.0%, and sensitivity of 100%, 92.1% and 79.7%, respectively. Conclusion:The random forest model based on the radiomic features of T 2WI of brain lesions can effectively distinguish MS from NMOSD.

Iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of pregnant women in the areas of oral lipiodol pills in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To learn about the iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of pregnant women in the areas of oral lipiodol pills in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang).Methods:In October 2019, using the probability proportionate to size sampling (PPS sampling) method, Aksu Prefecture (Aksu) of Xinjiang was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the directions of east, west, south, north and middle. One county was selected from each area, one township was selected from each county according to the directions of east, west, south, north and middle, and 20 pregnant women were selected from each township. The general demographic data of pregnant women were collected by questionnaires, and 24-hour urine samples, household salt samples and drinking water samples were collected for iodine detection, and serum samples were collected for thyroid function index detection.Results:A total of 555 pregnant women were investigated, including 121, 234 and 200 women in the early, middle and late pregnancy, with an average age of 26 years. Among them, the median of urinary iodine of women in early, middle and late pregnancy was 209.53, 204.27 and 225.29 μg/L, respectively, which was all in the appropriate state. The median of salt iodine was 24.70, 26.00 and 26.20 mg/kg, respectively, and the median of water iodine was 4.85, 3.30 and 4.85 μg/L, respectively. There were no significant difference in urinary iodine, salt iodine and water iodine during different pregnancy ( H= 1.61, 4.38, 2.63, P > 0.05). The prevalence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnant women was 4.32% (24/555), 0.54% (3/555) and 0.36% (2/555), respectively; and the highest prevalence rate was in the middle pregnancy, which was 7.26% (17/234), 1.28% (3/234) and 0.85% (2/234), respectively. The positive rate of autospecific antibody in pregnant women with normal thyroid function was 13.15% (73/555). The positive rate of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) was 11.35% (63/555), 8.11% (45/555), respectively. After excluding the pregnant women with positive thyroid autospecific antibody, the range ( P2.5- P97.5) of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in different pregnancy were close to or slightly higher than the recommended reference value in the "Guideline on Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Diseases During Pregnancy and Postpartum (2nd ed)". Except that the P2.5 value of free thyroxine (FT 4) in early pregnancy was lower than the reference value, the FT 4 range in other pregnancy showed the same trend as that of TSH. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that free triiodothyronine (FT 3) and FT 4, TPOAb and TgAb, TgAb and FT 4 were positively correlated ( r= 0.497, 0.504, 0.216, P < 0.05), and TSH and FT 3 was negatively correlated ( r = - 0.194, P < 0.05) in the early pregnancy; FT 3 and FT 4, TPOAb and TgAb were positively correlated in the middle and late pregnancy ( r = 0.188, 0.527, 0.177, 0.623, P < 0.05); TSH was negatively correlated with FT 3 in the late pregnancy ( r = - 0.165, P < 0.05); there was no correlation between urinary iodine and thyroid function indexes ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:The water iodine in the outer environment of the oral lipiodol pills area Aksu in Xinjiang is low, and the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women is appropriate. Except that the P2.5 value of FT 4 in the early pregnancy is lower than the reference value, the TSH range close to or of women during each pregnancy and the FT 4 range of women in the middle and late pregnancy are slightly higher than the reference value, which still need continuous monitoring.

