Study on knowledge, attitudes and practices of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and their influencing factors / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers in China and analyze the factor influencing the KAP.Methods:A self-developed questionnaire was used for an online research on the KAP of 11 849 pediatric healthcare providers from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of China from March 11 to 14, 2022.The factors influencing the KAP of pulse oximetry among pediatric healthcare providers were examined by Logistic regression. Results:The scores of KAP, of pulse oximetry were 5.57±0.96, 11.24±1.25 and 11.19±4.54, respectively.The corresponding scoring rates were 69.61%, 74.95%, and 55.99%, respectively. Logistic regression results showed that the gender and working years of pediatric healthcare providers, the region they were located, and whether their medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters were the main factors affecting the knowledge score (all P<0.05). Main factors influencing the attitude score of pediatric healthcare providers included their knowledge score, gender, educational background, working years, region, medical institution level, and whether the medical institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). For the practice score, the main influencing factors were the knowledge score, gender, age, and whether the medi-cal institution was equipped with pulse oximeters (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Chinese pediatric healthcare providers need to further improve their knowledge about and attitudes towards pulse oximetry.Pulse oximeters are evidently under-used.It is urgent to formulate policies or guidelines, strengthen education and training, improve knowledge and attitudes, equip more institutions with pulse oximeters, and popularize their application in medical institutions.

Investigation on the status of 3-14 years old children with cerebral palsy in Liaoning / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the status on children of 3-14 years old who suffered from cerebral palsy in Liaoning province. Methods One thousand three hundred and twenty-three cases of children with cerebral palsy of 3-14 years old who received rehabilitation in city hospital, county hospital and community hospital were investigated from January 2013 to October 2016 in 14 cities in Liaoning Province. The proportion of cerebral palsy children in 3-4 years old, 4-5 years old, 8-9 years old, 5-6 years old , 6-7 years old and 7-8 years old was about 10%, and in the other age the proportion was about 7%. The proportion of men and women generally was 4:1;neonatal convulsion (252 cases, 19%), premature delivery (230 cases , 17.3%) and low birth weight infant (187 cases, 14.1%) were main risk factors and accounted for more than 10%. Spastic type cerebral palsy accounted for the highest proportion (54.35%, 719 cases)and ataxia cerebral palsy accounted for the lowest proportion (2.95%). In complications , lower intelligence accounted for the highest proportion (50.34%, 666 cases), followed by the language barrier (43.99% , 582 cases), and the other complications accounted for less than 10%.;gross motor function classification in most studied children was stageⅡ(35%) and stageⅢ(32.50%); 6.95% patients could go to school, and 84.96% patients had health insurance. Patients coming from city accounted for 69.01%, and patients coming from rural area accounted for 30.99%. Mothers′ education below primary school was 4.16% . 36.05% children received rehabilitation in comprehensive hospital, 60.09%in children′s hospital and 3.85%in maternal and child health hospital. Conclusions Spastic cerebral palsy is the main type of children with cerebral palsy in Liaoning.High risk factors include neonatal convulsions, premature birth and low birth weight infants. Most patients complicate with low intelligence and language barriers.This paper can be used as the basis of further research on prevention and treatment

Progress of preterm and small for gestational age infants with feeding difficulties / 国际儿科学杂志

Feeding difficulty is a widespread problem with high incidence in the premature infant and small for gestational age. There are many factors to impact the feeding difficulty in premature and small for ges-tational age,including suffocation,primary disease,gestational age,milk time,pregnancy factors,environmental factors,hormone levels. In this paper,we summarize the feeding difficulties′ etiology,pathogenesis,treatment a-bout premature and small for gestational age,aimed at providing the basis of feeding difficulties′prevention and cure for premature and small for gestational age.

Progress of laryngeal cartilage dysplasia / 国际儿科学杂志

Laryngeal cartilage dysplasia,also known as congenital laryngeal cartilage softening or con-genital laryngeal stridor,a clinical common laryngeal disease in infant. It is often shown as airflow makes special sound through larynx or tracheal stenosis,also known as laryngeal stridor. Obstruction can be caused by airway lumen or external pressure. Airway obstruction position can be located in the nose,pharynx and larynx and tra-chea. Laryngeal stridor can be caused by many diseases,such as congenital laryngeal stridor,acute laryngeal,or acute laryngotracheobronchitis,respiratory tract foreign bodies,congenital laryngeal stenosis and laryngeal web, etc. The pathogenesis,pathology,clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment are reviewed.

The changes of serum cytokines in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective To investigate the changes of serum cytokines in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).Methods A total of 239 children with MPP hospitalized in our department from Jan 2008 to Dec 2009 served as MPP group,which were redivided into mild MPP group (n =152) and severe MPP group ( n =87 ).Two hundred and sixty-three acute bronchopneumonia children without MPP infection served as non-MPP group.Fifty cases who would undergo hernia and phimosis elective surgery in pediatric surgery department served as control group.All children with pneumonia were detected mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies and cytokines (TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-4,IL-6) of serum in the first day of hospitalization and recovery period.Children in control group were detected the level of cytokines only once.Results Serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 in MPP group and non-MPP group were higher than those in　control group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).No significant differences of IFN-γ and IL-4 levels were found among three groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with non-MPP group,the levels of IFN-γ,IL-1β and IFN-γ/IL-4 were higher in MPP group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The levels of TNF-α,IL- 1β,IL-6,and IFN-γ/IL-4 were significantly decreased in　the recovery period of MPP (P ＜0.001,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IFN-γ/IL-4 in severe　MPP children were higher than those in mild MPP children ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The immunologic　function of MPP children is unbalanced.The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and IFN-γ/IL-4 are correlated with severity of MPP,which help to evaluate the state of MPP.