Cerebellar-cerebral resting-state functional connectivity alterations in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the alterations of cerebellar and cerebral functional connectivity (FC) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and associations with clinical parameters.Methods:Eighteen acute RRMS patients, 25 remitting RRMS patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) who underwent 3.0 T brain MRI using resting-state functional protocols were collected retrospectively from September 2012 to June 2019 at the First Hospital of Nanchang University. After data preprocessing, the functional connectivity coefficients were calculated between each seed of the cerebellum and every other voxel in the cerebrum for comparison of the inter-groups difference and correlation analysis with clinical variables.Results:Compared with HC, the acute RRMS patients showed significant decreased FC of left cerebellar lobule Ⅵ, the right cerebellar lobule Ⅵ and the left vermis ( P<0.001, Gaussian Random Field theory correction at cluster level P<0.05), the remitting RRMS patients showed the decreased FC of the right cerebellar Crus I, the left cerebellar Crus Ⅰ, the left cerebellar lobule Ⅴ and right cerebellar lobule Ⅴ ( P<0.001, Gaussian Random Field theory correction at cluster level P<0.05). In the acute RRMS patients, FC between the left cerebellar lobule Ⅵ and the right precentral/postcentral gyrus was negatively correlated with illness duration ( r=-0.492, P=0.038). FC between the right cerebellar lobule Ⅵ and the right postcentral gyrus/right superior parietal gyrus was negatively correlated with the expanded disability status scale scores ( r=-0.611, P=0.007). FC between the left vermis and the left calcarine gyrus was negatively correlated with illness duration ( r=-0.534, P=0.02). In the remitting RRMS patients, FC between the right Crus Ⅰ and the left anterior insula was negatively correlated with normalized total white matter lesion load ( r=-0.453, P=0.023). FC between the right Crus Ⅰ and the right anterior insula was negatively correlated with modified fatigue impact scale ( r=-0.450, P=0.024). Conclusions:The cerebello-cerebral connection of cognitive related networks is decreased in both acute attack and remission stages of RRMS patients. In addition, the cerebello-cerebral connection in sensorimotor network can also be significantly impacted in acute attack stage, while the cerebello-cerebral connection of emotional network may be decreased in remission stage.

Peripheral 5-hydroxytryptophan aggravates lung injury in septic mice by inducing the formation of neutrophils extracellular trap / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To observe the effect of peripheral 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HT)-induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) on lung injury in septic mice.Methods:Wild-type (WT type) and Tph1 knockout (KO) C57 mice (6-8 weeks) were selected and divided into WT mice sham group, WT mice sepsis group, Tph1 KO mice sham group and Tph1 KO mice sepsis group according to the random number table method. Mice in the sham group received sham surgery (only open the abdominal cavity to flip the cecum without ligation and puncture, and then close the abdominal cavity); the mice in the sepsis group received cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to establish sepsis model. The mice were sacrificed 12 hours after the operation, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bronchialalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by enzyme linked immunoadsordent assay (ELISA); at the same time, the lung tissues were collected, and the pathological changes of lung tissues were observed under light microscope, and the production of NET in lung tissues was observed by immunofluorescence microscope. Results:The pathological results suggested that the lung tissue structure in sham groups was intact without exudation, while the alveolar structures of mice in the sepsis groups were damaged, with obvious exudation in the alveolar cavity and thickened alveolar walls accompanied by a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, and the degree of lung injury in the sepsis group of WT mice was more severe than that of the sepsis group of Tph1 KO mice. ELISA results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in mice BALF from different strains of the sham group; while the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF of septic mice group were significantly higher than those in sham group [WT mice: TNF-α (μg/L) was 158.20±28.46 vs. 14.00±3.28, IL-6 (μg/L) was 304.98±21.78 vs. 57.70±12.30; Tph1 KO mice: TNF-α (μg/L) was 85.88±20.13 vs. 14.95±1.53, IL-6 (μg/L) was 169.50±45.61 vs. 55.05±12.68, all P < 0.01], and the above index levels in the sepsis group of WT mice were significantly higher than the sepsis group of Tph1 KO mice [TNF-α (μg/L): 158.20±28.46 vs. 85.88±20.13, IL-6 (μg/L): 304.98±21.78 vs. 169.50±45.61, both P < 0.01]. Immunofluorescence staining showed that a very small amount of NET formation was detected in the mice lungs from the sham group; a large amount of NET formation was detected in the lung tissues in the sepsis group, which were significantly higher than those in sham group [WT mice: (34.75±7.27)% vs. (1.75±0.96)%, Tph1 KO mice: (14.25±5.74)% vs. (2.50±1.29)%, both P < 0.01], and the amount of NET produced in the lung tissues of the WT mice sepsis group was significantly higher than that of the Tph1 KO mice sepsis group [(34.75±7.27)% vs. (14.25±5.74)%, P < 0.01]. Conclusions:In sepsis, the increased production of inflammatory factors in the mice lung tissues induces to lung injury. The mechanism may relate to the increased production of NET in the lung tissues mediated by peripheral 5-HT synthesized by enterochromaffin cells and released into the blood; inhibiting the production of 5-HT in the peripheral blood can effectively reduce the production of NET in the lung tissues, thereby reducing lung injury.

Thirty-year follow-up observation of the impact of iodine fortification strategy on intellectual development of children / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To follow up and observe the intellectual development of school children aged 8 to 10 in Baicheng County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which was a severe iodine deficiency disorders region in history, before and after effective control of the disease, in order to evaluate the impact of iodine supplementation on protection of children's intellectual development and provide a theoretical basis for scientific supplements of iodine.Methods:From 1989 to 2018, Combined Raven's Test for Rural in China (CRT-RC) was used to observe the intellectual development status of 660 Uyghur school children aged 8 to 10 in Baicheng County in 1989, 2002, 2006, 2012 and 2018, respectively. Children's intelligence quotient (IQ) was calculated using CRT-RC's 1987 normal sample of rural children in the same age group; the data of average iodized salt coverage rate (C-IS) and childhood goiter rate (GR) from multiple local surveys and the median urinary iodine (MUIC) of children were collected, combined with the "Criteria for Elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders" (GB 16006-2008) and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) recommended standards, the status of iodine deficiency during children's growth (IDG) was divided into complete exposure to iodine deficiency, no exposure, and semi-exposed. The Flynn effect (FE) gain was calculated using norm samples of children aged 8 to 10 in 1987, 1996 and 2006 of CRT-RC, and the differences in children's intellectual development after FE correction before and after IDG reached the standard were compared.Results:The IQ of children were (81.67 ± 14.13), (83.26 ± 14.05), (89.68 ± 13.58), (98.50 ± 14.33) and (103.23 ± 15.25) points in Baicheng County in 1989, 2002, 2006, 2012 and 2018, respectively, the difference between different years was statistically significant ( F = 58.357, P < 0.01). The three indicators of C-IS, GR, and MUIC didn't meet the standards during the IDG evaluation period in the 1989, 2002, and 2006 groups, which were the complete exposure to iodine deficiency; in the 2012 group, only the MUIC met the standard, which was semi-exposed; in the 2018 group, three indicators all met the standard, which was no exposure. The FE gains of 1987 with 1996, 1996 with 2006 were 0.96 points/year and 0.74 points/year, respectively; after FE correction, the actual gains of IQ of 2002 and 2006 compared with 1989, 2012 and 2018 compared with 2006 were - 9.57, - 6.11, 4.38, and 4.67 points, respectively. Conclusions:In iodine deficiency areas, intermittent iodine supplementation (1989 - 2009) for children exposed to iodine deficiency during growth still cannot effectively protect children's intellectual development; continuous and effective iodine supplementation (2010 - 2018) with iodized salt as the core and covering children's growth period has obvious positive effects on protection of children's normal intellectual development. In the future, we will continue to observe the influence of IDG full-cycle suitable iodine nutrition on children's intellectual development.

Effects of Total Glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora Combined with Cisplatin on Tumor Inhibition and Renal Injury Improvement in Model Rats with Gastric Cancer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the improvement effects of total glucosides of Paeonia l actiflora（TGPL）combined with cisplatin on tumor inhibition and renal injury in gastric cancer model rats. METHODS ：Totally 75 rats were divided into control group（normal saline ，i.g.），model group （normal saline ，i.g.），cisplatin group （25 mg/kg，i.p.），TGPL group （200 mg/kg，i.g.）， TGPL+cisplatin group （200 mg/kg TGPL ，i.g.+25 mg/kg cisplatin ，i.p.），with 15 rats in each group. Except for control group ， gastric cancer rat models were established in other groups by subcutaneous inoculation of gastric cancer BGC 823 cell suspension. After modeling ，they were given relevant medicine intraperitoneally/intragastrically ，for consecutive 28 d. The tumor weight and tumor inhibition rate were measured. The apoptosis rate in tumor tissue was detected by flow cytometry ；Western blotting assay was used to detect the levels of Bcl- 2 and Bax in tumor tissue ；ELISA or biochemical analyzer were used to determine the levels of IL-18 and KIM- 1 in urine ，BUN and Scr in serum ，as well as SOD， MDA and GSH in renal tissue ； histopathological 015）changes of renal tissue in rats were detected by HE staining. 65896961。E-mail：taolitianxia999@163.com RESULTS： Compared with control group ， there was no statistical significance in the levels of IL- 18 and KIM- 1 in urine，serum levels of BUN and Scr ，the levels of SOD MDA and GSH in renal tissue of model group （P＞0.05）；no obvious histopathological change was found in renal tissue. Compared with model group ，tumor weight in cisplatin group was decreased significantly ，while cell apoptosis was increased significantly，while expression level of Bax in tumor tissue was increased significantly ，the expression level of Bcl- 2 was decreased significantly（P＜0.05）；the levels of IL- 18 and KIM- 1 in urine ，BUN and Scr in serum and MDA in kidney were increased significantly（P＜0.05）；the levels of SOD and GSH in renal tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）；renal tubules were dilated，vacuoles of epithelial cells in basal layer and cast in renal tubules formed . Compared with cisplatin ，tumor weight in TGPL+cisplatin group was decreased significantly ，while apoptotic rate was increased significantly ，while the level of Bax was increased significantly ，expression level of Bcl- 2 was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）；the levels of IL- 18 and KIM- 1 in urine ， BUN and Scr in serum and MDA in renal tissue were significantly reduced （P＜0.05）；the levels of SOD and GSH in renal tissue were increased significantly （P＜0.05）；there was no tubule dilation ，but vacuoles were occasionally found in basal epithelial cells，and the cast formation in renal tubules was rare. Compared with TGPL group，tumor weight in TGPL +cisplatin group was significantly reduced ，the tumor inhibition rate was significantly increased ，the apoptosis rate was significantly increased ，while the expression level of Bax in tumor tissue was increased significantly ，expression level of Bcl- 2 was decreased significantly （P＜ 0.05）；there was no statistical significance in the levels of IL- 18 and KIM- 1 in urine ，the levels of BUN and Scr in serum ，the levels of SOD ，MDA and GSH in renal tissue （P＞0.05）；a small amount of inflammatory cells infiltrated occasionally in renal tissue. CONCLUSIONS ：TGPL combined with cisplatin can inhibit tumor growth ，promote tumor cell apoptosis and improve renal injury induced by cisplatin.

The role of lung type Ⅱ epithelial stem cell differentiation in radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To determine the role of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial stem cells (AEC Ⅱ) in radiation-induced pulmonary injury and investigate the potential mechanism by observing the dynamic changes in the expression levels of anti-prosurfactant protein C (proSP-C) proSP-C (AEC Ⅱ biomarker), homeobox only protein X (HOPX, type I alveolar epithelial cell biomarker) or vimentin (a mesenchymal marker) and transforming growth factor β 1(TGF-β 1), a profibrotic cytokine. Methods:Eight-week old C57BL/6j female mice were exposed to X-ray thoracic irradiation. Mouse lungs were collected at 8 different time points of 24 h, 1 week, 1 to 6 months after irradiation. The histopathological changes of the lungs at different time points were observed with H& E staining to determine the time of formation of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, the co-expression of proSP-C with HOPX or vimentin in AEC Ⅱ was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining to track AEC Ⅱ phenotypes at different injury phases following thoracic irradiation. The expression levels of those proteins and TGF-β 1 were quantitatively detected by Western blot. Results:After thoracic exposure to a single dose of 20 Gy X-ray for 3 months, the fibrotic lesions in the lungs could be noted. The co-expression of proSP-C with vimentin or HOPX could be observed in AEC Ⅱ. Western blot demonstrated that the expression levels of TGF-β 1 and those proteins were also changed along with the lung injury. Conclusion:AEC Ⅱ can be differentiated into mesenchymal-like cells after X-ray irradiation due to the up-regulated expression of TGF-β 1, which is a potential cause of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells regulated by gultaredoxin 3 / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of inhibiting glutaredoxin 3(GLRX3) expression on proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells.@*Methods@#Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of GLRX3 protein in human embryonic lung fibroblast MRC5 and lung cancer cells, including A427, A549, PC9 and H1299. GLRX3-targeted siRNA (experimental group) and negative siRNA (negative group) were transfected into A549 cells, and the cells without special treatment were blank group. The protein expression levels of GLRX3, cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3(cleaved caspase-3), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3), phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3) in each group at 48 hours after transfection were measured by Western blotting. The proliferation ability of differently treated cells at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after transfection were detected by CCK-8 array. The cell apoptosis at 48 hours after transfection was evaluated by flow cytometry.@*Results@#The protein expression levels of GLRX3 in MRC5, A427, A549, PC9 and H1299 were 0.094±0.010, 0.282±0.021, 0.551±0.045, 0.423±0.039 and 0.454±0.036, respectively. The protein expressions of GLRX3 in tested lung cancer cells were significantly higher than that of MRC5 cells (all P<0.01). The GLRX3 protein expressions in blank group, negative control group and experimental group at 48 hours after transfection were 0.311±0.029, 0.328±0.032 and 0.103±0.012, respectively. GLRX3 protein expression level of experimental group in A549 cells was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01), whilewithout statistical difference between the negative group and blank group (P>0.05). A values of experimental group at 24, 48 and 72 hours after transfection in A549 cells were significantly different from those of blank group (all P<0.01). Percent of apoptotic cells in the experimental group was (9.52±0.56)%, which was significantly higher than that of blank group [(1.65±0.22)%] and negative control group [(1.42±0.26)%, all P<0.01]. Consistently, compared with blank group, the cleaved caspase-3 markedly increased in the experimental group (P<0.01). The protein expression of p-STAT3 in the experimental group was significantly lower than the blank group (P<0.01), while no significant difference of STAT3 protein expression was observed among all the groups (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Inhibition of GLRX3 gene expression can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells and induce cell apoptosis through up-regulating cleaved caspase-3 expression and down-regulating STAT3 signaling pathway.

Pharmaceutical Care for One Case of Mycobacterium Marinum Infection / 中国药师

Taking full advantage of professional knowledge,clinical pharmacist involved in the whole treatment process of one case of mycobacterium infection by assisting doctors in determining and optimizing the anti-infective treatment plan, and performing pharmaceutical care. After the active, rational and effective anti-infective treatment, the patient's infection was controlled effectively. The active participation of clinical pharmacist gains clinical experience for the treatment of rare bacterial infections.

Study of effect on solution-focused approach in improving the negative emotion of surgical patients in department of vascular surgery

To study of effect on solution-focused approach in improving the negative emotion of surgical patients in department of vascular surgery.120 patients treated with vascular surgery in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as research object, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 60 cases in each group according to the random number table, the control group were given to routine nursing and psychological guidance, the observation group were given to solution-focused approach, then the POMS score and SCL- 90 score of two groups before and after the intervention at first and second week were compared. Results The factors score of POMS score and SCL-90 score of observation group after the intervention at first and second week were all better than those of control group, all the factor score of two groups after the intervention at first and second week were compared, there were all significant differences [all P 0.05]. The effect on solution-focused approach in improving the negative emotion of surgical patients in department of vascular surgery is better and it plays an active role in improving the psychological state of patients

Expression and significance of miR-146a and LIN52 in advanced gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the expression of miR-146a and its target gene LIN52 in advanced gastric cancer and their potential impact on clinical prognosis.Methods Total RNAs were extracted from 93gastric cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues to quantify the relative expression of miR-146a by using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).Expression of LIN52 was detected in tumors and normal tissues by immunohistochemistry.Correlation analysis was assessed between the expression of miR-146a and LIN52 and clinicopathological parameters,including clinical diagnostic specificity,tumor TNM staging,lymph node metastasis,differentiation grade,curative effect and prognosis of gastric cancer.Results The expression of miR-146a in gastric carcinoma was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P ＜0.05).The expression of miR-146a had a significant correlation with the prognosis of the patients (P ＜ 0.01).The patients with high expression of miR-146a had higher survival rate (P ＜ 0.05),but the patients with high expression of LIN52 had lower survival rate (P ＜ 0.05).The receiver operating characteristic curve regression analysis showed that sensitivity and specificity of miR-146a were 94.1％ and 61.5 ％ to diagnose gastric cancer.Conclusions As a tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer,miR-146a has significantly negative correlation with LIN52.High expression of miR-146a in the gastric cancer tissue might be associated with improved treatment efficacy of chemotherapy,suggesting that miR-146a may be a molecular marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.

A follow up observation of the effects of preventive measures on iodine deficiency disorders in Aksu, Xinjiang / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the iodine nutritional condition among populations in Aksu after implementing free iodized salt in population of Xinjiang.Methods According to the National Iodine Deficiency Monitoring Programme (Revised),totally 45 villages (towns) of subordinated 8 counties and Aksu City,Xinjiang were selected for collecting salt samples.Meanwhile,in 27 villages (towns) primary schools,school-aged children (8-10 years old) were selected for collecting disposable urine samples,B ultrasound was used to check thyroid volume and intelligence (IQ) was evaluated by China Combined Raven Test (CRT).Pregnant women were sampled for collecting their disposable urine near the primary schools.Both the children and pregnant women were evaluated the iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) knowledge awareness by questionnaire.The urine iodine concentration was measured by the ammonium persulfate digestion-As-Ce catalytic spectrophotometer method.The salt iodine concentration was measured by the direct titrimetric method,and other kinds of iodine in salt were measured by referee method (GB/T 13025.7-2012).Results A total of 2 700 household salt samples were collected,the average of iodine concentration in household salt was (26.95 ± 5.10) mg/kg.The coverage of household iodized salt was 98.56％ (2 661/2 700).The coverage of edible iodized salt was 98.00％ (2 646/2 700).A total of 2 159 urine samples were collected,the median of urine iodine concentration (UIC) among school-aged children (8-10 years old) was 235.50 μg/L.The total goiter rate was 1.51％ (33/2 179) among children aged 8-10 years old.A total of 2 098 people were conducted IQ test,the average IQ was 88.03 ± 17.14.A total of 1 047 urine samples were collected,the median of UIC among pregnant women was 213.50 μg/L.The IDD knowledge awareness rate of children and women were 98.82％ (751/760) and 99.23％ (258/260),respectively.Conclusions The iodine nutrition is in an adequate range,awareness of IDD prevention is obviously improved among children which is representative of common people and pregnant women after implementing the free iodized salt in population of Xinjiang in Aksu.The policy of preventing IDD based on this policy has showed enormous effect.

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography with right atrium bolus triggering / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To optimize the CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)using right atrium (RA)CT value monitoring to determine the accurate time to peak CT value of pulmonary artery.Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups and 30 patients for each.Group PT:CTPA acquisition was triggered by pulmonary trunk monitoring,holding breath and 70 mL contrast agent (CA).Group RA:CTPA was performed using triggering from RA with spontaneous respiration and 40 mL CA.Imaging quality, average CT values of pulmonary arteries and veins,as well as their density difference were compared.Results The imaging quality, average CT values of pulmonary arteries and artery-veins density difference were significantly higher in group RA (P 0.05).Conclusion CTPA imaging is optimized by triggering from RA CT value monitoring.This technique provides the optimal enhancement of pulmonary artery and minimal contrast filling of pulmonary venous with reduced doses of CA.

Nano-liposomes of entrapment lidocaine hydrochloride on in vitro permeability of narcotic

In order to explore two kinds of nano-liposomes in lidocaine hydrochloride nano-liposomes on in vitro permeability of drug, and conduct comparison and analysis, this paper investigates cumulative infiltration situation of lidocaine hydrochloride flexible nano-liposomes and ordinary nano-liposomes by using modified Franz diffusion pool on mice vitro skin. Cumulative osmotic quantity of lidocaine hydrochloride flexible nano-liposomes for 9h was higher than ordinary nano-liposomes. tmax [Maximum osmotic quantity time] of lidocaine hydrochloride flexible nano-liposomes and ordinary nano-liposomes in mice skin was 5 and 60min, the former Cmax [maximum dosage time] was 1.2 times of the latter. Drug was not found in mice plasma of ordinary nano-liposomes group, traces of drugs was detected in 0.5 and 1h in flexible nano-liposomes group, but the concentration was lower than the effective concentration. Compared with the classic skin transparent promoter and ordinary liposome, flexible nano-liposomes have more advantages, but its stability is less than ordinary nano-liposomes because of the addition of surface active substance. Flexible nanoliposomes have great development potential as a carrier of transdermal drug delivery field

A phenomenological research on the mental journey of parents of children with leukemia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the psychological experience and the needs of parents who had children with leukemia in order to provide the theoretical and practice reference for clinical nursing work.Methods A qualitative phenomenological methodology was used in this study.10 parents of children with leukemia were interviewed with semi-open-ended questions.The NVivo10.0 software was used to supervise,excavate and seek data.The Colaizzi phenomenological methodology was used to analyze the data.Results Through careful analysis,four themes were identified:leukemia news was like crowning calamity; psychological changes generally varied in different stages; pressure had pluralism as well as the diversity of coping.The demand had multipolarity.Conclusions Attention should be paid closely to parents with leukemia children.The individualized measures should be taken by medical workers in order to provide them with mental nursing and holistic nursing and make them stay in a best health state,so that they can supply better social support for these children.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of implementation of national food safety standard for “Iodine Concentration in Edible Salt” (GB 26878-2011) / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To observe the implementation of national food safety standard for “Iodine Concentration in Edible Salt”(GB 26878-2011) and its effectiveness on iodine nutritional status of key populations. Methods Information of iodine concentration in edible iodized salt of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities, including Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps) was collected using Baidu Searching Engine through the establishment of key words. Sal t samples were collected in Tianjin City and Aksu Region of Xinjiang , and the salt iodine concentration in both places was 30 mg/kg. In Tianjin, Hongqiao, Tanggu and Hangu, Beichen were selected as representatives of the downtown areas, the coastal areas and the suburbs, respectively and counties of Baodi and Ji were iodine deficiency areas in history. Sampling work was carried out from August 2012 to March 2013 in Tianjin. In Aksu, Yatuoer Township and Charqi Town in Baicheng County, Aotebeixi and Aketuohai Townships in Wushen County were chosen as iodine deficiency areas, and the survey was carried out from January to September 2013 . Random urine samples of school-age children ( 8 - 10 years old ) , pregnant women and lactating women were collected; urinary iodine was measured following the Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry(WS/T 107-2006) and iodine in edible iodized salt was measured following the General Test Method in Salt Industry Determination of Iodideion ( GB/T 13025 . 7-1999 ) . Results Fourteen of the provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities, including the Corps of Xinjiang) chose 25 mg/kg as their iodine concentration in edible iodized salt and 13 provinces chose 30 mg/kg. Besides, there were another 5 provinces providing 30 mg/kg particularly for pregnant women and lactating women while 25 mg/kg for other populations. In Tianjin, the medians of iodine concentration in edible iodized salt were ranged from 24.4 - 32.1 mg/kg in retail stores and 26.4 mg/kg at households. The household coverage rate of iodized salt and the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt were 78.5%(168/214) and 62.6%(134/214), respectively. The median ranges of urinary iodine were 178.2 - 183.9 μg/L in school children, 124.3 - 130.9 μg/L in pregnant women and 72.7 - 109.5 μg/L in lactating women. In Aksu, the medians of iodine concentration in edible iodized salt were 27.1 and 26.5 mg/kg in retail stores and households, respectively. The household coverage rate of iodized salt and the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt were 100.0% (363/363) and 98.9%(359/363), respectively. The median ranges of urinary iodine were 174.8 - 293.0, 154.9 - 230.0 and 135.8 - 239.3 μg/L among school children, pregnant women and lactating women, respectively. The median of iodine concentration in a special edible iodized salt sample reached 49.1 mg/kg, and qualified rate was 0(0/11) in Aksu. Conclusions All provinces , municipalities and autonomous regions ( including the Corps of Xingjiang ) in China have adjusted the iodine content in edible iodized salt in accordance with GB 26878-2011. However, in Tianjin the household iodine concentration in edible salt is lower than the local standards; the household coverage rate of iodized salt and the proportion of households using adequately iodized salt are lower than the national standards; pregnant women and lactating women are at risk of mild iodine deficiency.

Analysis of the trimester-specific thyroid function-related parameters in pregnant women / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To study the variation of serum thyroid hormones in each trimester of pregnancy and their relationship with thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb).Methods Three-hundred and seventy-seven pregnant women in different trimesters were enrolled,the serum TSH,FT3,FT4,TT3,TT4,and TPOAb were determined by ICMA assay.Results Serun TSH in normal pregnant group was gradually increased as the pregnant trimester grew up ( all P＜0.05 ).The median of TSH in positive TPOAb group was higher than that of negative TPOAb group( P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in positive TPOAb group were also higher than those in negative TPOAb group( all P＜0.05 ).The prevalences of subclinical hypothyroidism were 23.61％ and 18.04％,while those of clinical hypothyroidism were 0.27％ and 5.84％ by using TT4 and FT4 determination,respectively( P＜0.05 ).Conclusions More attention should be paid to the difference between FT4 and TT4 in hypothyroidism diagnosis during both second and third trimesters of pregnancy.Establishment of normal thyroid hormoues cut-off points in each trimester of pregnancy and screening for TPOAb is necessary.